Literary Analysis of Southern Identity

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Questions and Answers

What opinion does Luther have about his cotton?

  • He considers it better than any other cotton around. (correct)
  • He thinks it is the best cotton in Hart County.
  • He believes it is sorry compared to others.
  • He feels it is worse than his brother's cotton.

How does James react to Luther's insistence about the cotton?

  • He agrees without hesitation. (correct)
  • He remains silent despite Luther's pressure.
  • He changes the subject entirely.
  • He argues back with equal intensity.

What is implied about the author’s feelings toward Georgia?

  • The author shares a love-hate relationship with Georgia.
  • The author has a completely positive view of Georgia.
  • The author expresses a critical attitude towards Georgia.
  • The author has ambivalent feelings but leans toward criticism. (correct)

What does the author imply about outsiders' criticisms of Georgia?

<p>They are often based on misconceptions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Georgians' identity does the author highlight through Luther’s attitude?

<p>A sense of pride in their local culture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can we infer about James's character from his response to Luther?

<p>He tends to avoid confrontation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best captures the author's attitude towards the criticisms faced by Georgians?

<p>They are often superficial and uninformed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What literary quality is the author denying claiming to possess regarding southern writers?

<p>A love-hate relationship with the state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term was historically used by colonial officials to describe critics of the colonial government?

<p>Crackers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of people does the term 'Cracker' primarily refer to in modern usage?

<p>Poor whites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Dr. Samuel Johnson's definition of a Cracker in 1755?

<p>A noisy, boasting fellow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From which ethnic background are the original Crackers thought to have descended?

<p>Scotch-Irish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sentiment did Rev. Charles Woodmason express towards the Crackers?

<p>Contempt and disgust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship did Backcountry Crackers have with their low-country detractors?

<p>Reciprocally disdainful (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What criticism was leveled at Crackers by colonial elites?

<p>They behaved in an uncouth manner. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the usage of the term Cracker over time?

<p>It has evolved from a neutral term to a derogatory one. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which colony was the only one to comply with the Stamp Act?

<p>Georgia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What faction in Georgia consisted of socially elite but out-of-power planters and merchants?

<p>Christ Church faction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary characteristic of political consensus among Georgia's leaders during the early revolutionary period?

<p>Lack of firm consensus on independence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events exemplified the struggle within Georgia's factions?

<p>The duel between Button Gwinnett and Lachlan McIntosh (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area was primarily home to the coalition opposing the defenders of the Crown?

<p>Savannah (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was noted about the organization of the conflict during the American Revolution in Georgia?

<p>A degree of organization was seldom observed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is suggested to be misleading in describing the American Revolution in Georgia?

<p>War (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the British occupation of Savannah in 1778?

<p>Further complications in local political matters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant paradox emerged in Georgia after the Revolution?

<p>Promotion of liberty alongside reliance on slavery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change did the new constitution of 1798 introduce regarding representation in the legislature?

<p>Five slaves counted as equivalent to three white constituents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was entitled to vote in Georgia by 1789?

<p>All taxpayers, including women in theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'the trail of the exiles was a trail of death' imply about the experiences of the Cherokees?

<p>Their journey was marked by suffering and loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the increasing reliance on slavery in Georgia indicate about its society?

<p>A growing acceptance of forced labor systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Georgia's governmental changes reflect the sentiment of the time?

<p>Emphasis on democratic representation and public elections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the Georgia legislature in the post-Revolutionary period reflects its social dynamics?

<p>Slavery was formally recognized in representation calculations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the increasing acknowledgment of slavery in Georgia politics suggest about the region's priorities?

<p>A prioritization of economic interests over ethical considerations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the chief arguments against the inclusion of slaves in Georgia?

<p>White settlers feared that the use of slave labor would hinder the development of Georgia as a colony and reduce opportunities for skilled workers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the settlers of Georgia believe to be the most significant challenges with the production of crops?

<p>The difficulty and danger of clearing land, maintaining crops, and working in the fields. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary source of income for the early settlers of Georgia?

<p>The cultivation of Indian corn, peas, and potatoes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year marked the introduction of slavery as a legal practice in Georgia?

<p>1750 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary argument used by those advocating against slavery in Georgia?

<p>They argued that the introduction of slavery would undermine the prospects of white settlers to find prosperity and independence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can we infer from the sentence 'they ought best to know, and most to be believed, who have made the Experiment'?

<p>The writer suggests that the people who have experienced working with slaves have the most accurate perspective on the matter. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main point of the excerpt?

<p>The passage explores the conflicting viewpoints on the use of slave labor in Georgia and its significance in shaping the colonial society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the author mentioning the Secretary to the trustees in Georgia?

<p>To provide context about the relationship between the British government and the colony. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the author suggest about how the term 'Georgian' is perceived today?

<p>It continues to hold meaning for many, though its definition may be subjective. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary argument the author makes against using the term 'average Georgian'?

<p>The term simplifies complex realities and overlooks individual differences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the historical odyssey mentioned in the text for understanding contemporary Georgia?

