Linear Systems and Solutions
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Questions and Answers

The city bus company carries, on average, ______ passengers daily.

3500

Each passenger pays ______ to ride the bus.

$2.25

For every ______ increase in bus fare, the company loses 50 customers.

$0.25

The farmer has enough materials for ______ meters of fencing.

<p>60</p> Signup and view all the answers

The height of the tennis shot as a function of time is expressed as ______.

<p>h = 45t - 5t^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

The maximum height of the tennis ball is found using the ______ of the equation.

<p>vertex</p> Signup and view all the answers

In solving the quadratic equation, the ______ indicates the nature of its roots.

<p>discriminant</p> Signup and view all the answers

To find the dimensions of the grassed area, the total amount of fencing is ______.

<p>20m</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertex can be found from the ______ form of a parabola.

<p>standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

To find the x-intercepts of a quadratic function, one method is ______.

<p>factoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

The maximum height of a batted ball is determined by identifying the ______ of the quadratic function.

<p>vertex</p> Signup and view all the answers

When transforming from vertex to standard form, it is sometimes referred to as ______.

<p>transformations</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common method to solve quadratic equations is the ______ formula.

<p>quadratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drawing a ______ can help visualize problems involving areas and dimensions.

<p>diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

The area of both the photo and mat backing is given as ______ square cm.

<p>210</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using the vertex form, we first determine how it changed from ______ = x.

<p>y</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ms. Johannsen has $3300 consisting of $50 bills and $______ bills.

<p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

A pole casts a shadow which is 5.6m long. The sun is at an angle of ______ to the ground.

<p>70°</p> Signup and view all the answers

To solve by ______, you match coefficients, add or subtract, solve, substitute, and solve again.

<p>elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

Town B is 8km directly ______ of town A.

<p>North</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equation y = 2x + 5, the slope is ______.

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

The angle of depression from the top of a 150m cliff to a ship in the sea is ______°.

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

When solving systems, a ______ is the point where two lines intersect.

<p>POI</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ms. Gardner invested $9000, combining low risk bonds yielding ______% per year.

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

A triangle has angles of 110°, 40° and ______°.

<p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertical radio tower is held in position by a wire which is ______m long.

<p>48</p> Signup and view all the answers

The elimination method works best when the coefficients are easy to ______.

<p>match</p> Signup and view all the answers

Brooke can see the top of a nearby building at an angle of elevation of ______°.

<p>50</p> Signup and view all the answers

In solving by substitution, the steps are isolate, substitute, solve, ______, and solve again.

<p>substitute</p> Signup and view all the answers

A golfer hits her ball a distance of ______m so that it finishes 31m from the hole.

<p>127</p> Signup and view all the answers

To classify systems, you analyze the slopes and ______ of the equations.

<p>y-intercepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two scouts travel 3.7km on a bearing of ______°T.

<p>140</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation of a line can be represented as 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + ______

<p>b</p> Signup and view all the answers

To find the distance between two points A(-3, 4) and B(-8, 10), you use the ______ formula.

<p>distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

To determine if a triangle is right-angled, you can use the ______ theorem.

<p>Pythagorean</p> Signup and view all the answers

A quadrilateral TUNE with vertices T(0, 10), U(4, 2), N(−2, −1), and E(−6, 7) can be classified as a ______.

<p>trapezoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

The midpoint between two points can be found using the ______ formula.

<p>midpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation of the median of a triangle passes through a vertex and the ______ of the opposite side.

<p>midpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shortest distance from a point to a line is represented by a ______ line.

<p>perpendicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula for a circle with its center at the origin is ______.

<p>x^2 + y^2 = r^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

The destroyer sails 25km on a bearing of ______°T.

<p>040</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cruiser sails 30km on a bearing of ______°T.

<p>320</p> Signup and view all the answers

Competitors run 230m directly ______ to point B.

<p>North</p> Signup and view all the answers

They cycle 260m from point C directly to point ______.

<p>A</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bearing of C from A has been recorded as ______°T.

<p>074</p> Signup and view all the answers

In factored form, a quadratic looks like ______.

<p>(x - p)(x - q)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertex form of a quadratic is represented as ______.

<p>y = a(x - h)² + k</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standard form of a quadratic generally looks like ______.

