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Questions and Answers
Que obra de Otero Pedrayo trata sobre a decadencia da fidalguía no XIX?
Cal é a temática principal de 'A romaría de Xelmírez'?
Que tipo de narración presenta 'O señorito da Reboraina'?
Que elemento non caracteriza o estilo de Alfonso Daniel R. Castelao?
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Cal é a función que se destaca dentro da obra de Vicente Risco?
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Que forma literaria non aparece entre as obras de Adrián Solovio?
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Que aspecto característico do seu estilo permite a Castelao conectarse coas clases populares?
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A que concepto filosófico alude a obra en xeral?
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Que papel desempeñou Vicente Risco na narrativa galega do século XX?
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Que caracteriza a obra 'O porco de pé' de Vicente Risco?
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Como se describe a narrativa de Ramón Otero Pedrayo?
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Cual é unha das obras máis innovadoras de Vicente Risco?
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Que ideoloxía defendeu Vicente Risco durante a Guerra Civil?
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Que elemento destaca Risco na nación galega?
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Que perspectiva tivo Otero Pedrayo sobre a realidade galega?
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Cual é a conexión entre Vicente Risco e as Irmandades?
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Study Notes
Literature in Galicia in the Early 20th Century
- The first third of the 20th century was a favorable period for the development of literature in the Galician language.
- It consolidated the recovery process that began in the 19th century.
Vicente Risco (1884-1963)
- Studied Law and taught History at the Ourense Teacher Training College.
- A key figure in the Galician nationalist movement, he directed the magazine "Nós" and wrote extensively on Galician culture and politics.
- He was a strong advocate for Galician regionalism and published his landmark work, "Theory of Galician Nationalism" in 1918.
- He travelled to Germany and was influenced by the intellectual climate of Mitteleuropa, which he later analyzed in his essay "Mitteleuropa" (1933).
- During the Spanish Civil War and postwar period, he supported the Franco regime, defending traditional Catholicism and opposing Marxism.
- He was an advocate for an elitist society led by a spiritual aristocracy.
- He believed in the importance of the “sentimento da Terra" (feeling for the land) in shaping Galician identity.
- He championed a rural, patriarchal society that was not influenced by capitalism or class struggle.
Vicente Risco's Works
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Short stories:
- "Do caso que lle aconteceu ao doutor Alveiros"
- "O lobo da xente"
- "A trabe de ouro e a trabe de alquitrán"
- "A Coutada"
- "Os europeos en Abrantes"
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Novels:
- "O porco de pé" (1928)
"O porco de pé"
- Considered one of the most innovative novels of its time.
- Offers a grotesque portrayal of characters and social groups in the urban world of the 1920s.
- It describes the inexplicable rise of Don Celidonio to the positions of councilman and mayor.
- Don Celidonio is an animalistic symbol of the degradation of bourgeois society, where intelligence is replaced by money.
- He is contrasted with Dr. Alveiros, who embodies culture, sensibility, and spirit.
- Noted for its rich and varied language.
Ramón Otero Pedrayo (1888-1978)
- Studied Philosophy and Letters and Law in Madrid.
- Served as a professor of Geography and History until 1936 and later in the 1950s at the University of Santiago.
- Active in politics during the Second Republic, he was a member of the Galician Nationalist Party and became a deputy in Parliament.
- Credited with being a leading figure in the Galician cultural movement following the Civil War and was known as the "Patriarch of Galician Letters."
Ramón Otero Pedrayo's Works
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Short Stories:
- "Escrito na néboa"
- "Arredor de si"
- "Devalar"
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These stories feature a lack of plot, focusing instead on exploring Galician realities through biographical chronicles of the characters.
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The characters are frequently idealized portraits of the author himself.
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Adrián Solovio is the protagonist of the first two.
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Novels:
- "Os camiños da vida"
- "A romaría de Xelmírez"
- "O mesón dos ermos"
- "Contos do camiño e da rúa"
- "O señorito da Reboraina"
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His protagonists are often symbolic representations of Galician identity.
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His work often offers an idealized chronicle of medieval and 19th-century Galician history.
“Os Caminhos da Vida”
- It highlights the decline of the Galician aristocracy in the 19th century and the changing rural world.
- It expresses nostalgia for the Old Regime and a rejection of capitalism
"A Romaría de Xelmírez"
- It recounts the journey of Bishop Diego Xelmírez to Rome seeking the archbishopric.
- It celebrates the cultural splendor of medieval Galicia and its connections to Europe.
"O Mesón dos Ermos”
- It also depicts the decline of the aristocratic class, but this time through realistic descriptions of intrigue and characters.
"O Señorito da Reboraina"
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An ironic novel about a irresponsible nobleman.
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It appears to revisit situations and characters previously explored in his earlier works.
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Other Works:
- “Pantelas, home livre"
- “Contos de Santos e Nadal"
- “O purgatorio de don Ramiro"
- “Entre a vendima e a castañeira"
Ramón Otero Pedrayo's Thought
- He believed in the power of intuition as a method of knowledge.
- He valued the role of the aristocracy in Galician society.
- He adhered to pantheism, believing that the entire universe constitutes the one god.
- He favored realistic narration with elements of magical realism.
- He utilized macabre humor for dramatic effect.
Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao (1886-1950)
- Studied Medicine.
- In 1916 he moved to Pontevedra and became involved in the Galician cultural movement, "Irmandades."
- With the proclamation of the Second Republic, he participated in the founding of the Galician Nationalist Party, "Partido Galeguista," and was elected as a deputy.
- In 1936, he campaigned for the Statute of Autonomy for Galicia.
- The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War caught him in Madrid, leading him to flee to Valencia, Barcelona, and finally into exile.
- In 1940, he settled in Buenos Aires, where he became a key leader for Galician exiles.
Castelao's Characteristics and Style
- Synthesis and Concentration: He aimed to achieve maximum effect with minimal means.
- Macrotext: His collection of stories forms a larger narrative that reflects folk stories.
- Biographic Projection: The stories incorporate the author’s life and present the historical, social, political, and ideological context of the first third of the 20th century.
- Lyrical and Humorous Combinations: He blended lyrical elements (through recurring rhythmic patterns like parallelism and antitheses) with humorous ones (irony).
- Protagonists: His stories feature characters from the lower classes.
- Popular Language: He used popular language while presenting a model of rich and varied Galician.
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Description
Descubre a evolución da literatura galega na primeira metade do século XX, un período de consolidación e recuperación. A través da figura de Vicente Risco, explora a súa influencia na cultura, política e nacionalismo galego.
