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Liquid Crystalline State (Mesophase)

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Questions and Answers

How do smectic liquid crystals differ from nematic liquid crystals?

Molecules arranged in layers (correct)

Anisotropic properties

Threadlike structure

Highly ordered molecules

What is the defining characteristic of nematic liquid crystals?

Threadlike structure (correct)

Fluidity similar to liquids

Highly ordered molecules

Random orientation of molecules

What term is used to describe the property of liquid crystals where their properties depend on the direction they are measured?

Anisotropic (correct)

Isotropic

Polymorphism

Mesomorphic

In what way do cholesteric liquid crystals differ from other types of liquid crystals?

Helical twist structure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the molecular arrangement in the mesophase state?

Long range order like crystalline solids Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of supercritical fluids allows them to effuse through solids like a gas and dissolve materials like a liquid?

High diffusivity Signup and view all the answers

'Most liquid crystal compounds exhibit polymorphism.' What does this mean in the context of liquid crystals?

They exist in multiple crystal forms Signup and view all the answers

In what way do liquid crystals in emulsions contribute to enhanced physical stability?

By being highly viscous Signup and view all the answers

Which type of liquid crystalline phase has structures believed to be similar to those in cell membranes?

Smectic liquid crystals Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a supercritical fluid according to the text?

Distinct vapor or liquid state Signup and view all the answers

How do small changes in pressure or temperature affect supercritical fluids close to the critical point?

Large changes in density and solubility Signup and view all the answers

Which liquid crystalline phase is characterized by structures that resemble those found in cell membranes?

Smectic liquid crystals Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique characteristic of cholesteric liquid crystals?

Aligned at a slight angle to one another Signup and view all the answers

How are thermotropic liquid crystals typically formed?

By heating solids Signup and view all the answers

What role can the smectic mesophase play in solubilization?

Enhance the dissolution of water-soluble materials Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can be caused by the build-up of lipids in liquid crystalline state on blood vessel walls?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of chiral nematic crystals like?

Stack of thin, two-dimensional nematic-like layers Signup and view all the answers

How do lyotropic liquid crystals typically form?

By addition of a solvent to a solid Signup and view all the answers