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Questions and Answers
What is typically the focus of formalist approaches to the study of literature?
What is typically the focus of formalist approaches to the study of literature?
- Character development and psychological analysis
- Plot and narrative structure (correct)
- Cultural and historical context
- Thematic and moral implications
What distinguishes a round character from a flat character in literature?
What distinguishes a round character from a flat character in literature?
- Round characters are typically more complex and differentiated. (correct)
- Round characters are less relatable than flat characters.
- Flat characters represent individual experiences.
- Flat characters lack any traits.
Which type of characterization is indicated by the term 'Everyman-figure' in medieval literature?
Which type of characterization is indicated by the term 'Everyman-figure' in medieval literature?
- A character representing a specific individual
- A character with a distinct psychological profile
- A character designed for comedic effect
- A character symbolizing vices and virtues (correct)
In what context can characters be analyzed beyond psychoanalytic methods?
In what context can characters be analyzed beyond psychoanalytic methods?
How does contemporary advertising use typified character presentations?
How does contemporary advertising use typified character presentations?
In Mark Twain's 'A True Story,' what does Aunt Rachel’s character predominantly represent?
In Mark Twain's 'A True Story,' what does Aunt Rachel’s character predominantly represent?
What does a typified character in literature often aim to represent?
What does a typified character in literature often aim to represent?
What role does setting play in multi-perspectival narratives?
What role does setting play in multi-perspectival narratives?
What was one key contribution of Roman Jakobson while he was part of the Prague Circle?
What was one key contribution of Roman Jakobson while he was part of the Prague Circle?
How did Shklovsky view realist novels in comparison to other literary forms?
How did Shklovsky view realist novels in comparison to other literary forms?
What did the Formalists aim to establish in their study of literature?
What did the Formalists aim to establish in their study of literature?
What aspect of language did the Formalists focus on in their analysis?
What aspect of language did the Formalists focus on in their analysis?
Which concept is central to understanding the value of literature according to the Formalists?
Which concept is central to understanding the value of literature according to the Formalists?
What criticism do the Formalists often have towards intrinsic formalist approaches?
What criticism do the Formalists often have towards intrinsic formalist approaches?
What is meant by 'literariness' in the context of Formalist theory?
What is meant by 'literariness' in the context of Formalist theory?
What was a key characteristic of literature as defined by the Formalists?
What was a key characteristic of literature as defined by the Formalists?
What is a key observation regarding the boundaries between literary and non-literary language?
What is a key observation regarding the boundaries between literary and non-literary language?
According to traditional views in Anglo-American literary criticism, literature is characterized as:
According to traditional views in Anglo-American literary criticism, literature is characterized as:
What implication is derived from the study of literary classics in modern foreign languages curricula?
What implication is derived from the study of literary classics in modern foreign languages curricula?
What is one characteristic of the language of literature highlighted in the provided content?
What is one characteristic of the language of literature highlighted in the provided content?
Which figure is associated with the traditional views of literature within the Anglo-American context?
Which figure is associated with the traditional views of literature within the Anglo-American context?
What question does the text pose regarding the notion of 'non-literature'?
What question does the text pose regarding the notion of 'non-literature'?
Which approach is indicated as a formalist perspective on literary language?
Which approach is indicated as a formalist perspective on literary language?
What aspect of language is implicitly defined alongside the definition of language itself?
What aspect of language is implicitly defined alongside the definition of language itself?
What is the rhyme scheme of the poem discussed in the content?
What is the rhyme scheme of the poem discussed in the content?
Which aspect of literary form is explained by generative metrics?
Which aspect of literary form is explained by generative metrics?
What does the grouping of lines in the poem demonstrate?
What does the grouping of lines in the poem demonstrate?
The content suggests that literary form can be viewed as what?
The content suggests that literary form can be viewed as what?
In what form of linguistics does the concept of 'formal multiplicity' arise as discussed?
In what form of linguistics does the concept of 'formal multiplicity' arise as discussed?
What emotional call do the repeated phrases in the poem convey?
What emotional call do the repeated phrases in the poem convey?
How is the relationship between the two interpretations of line grouping characterized?
How is the relationship between the two interpretations of line grouping characterized?
The poem's iambic pentameter suggests what kind of rhythm?
The poem's iambic pentameter suggests what kind of rhythm?
What is the main aim of poetic language according to Mukarovsky?
What is the main aim of poetic language according to Mukarovsky?
According to Shklovsky, how does art serve the viewer or reader?
According to Shklovsky, how does art serve the viewer or reader?
What aspect does Jakobson highlight as essential in poetic communication?
What aspect does Jakobson highlight as essential in poetic communication?
What distinguishes literature from advertising according to the discussed Formalist ideas?
What distinguishes literature from advertising according to the discussed Formalist ideas?
What literary device is emphasized through devices like repetition in works such as Yeats' 'Easter 1916'?
What literary device is emphasized through devices like repetition in works such as Yeats' 'Easter 1916'?
What theme is central to the Formalist perspective on poetry?
What theme is central to the Formalist perspective on poetry?
What is meant by 'foregrounding' in the context of poetic language?
What is meant by 'foregrounding' in the context of poetic language?
What aspect of language does the Czech Formalists' work particularly emphasize?
What aspect of language does the Czech Formalists' work particularly emphasize?
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Study Notes
The Language of Literature
- There are no clear boundaries between literary and non-literary uses of language.
- The language of literature is more interesting and varied than everyday language.
- Literary language is often characterized by its "literariness" and its use of language features for artistic effect.
- The "literariness" of a text can include features such as creative metaphor, unusual syntax, and marked repetitions.
- Traditional formalist approaches to the study of literature focus on the "literary" features of a text, aiming to identify what makes it characteristically literary.
Formalist Views on Literary Language
- Formalist critics argue that literary language is distinct from everyday language because it draws attention to itself.
- Formalists identify "literary features" in texts, such as foregrounding, deviant forms, and parallelism, which contribute to the text's 'literariness'.
- Some formalists, like Shklovsky, believe that in art, the object itself is less important than the way in which it is presented.
- The language of literature is often characterized by its emphasis on form, as opposed to content.
Characters in Literature
- Formalist approaches to literary study often focus on plot and narrative structure.
- Psychoanalytic approaches shift the focus to the text's characters.
- Characters in literature can be rendered as either types or individuals.
- A typified character, typically a flat character, represents a specific trait or an abstract idea.
- Round characters are more complex and multifaceted.
- Medieval allegorical depictions of characters often relied on typification to personify vices, virtues, or philosophical and religious positions.
- The "Everyman" figure, a common trope in medieval literature, represents the sinful Christian.
- Modern advertising employs typified character presentation for persuasive and didactic purposes.
Conclusion
- The study of literary language is an ongoing and complex endeavor, one that requires careful attention to the specific historical and cultural context of each text.
- The language of literature is not inherently different from other forms of language, but it is often characterized by its use of linguistic features in creative and artistic ways.
- While formalist approaches can offer valuable insights, it's important to consider multiple perspectives and approaches when analyzing literary language.
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