Literatura Galega do Século XX

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Questions and Answers

Que obra de Otero Pedrayo trata sobre a decadencia da fidalguía no XIX?

A romaría de Xelmírez

O señorito da Reboraina

O mesón dos ermos

Os camiños da vida (correct)

Cal é a temática principal de 'A romaría de Xelmírez'?

A viaxe a Roma para solicitar a sé arcebispal (correct)

A historia da literatura galega

A vida das clases privilexiadas en Galicia

O impacto do capitalismo no rural

Que tipo de narración presenta 'O señorito da Reboraina'?

Unha narración trágica sobre a fidalguía

Unha novela con humorismo macabro

Unha novela irónica sobre un fidalgo (correct)

Un relato fantástico e abstracto

Que elemento non caracteriza o estilo de Alfonso Daniel R. Castelao?

Consumo de recursos extensivos Signup and view all the answers

Cal é a función que se destaca dentro da obra de Vicente Risco?

A representación de características identitarias de Galicia Signup and view all the answers

Que forma literaria non aparece entre as obras de Adrián Solovio?

Poemario Signup and view all the answers

Que aspecto característico do seu estilo permite a Castelao conectarse coas clases populares?

A achega á lingua popular Signup and view all the answers

A que concepto filosófico alude a obra en xeral?

Panteísmo Signup and view all the answers

Que papel desempeñou Vicente Risco na narrativa galega do século XX?

Defendeu a cultura galega cunha visión elitista. Signup and view all the answers

Que caracteriza a obra 'O porco de pé' de Vicente Risco?

Un retrato grotesco da sociedade burguesa. Signup and view all the answers

Como se describe a narrativa de Ramón Otero Pedrayo?

Utiliza un estilo narrativo sen peripecia. Signup and view all the answers

Cual é unha das obras máis innovadoras de Vicente Risco?

O porco de pé Signup and view all the answers

Que ideoloxía defendeu Vicente Risco durante a Guerra Civil?

O réxime franquista e o catolicismo integrista. Signup and view all the answers

Que elemento destaca Risco na nación galega?

O sentimento da Terra. Signup and view all the answers

Que perspectiva tivo Otero Pedrayo sobre a realidade galega?

Unha visión idealizada ou romántica. Signup and view all the answers

Cual é a conexión entre Vicente Risco e as Irmandades?

Dirixiu a revista Nós e promoveu o nacionalismo galego. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Literature in Galicia in the Early 20th Century

The first third of the 20th century was a favorable period for the development of literature in the Galician language.
It consolidated the recovery process that began in the 19th century.

Vicente Risco (1884-1963)

Studied Law and taught History at the Ourense Teacher Training College.
A key figure in the Galician nationalist movement, he directed the magazine "Nós" and wrote extensively on Galician culture and politics.
He was a strong advocate for Galician regionalism and published his landmark work, "Theory of Galician Nationalism" in 1918.
He travelled to Germany and was influenced by the intellectual climate of Mitteleuropa, which he later analyzed in his essay "Mitteleuropa" (1933).
During the Spanish Civil War and postwar period, he supported the Franco regime, defending traditional Catholicism and opposing Marxism.
He was an advocate for an elitist society led by a spiritual aristocracy.
He believed in the importance of the “sentimento da Terra" (feeling for the land) in shaping Galician identity.
He championed a rural, patriarchal society that was not influenced by capitalism or class struggle.

Vicente Risco's Works

Short stories:
- "Do caso que lle aconteceu ao doutor Alveiros"
- "O lobo da xente"
- "A trabe de ouro e a trabe de alquitrán"
- "A Coutada"
- "Os europeos en Abrantes"
Novels:
- "O porco de pé" (1928)

"O porco de pé"

Considered one of the most innovative novels of its time.
Offers a grotesque portrayal of characters and social groups in the urban world of the 1920s.
It describes the inexplicable rise of Don Celidonio to the positions of councilman and mayor.
Don Celidonio is an animalistic symbol of the degradation of bourgeois society, where intelligence is replaced by money.
He is contrasted with Dr. Alveiros, who embodies culture, sensibility, and spirit.
Noted for its rich and varied language.

Ramón Otero Pedrayo (1888-1978)

Studied Philosophy and Letters and Law in Madrid.
Served as a professor of Geography and History until 1936 and later in the 1950s at the University of Santiago.
Active in politics during the Second Republic, he was a member of the Galician Nationalist Party and became a deputy in Parliament.
Credited with being a leading figure in the Galician cultural movement following the Civil War and was known as the "Patriarch of Galician Letters."

Ramón Otero Pedrayo's Works

Short Stories:
- "Escrito na néboa"
- "Arredor de si"
- "Devalar"
These stories feature a lack of plot, focusing instead on exploring Galician realities through biographical chronicles of the characters.
The characters are frequently idealized portraits of the author himself.
Adrián Solovio is the protagonist of the first two.
Novels:
- "Os camiños da vida"
- "A romaría de Xelmírez"
- "O mesón dos ermos"
- "Contos do camiño e da rúa"
- "O señorito da Reboraina"
His protagonists are often symbolic representations of Galician identity.
His work often offers an idealized chronicle of medieval and 19th-century Galician history.

“Os Caminhos da Vida”

It highlights the decline of the Galician aristocracy in the 19th century and the changing rural world.
It expresses nostalgia for the Old Regime and a rejection of capitalism

"A Romaría de Xelmírez"

It recounts the journey of Bishop Diego Xelmírez to Rome seeking the archbishopric.
It celebrates the cultural splendor of medieval Galicia and its connections to Europe.

"O Mesón dos Ermos”

It also depicts the decline of the aristocratic class, but this time through realistic descriptions of intrigue and characters.

"O Señorito da Reboraina"

An ironic novel about a irresponsible nobleman.
It appears to revisit situations and characters previously explored in his earlier works.
Other Works:
- “Pantelas, home livre"
- “Contos de Santos e Nadal"
- “O purgatorio de don Ramiro"
- “Entre a vendima e a castañeira"

Ramón Otero Pedrayo's Thought

He believed in the power of intuition as a method of knowledge.
He valued the role of the aristocracy in Galician society.
He adhered to pantheism, believing that the entire universe constitutes the one god.
He favored realistic narration with elements of magical realism.
He utilized macabre humor for dramatic effect.

Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao (1886-1950)

Studied Medicine.
In 1916 he moved to Pontevedra and became involved in the Galician cultural movement, "Irmandades."
With the proclamation of the Second Republic, he participated in the founding of the Galician Nationalist Party, "Partido Galeguista," and was elected as a deputy.
In 1936, he campaigned for the Statute of Autonomy for Galicia.
The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War caught him in Madrid, leading him to flee to Valencia, Barcelona, and finally into exile.
In 1940, he settled in Buenos Aires, where he became a key leader for Galician exiles.

Castelao's Characteristics and Style

Synthesis and Concentration: He aimed to achieve maximum effect with minimal means.
Macrotext: His collection of stories forms a larger narrative that reflects folk stories.
Biographic Projection: The stories incorporate the author’s life and present the historical, social, political, and ideological context of the first third of the 20th century.
Lyrical and Humorous Combinations: He blended lyrical elements (through recurring rhythmic patterns like parallelism and antitheses) with humorous ones (irony).
Protagonists: His stories feature characters from the lower classes.
Popular Language: He used popular language while presenting a model of rich and varied Galician.

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Description

Descubre a evolución da literatura galega na primeira metade do século XX, un período de consolidación e recuperación. A través da figura de Vicente Risco, explora a súa influencia na cultura, política e nacionalismo galego.