<p>ax² + bx + c</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Perpendicular Bisector

The line that cuts a line segment in half and is perpendicular to it.

Median of a triangle

The line segment that connects a vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side.

Altitude of a triangle

The line segment that is perpendicular to a side of a triangle and passes through the opposite vertex.

Shortest distance from a point to a line

The shortest distance from a point to a line is always the perpendicular distance.

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Perpendicular Lines

A line that has a slope that is the negative reciprocal of another line.

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Midpoint of a line segment

The midpoint of a line segment is the point that is exactly halfway between the two endpoints.

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Distance between two points

The distance between two points is the length of the line segment that connects them.

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Equation of a circle

The equation of a circle with center (h, k) and radius r is ( x - h )^2 + ( y - k )^2 = r ^2 .

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Angle of Elevation

The angle formed between a horizontal line and the line of sight to an object above the horizontal line.

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Angle of Depression

The angle formed between a horizontal line and the line of sight to an object below the horizontal line.

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True Bearing

A bearing measured clockwise from North, expressed as an angle between 000° and 360°.

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Direct Distance

The distance between two points measured along a straight line.

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Trigonometric Word Problem

A problem where the objective is to find unknown quantities using trigonometric ratios and the properties of triangles.

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Sine (sin)

The ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.

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Cosine (cos)

The ratio of the adjacent Side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.

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Classifying Linear Systems

A linear system can have one solution, no solutions, or infinite solutions.

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Tangent (tan)

The ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side in a right triangle.

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Solving Linear Systems by Graphing

To solve a linear system by graphing, first graph each equation separately. The point where the lines intersect is the solution to the system.

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Solving Linear Systems by Substitution

To solve a linear system by substitution, isolate one variable in one equation, substitute that expression into the other equation, solve for the remaining variable, then substitute the value back to find the other variable.

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Solving Linear Systems by Elimination

To solve a linear system by elimination, match the coefficients of one variable in both equations, add or subtract the equations to eliminate that variable, solve for the remaining variable, then substitute the value back to find the other variable.

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Applications of Linear Systems

Linear systems can be used to model real-world scenarios with two unknowns, such as mixture problems (blending different concentrations) or investment problems (finding the amount invested in each type of investment).

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No Solutions in Linear Systems

If the slopes of two lines are the same but the y-intercepts are different, the system has no solutions. This corresponds to parallel lines.

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Infinite Solutions in Linear Systems

If the slopes of two lines are the same and the y-intercepts are the same, the system has infinite solutions. This corresponds to the same line.

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One Solution in Linear Systems

If the slopes of two lines are different, the system has one solution. This corresponds to intersecting lines.

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Expanding Binomials

The process of multiplying two binomials together, where each term in the first binomial is multiplied by each term in the second binomial.

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Factoring Quadratics

The process of rewriting an expression as a product of its factors. In the context of quadratics, it involves finding two binomials that multiply to give the original quadratic expression.

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Vertex Form of a Quadratic

A quadratic equation in the form (x - h)² + k = 0, where (h, k) represents the vertex of the parabola.

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Standard Form of a Quadratic

A quadratic equation in the form ax² + bx + c = 0.

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Factored Form of a Quadratic

A quadratic equation expressed as the product of two linear factors. It can be written as (ax + b)(cx + d) = 0

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Transforming Between Quadratic Forms

The process of converting a quadratic equation from one form to another.

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Standard to Vertex

A method of converting a quadratic equation from standard form (ax^2 + bx + c) to vertex form (a(x-h)^2 + k) by completing the square.

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Factored to Vertex

A method of finding the vertex of a parabola from its factored form (a(x-r)(x-s)) by finding the midpoint of the roots (x-intercepts).

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Solving by Factoring

The process of finding the x-intercepts (also known as roots, zeros, or solutions) of a quadratic equation by setting it equal to zero and factoring the expression.

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Quadratic Formula

A formula used to find the x-intercepts of a quadratic equation in standard form (ax^2 + bx + c = 0).

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Vertex of a Parabola

The highest or lowest point on the graph of a parabola, which represents the maximum or minimum value of the quadratic function.

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Factoring a Quadratic Expression

The process of breaking down a quadratic expression into two linear expressions whose product is equal to the original expression.

