Lipid Biochemistry Quiz

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What characteristic distinguishes lipids from other biomolecules?

Consist solely of saturated fatty acids

Always derived from carbohydrates

Soluble in water

Insoluble in water, soluble in non-polar solvents (correct)

Which type of lipid is formed from the esterification of fatty acids with glycerol?

Phospholipids

Waxes

Fats (correct)

Glycolipids

What is the main role of essential fatty acids in organisms?

Formation of complex lipids exclusively

High energy value and source of vitamins (correct)

Only for signaling purposes

Source of insulation material

What type of lipid contains a carbohydrate and is derived from fatty acids?

Glycolipids Signup and view all the answers

What defines the melting point of lipids?

The percentage of saturated fatty acids and molecular weight Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes unsaturated fatty acids compared to saturated fatty acids?

They contain double bonds in their structure. Signup and view all the answers

Which fatty acid is specifically known as a precursor for prostaglandins and other lipid mediators?

Arachidonic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids?

Rancidity and potential tissue damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids?

They result in lower melting points and increased membrane fluidity. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about trans fatty acids is correct?

They are mainly produced during lipid metabolism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of triacylglycerols in the body?

They are used for energy storage. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the structure of glycerophospholipids?

They consist of a glycerol molecule bonded to a phosphate group and two fatty acids. Signup and view all the answers

What effect do lecithins have on surface tension, and why are they important for neonates?

They decrease surface tension, preventing Respiratory Distress Syndrome in neonates. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes triacylglycerols regarding their solubility and density compared to water?

They are non-polar and have a lower density than water. Signup and view all the answers

What process can triacylglycerols undergo to generate fatty acids and glycerol?

They can be hydrolyzed in alkaline conditions or by enzymatic action. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Vitamin D in relation to bones?

Helps in calcium resorption for bone health Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of rickets?

Skeletal deformities Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is indicated as a treatment for Rickets?

Rocaltrol® (Calcitriol) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is shared by sphingolipids?

They play critical roles in cell membrane structure. Signup and view all the answers

Which class of substances is known to act as hormones in organisms?

Sterols Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological impact of glycosphingolipids?

They play roles in cell recognition and signaling. Signup and view all the answers

Which components are classified as essential fatty acids?

Linoleic and linolenic acids Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of tocopherol?

Antioxidant activity Signup and view all the answers

What type of lipids are known to have ether linkages and are significant in vertebrate heart tissue?

Plasmalogens Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is released from leukocytes and is known to stimulate platelet aggregation?

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

Which component plays a crucial role in determining ABO blood types?

Glycosphingolipids Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of sterols in eukaryotic cell membranes?

Rigid steroid nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormones are eicosanoids classified as?

Paracrine hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormones lack the alkyl chain attached to the D ring of cholesterol?

Steroid hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the active form of Vitamin D3 involved in metabolism?

Calcitriol Signup and view all the answers

What type of lipids act as signaling molecules within cells, such as PIP2, DAG, and IP3?

Phospholipids Signup and view all the answers