Listening Behavior Exam 1 (Ch 1-3)

Questions and Answers

What is the HURIER model?

A model of effective listening that involves hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, and responding.

The six components of the HURIER model are , , , , , and .

Hearing, Understanding, Interpreting, Evaluating, Remembering, Responding.

How many business errors can be attributed to poor listening?

More than 60% of errors made in business.

What is self-listening and why is it important?

Listening to our self-images as well as our thoughts and feelings to understand and listen to others with insight and sensitivity. Signup and view all the answers

How do we provide feedback to others?

We have learned to expect feedback with higher status or greater expertise. Signup and view all the answers

Why are most people poor listeners?

We want to talk and today's technology makes it harder to pay attention. Signup and view all the answers

Low Self-monitor individuals rely on themselves and their feelings to guide their behaviors, not as concerned with , and have more difficulty seeing someone else's .

social appropriateness; perspective. Signup and view all the answers

High Self-monitor individuals are concentrated with , possess emotional intelligence, and modify their behavior based on .

social appropriateness; other people's behavior. Signup and view all the answers

How does listening compare to other language skills in terms of how they are learned?

1st: Listening, 2nd: Speaking, 3rd: Reading, 4th: Writing. Signup and view all the answers

How much of effective communication is the listener responsible for?

All of it. Signup and view all the answers

What is the systems view of theories?

<ol> <li>The relational level in which you communicate with another person. 2. The individual level where you communicate as an independent system.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Are people better listeners in face-to-face or mediated communication settings?

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the relational perspective state about communication?

Relational communication focuses on face-to-face human interaction where listening and speaking occur simultaneously. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Sender = The person who originates and transmits a message Receiver = The person who receives the sender's message Encoding = The activity of choosing words and symbols to express ideas Decoding = The receiver intercepts or assigns meaning to words and symbols Signup and view all the answers

What is feedback in communication?

The receiver's response to a message. Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors that interfere with the accurate exchange of messages?

Noise. Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence our listening and how?

Innateness, Intelligence, Stress, Attitude, Gender, Culture, Organizational abilities, Channel of communication used. Signup and view all the answers

What is communication effectiveness?

The extent to which the interpretation of the receiver matches the intentions of the speaker. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different listening contexts?

Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Small group, Public, Mediated. Signup and view all the answers

What is intrapersonal communication?

Communication with oneself. Signup and view all the answers

What is interpersonal communication?

Communication between two or three people. Signup and view all the answers

What is a small group in terms of communication?

4-8 people. Signup and view all the answers

What is public communication?

Presentational where all parties see one another and are aware of each other's verbal and non-verbal behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is mediated communication?

Communication placed through some form of technology. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of listening from the International Listening Association?

Listening is the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages. Signup and view all the answers

What are some problems with the research field of listening?

Lack of theoretical framework, covert nature of the listening process, and lack of information sharing across disciplinary boundaries. Signup and view all the answers

What is auditory processing disorder (APD)?

A hearing problem affecting about 5% of school-aged children. Signup and view all the answers

What is the average person's attention span according to recent studies?

The average human being now has an attention span of eight seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What are some common signs of listening apprehension?

Physical signs include elevated blood pressure, elevated heart rate, and tight muscles; emotional signs include anxiety and frustration. Signup and view all the answers

What is appreciative listening?

A type of listening behavior where the listener seeks certain information they will appreciate. Signup and view all the answers

What is dichotic listening?

A situation where different sounds are presented to the two ears. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary level of hearing?

Hearing is voluntary, where you selectively concentrate on certain sounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the secondary level of hearing?

Involuntary processing where you remain aware of background sounds while focusing on a task. Signup and view all the answers

What is the tertiary level of hearing?

You have little control over what you hear, and the central nervous system is not involved. Signup and view all the answers

Identify the different parts of the ear.

Hammer, Eardrum, Anvil, Stirrup, Auditory Nerve, Cochlea. Signup and view all the answers

What is auditory discrimination?