<p>It offers valuable insight into the origins of Georgia's unique character. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of the changing aspects of Georgian society that the author references?

<p>The increasing diversity in terms of race, ethnicity, and gender. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's perspective on the historical events of Georgia?

<p>He suggests they are a blend of positive and negative experiences that shaped the state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Georgian identity is shared by both native-born and adopted residents?

<p>A common past and shared experiences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial implication of the author's emphasis on ongoing change in Georgia?

<p>The importance of understanding the complexities of modern Georgia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's overall tone in discussing the complexities of Georgian Identity?

<p>Objective and descriptive. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Luther's cotton complaint

Luther claims his cotton is the worst in Hart County, prompting a discussion with James.

James's cautious response

James agrees with Luther’s assessment of the cotton, to avoid conflict.

Georgians' pride

Many Georgians feel defensive about their state despite complaints.

Personal experience vs. impressions

Judgments based on personal experiences are valued over outsiders' fleeting opinions.

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Love-hate relationship

A complex emotional response characterized by both affection and criticism.

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Mercurial temperament

A personality that is unpredictable or prone to sudden changes.

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Fleeting impressions

Quick and often superficial judgments based on limited experience.

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Cultural identity

The connection individuals feel to their regional background and community.

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Georgian Identity

A sense of belonging and shared history among those from Georgia.

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Diversity in Georgia

Georgia's population includes various genders and ethnicities.

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Common Past

Shared historical experiences that unite Georgians.

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Cotton Prices Curiosity

Decline in interest about cotton prices among Georgians.

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Contemporary Georgia

The modern character and personality of Georgia today.

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Historical Odyssey

The journey of significant historical events in Georgia's past.

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Self-designated Georgians

Individuals who identify as Georgians by choice or birth.

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Lifelong Residents vs Newcomers

Differences between those who always lived in Georgia and those who just arrived.

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White Servants

Laborers of European descent hired for plantation work in Georgia.

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Planting Challenges

Difficulties faced in agriculture, especially in Georgia, due to land conditions.

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Poor Returns

Low yields from crops like Indian Corn, Pease, and Potatoes in Georgia.

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Proslavery Advocates

Individuals who supported the continuation and expansion of slavery in Georgia.

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Georgia's Crop Production

Dominant crops produced in Georgia, including Indian Corn and Potatoes.

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Clearing Lands

The process of preparing land for agriculture, requiring significant effort.

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Negroes Condition

Refers to the enslaved individuals' status and conditions in Georgia.

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Colonial Protests

Opposition movements against bringing enslaved individuals into Georgia.

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Cracker

A derogatory term historically used for poor whites in Georgia.

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Pejorative

A word expressing contempt or disapproval.

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Scotch-Irish descent

Ethnic group believed to be the original Crackers.

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Dr. Samuel Johnson's definition

Defined 'Cracker' as a 'noisy, boasting fellow' in 1755.

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Backcountry Crackers

Crackers from rural areas, viewed disdainfully by elites.

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Rev. Charles Woodmason's views

Disgusted by Crackers' disruption during sermons.

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Disdainful relationship

Mutual contempt between Crackers and their critics.

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Socially superior whites

Wealthier or higher status individuals who looked down on Crackers.

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Cherokee suffering

The intense hardships faced by the Cherokee during their forced relocation.

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Georgia’s paradox

The contradiction in Georgia promoting liberty while relying on slavery.

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Voting rights in 1789

All taxpayers were entitled to vote, theoretically including women.

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Popular election in Georgia

The state’s trend towards electing officials through popular vote.

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1798 constitution changes

New formula for legislative representation favoring slaveholding counties.

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Plantation counties resurgence

Return of power to old plantation counties in Georgia.

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Spread of slavery

The expansion of slavery into Georgia's upcountry regions.

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Representation formula

Calculation for legislative representation based on slave populations.

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Georgia's compliance

Georgia was the only colony to comply with the Stamp Act.

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First Continental Congress

Georgia did not send an official delegation to this event.

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Political factions

Georgia had factions in conflict regarding independence.

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Christ Church faction

A coalition of socially elite planters and merchants opposing the Crown.

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Country faction

Non-Anglican upcountry planters and artisans in conflict with the Crown.

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Button Gwinnett

A leader of the country faction who died in a duel.

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Savannah occupation

British forces occupied Savannah in 1778, complicating the conflict.

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Nature of conflict in Georgia

The American Revolution was less organized in Georgia than implied.

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Study Notes

Book Information

  • Title: Georgia Odyssey
  • Author: James C. Cobb
  • Edition: Second
  • Publisher: University of Georgia Press
  • Year: 2008

Preface

  • The author discusses their feelings for Georgia, acknowledging both its positive and negative aspects.
  • The preface is dedicated to Thomas G. Dyer, who played a key role in the creation of the book's predecessor.

Introduction

  • Discusses President Franklin D. Roosevelt's affection for Georgia and its people.
  • Highlights the complicated relationship Georgians have had with outsiders, emphasizing a near-visceral hostility to change.

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