22 Questions
Which fatty acid has four double bonds?
Arachidonic acid
What is the effect of increasing carbon length on a fatty acid?
Thickens the membrane and raises its melting point
Where is cervonic acid abundantly found?
Retinal photoreceptors
Which lipid class is essential for the formation and maintenance of cellular membranes?
Phospholipids
What are the breakdown products of triacylglycerols under normal conditions?
Fatty acids and glycerol
Which polar group is NOT possible in phospholipids?
Glutamine
What does increasing double bonds do to a membrane?
Makes it more flexible and lowers its melting point
What is the solubility characteristic of lipids?
Soluble in nonpolar solvents
Where is the amphipathic property of lipids useful?
In cell membrane
How are lipids classified?
Based on chemistry and chemical properties
What do fatty acids consist of?
Long chains of hydrocarbons
How does chain length affect the hydrophobicity and melting point of fatty acids?
Longer chains mean more hydrophobic and higher melting points
What influences the fluidity and melting point of fatty acids?
Degree of unsaturation and chain length
In which type of solvents do lipids associate together?
Polar solvents
What are the two factors influencing the characteristics of fatty acids?
Chain length and degree of saturation
Why does the rod outer segment membrane require a high degree of fluidity?
To facilitate visual transduction function
Which fatty acid is responsible for the high degree of fluidity in the rod outer segment membrane?
Cervonic acid
How does cervonic acid composition vary between red blood cell (RBC) and rod outer segment membranes?
Cervonic acid percent in rod outer segment is almost 6 times greater than that of RBC plasma membranes
What are isoprenoids?
Biological compounds built from 5 carbon units called isoprene
What are the structural components of cholesterol?
Cholesterol, vitamin A, and coenzyme Q
What is the contribution of cholesterol for ocular functions?
Cholesterol makes up 8% of the lipids of disc membranes
What is a chalazion?
A granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid margins
Test your knowledge on the chemical composition, solubility characteristics, amphipathic property, and major classes of lipids. Explore the components that make lipids insoluble and hydrophobic, while also being amphipathic. Learn about the significance of lipids in cell membranes.
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