The ability to recognize differences between sounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the speech thought differential?

The difference in our rate of speaking versus our rate of thinking. Signup and view all the answers

How do we combat the speech thought differential and stay focused?

Form good questions, anticipate points, mentally summarize, identify key ideas, and review information. Signup and view all the answers

What are some ways we can cope with listener anxiety?

Muscle relaxation, imagery and fantasy, mental rehearsal, deep breathing. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of sound?

Repetition, Change, Novelty, Intensity. Signup and view all the answers

Who are unborn babies' favorite musicians?

Beethoven and Vivaldi. Signup and view all the answers

Whose voice do newborns recognize after birth?

Babies can recognize their mother's voice even before birth. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

HURIER Model

HURIER model describes effective listening: involves hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, and responding.
Components of the HURIER Model: Hearing, Understanding, Interpreting, Evaluating, Remembering, Responding.

Listening Errors

Over 60% of business errors arise from poor listening skills.

Self-Listening

Self-listening involves awareness of personal thoughts and feelings to enhance understanding of others.
Important for developing insight and sensitivity in relationships.

Feedback Challenges

Effective feedback often expected from those with higher status or expertise.
Providing feedback can be challenging; indirect cues may lead to misinterpretation and defensiveness.

Listening Difficulties

Most individuals struggle with listening due to a desire to talk and the distractions of modern technology.

Self-Monitoring

Low self-monitors: rely on personal feelings, consistent behavior, less awareness of social appropriateness, difficulty in seeing others' perspectives.
High self-monitors: focus on social appropriateness, possess emotional intelligence, adept at interpreting non-verbal cues, and can adapt behavior based on the situation.

Language Skills

Listening is learned and used before speaking, reading, and writing, but teaching focus is typically on writing.

Communication Responsibility

The listener is fully responsible for effective communication.

Systems View of Theories

Emphasizes two levels: relational level between individuals and individual level of communication.

Listening Contexts

Effective listening is better achieved in face-to-face settings than mediated communication.
Different listening contexts include intrapersonal, interpersonal, small group, public, and mediated communication.

Definitions and Concepts

Listening: the process of receiving, constructing meaning, and responding to messages.
Messages consist of verbal/non-verbal symbols conveying intentions.
Feedback is the receiver's response, which can be verbal or non-verbal.

Listening Influences

Listening ability is influenced by factors such as innate traits, intelligence, stress, attitude, gender, culture, organizational skills, and medium used.

Listening Disorders

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) affects about 5% of school-aged children, more common in boys.
Symptoms include difficulty in processing auditory information coherently.

Attention Span

Average attention span has decreased to eight seconds, down from twelve seconds in 2000.

Listening Apprehension

Common physical signs include elevated heart rate, tight muscles, and difficulty breathing; emotional signs include anxiety and frustration.

Listening Styles

Appreciative listening seeks information that is enjoyable or valuable to the listener.
Dichotic listening occurs when different sounds are presented to each ear, affecting response.

Hearing Levels

Primary: Voluntary focus on specific sounds.
Secondary: Involuntary awareness of surrounding sounds.
Tertiary: Minimal control over auditory stimuli.

Sound Recognition and Characteristics

Auditory discrimination allows recognition of sound differences, essential for language comprehension.
Sound can be characterized by repetition, change, novelty, and intensity.
Unborn babies show a preference for music by composers like Beethoven and Vivaldi, and can recognize their mother’s voice shortly after birth.

Coping Strategies

To combat listener anxiety, techniques include muscle relaxation, deep breathing, and visualization practices.

Speech-Thinking Differential

There is a significant gap between speaking and thinking rates, often leading to distractions; techniques to stay focused include anticipating speaker points and summarizing key ideas.

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Description

Test your knowledge of listening behaviors and the HURIER model in this exam covering Chapters 1 to 3. Master the components of effective listening and enhance your understanding of interpersonal communication skills.