Liquid Crystalline State (Mesophase)
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Questions and Answers

How do smectic liquid crystals differ from nematic liquid crystals?

  • Molecules arranged in layers (correct)
  • Anisotropic properties
  • Threadlike structure
  • Highly ordered molecules
  • What is the defining characteristic of nematic liquid crystals?

  • Threadlike structure (correct)
  • Fluidity similar to liquids
  • Highly ordered molecules
  • Random orientation of molecules
  • What term is used to describe the property of liquid crystals where their properties depend on the direction they are measured?

  • Anisotropic (correct)
  • Isotropic
  • Polymorphism
  • Mesomorphic
  • In what way do cholesteric liquid crystals differ from other types of liquid crystals?

    <p>Helical twist structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the molecular arrangement in the mesophase state?

    <p>Long range order like crystalline solids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of supercritical fluids allows them to effuse through solids like a gas and dissolve materials like a liquid?

    <p>High diffusivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Most liquid crystal compounds exhibit polymorphism.' What does this mean in the context of liquid crystals?

    <p>They exist in multiple crystal forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do liquid crystals in emulsions contribute to enhanced physical stability?

    <p>By being highly viscous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of liquid crystalline phase has structures believed to be similar to those in cell membranes?

    <p>Smectic liquid crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of a supercritical fluid according to the text?

    <p>Distinct vapor or liquid state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do small changes in pressure or temperature affect supercritical fluids close to the critical point?

    <p>Large changes in density and solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which liquid crystalline phase is characterized by structures that resemble those found in cell membranes?

    <p>Smectic liquid crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique characteristic of cholesteric liquid crystals?

    <p>Aligned at a slight angle to one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are thermotropic liquid crystals typically formed?

    <p>By heating solids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role can the smectic mesophase play in solubilization?

    <p>Enhance the dissolution of water-soluble materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can be caused by the build-up of lipids in liquid crystalline state on blood vessel walls?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of chiral nematic crystals like?

    <p>Stack of thin, two-dimensional nematic-like layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do lyotropic liquid crystals typically form?

    <p>By addition of a solvent to a solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

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