Lipids Part I: Chemical Composition and Properties
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Questions and Answers

Which fatty acid has four double bonds?

  • Arachidonic acid (correct)
  • Myristic acid
  • Palmitoleic acid
  • Cervonic acid

What is the effect of increasing carbon length on a fatty acid?

  • Thickens the membrane and lowers its melting point
  • Thickens the membrane and raises its melting point (correct)
  • Makes the membrane less fluid
  • Decreases the stability of the membrane

Where is cervonic acid abundantly found?

  • Lung tissue
  • Skin cells
  • Kidneys
  • Retinal photoreceptors (correct)

Which lipid class is essential for the formation and maintenance of cellular membranes?

<p>Phospholipids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the breakdown products of triacylglycerols under normal conditions?

<p>Fatty acids and glycerol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which polar group is NOT possible in phospholipids?

<p>Glutamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does increasing double bonds do to a membrane?

<p>Makes it more flexible and lowers its melting point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solubility characteristic of lipids?

<p>Soluble in nonpolar solvents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the amphipathic property of lipids useful?

<p>In cell membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are lipids classified?

<p>Based on chemistry and chemical properties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do fatty acids consist of?

<p>Long chains of hydrocarbons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chain length affect the hydrophobicity and melting point of fatty acids?

<p>Longer chains mean more hydrophobic and higher melting points (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences the fluidity and melting point of fatty acids?

<p>Degree of unsaturation and chain length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of solvents do lipids associate together?

<p>Polar solvents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two factors influencing the characteristics of fatty acids?

<p>Chain length and degree of saturation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the rod outer segment membrane require a high degree of fluidity?

<p>To facilitate visual transduction function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fatty acid is responsible for the high degree of fluidity in the rod outer segment membrane?

<p>Cervonic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cervonic acid composition vary between red blood cell (RBC) and rod outer segment membranes?

<p>Cervonic acid percent in rod outer segment is almost 6 times greater than that of RBC plasma membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are isoprenoids?

<p>Biological compounds built from 5 carbon units called isoprene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the structural components of cholesterol?

<p>Cholesterol, vitamin A, and coenzyme Q (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contribution of cholesterol for ocular functions?

<p>Cholesterol makes up 8% of the lipids of disc membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a chalazion?

<p>A granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid margins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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