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X-Intercepts/Roots/Zeros

The points where the graph of a function intersects the x-axis.

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Standard Form of a Quadratic Equation

The standard form of a quadratic equation is ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are constants.

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How many roots does a quadratic equation have?

The discriminant of a quadratic equation (ax² + bx + c = 0) is b² - 4ac. If the discriminant is positive, there are two distinct real roots. If the discriminant is zero, there is one real root (a double root). If the discriminant is negative, there are no real roots (two complex roots).

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What's the quadratic formula and why is it useful?

The quadratic formula, x = [-b ± √(b² - 4ac)] / 2a, provides the solutions to the quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0. This formula is useful when factoring is not straightforward.

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What is the vertex form of a quadratic equation?

Vertex form: y = a(x - h)² + k. In this form, (h, k) represents the vertex of the parabola. The vertex form of a quadratic equation highlights its key features, such as the vertex and direction of opening.

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How do you determine the direction of opening of a parabola?

The direction of opening of a parabola is determined by the coefficient 'a' in the equation. If 'a' is positive, the parabola opens upwards. If 'a' is negative, the parabola opens downwards.

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How do you find the y-intercept of a parabola?

The y-intercept is the point where the parabola crosses the y-axis. To find it, set x = 0 in the equation and solve for y.

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How do you find the zeros/roots of a parabola?

The zeros/roots of a parabola are the points where the parabola intersects the x-axis. To find them, set y = 0 in the equation and solve for x.

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What is the axis of symmetry of a parabola?

The axis of symmetry of a parabola is a vertical line that divides the parabola into two symmetrical halves. It passes through the vertex. The equation of the axis of symmetry is x = h, where (h, k) is the vertex.

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What is the vertex of a parabola?

The vertex of a parabola is the highest or lowest point on the graph, depending on the direction of opening. In vertex form, the vertex is (h, k).

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Study Notes

Linear Systems

  • Classifying systems: Linear systems can have one solution, no solutions, or infinitely many solutions. Identifying the type of solution depends on whether the lines are parallel, coincident, or intersecting.

  • Solving by graphing: Graphing linear equations allows visualizing the point of intersection (POI). Graphing requires determining the slope and y-intercept to plot the lines accurately. Accurately plotting lines is critical to finding the POI.

  • Solving by substitution: Isolating a variable in one equation, substituting it into the other equation, and then solving for the variables. Repeated substitution and solution steps will determine the POI.

  • Solving by elimination: Matching coefficients of variables in both equations, adding or subtracting the equations to eliminate a variable, then substituting the result into one original equation to find the other variable. Consistent application of the method will reveal the solution's POI.

Applications

  • Interest problems: Calculating interest earned on investments with different interest rates and amounts. Algebraic methods will solve for the investments.

  • Concentration problems: Determining the quantity of different components (e.g., different bills). Algebraic methods are used to find the unknown quantities

Analytic Geometry

  • Finding equation of a line: Calculating equations of lines using given points and slopes. The equations can be written in the form y = mx + b or Ax + By = C

  • Working with perpendicular lines: Understanding the relationship between slopes of perpendicular lines. Perpendicular lines have negative reciprocal slopes.

  • Midpoint between two points: Calculating midpoint using the formula. The formula involves averaging x and y coordinates.

  • Distance between two points: Calculating the distance using the distance formula. This formula uses x and y coordinates.

  • Classifying triangles: Identifying different triangle types by evaluating sides and angles. Classifying triangles involves criteria such as equal sides and angles.

Classifying Quadrilaterals

  • Identifying properties of different quadrilaterals: Various quadrilaterals (squares, rectangles, rhombi, kites, parallelograms, trapezoids). Specific properties define these quadrilaterals.

  • Perpendicular Bisector: Calculating the equation of a line that cuts a segment in half at a 90-degree angle. The perpendicular bisector formula uses the midpoint and slope of the given line segment.

Triangles

  • Median: A line segment connecting a vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side. Calculating midpoint is critical to finding the median equation.

  • Altitude: A line segment from a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side (or its extension). Calculating altitudes involves determining the equation of a line segment perpendicular to the base.

Shortest Distance from a Point to a Line

  • Calculating the shortest distance: The shortest distance between a point and a line is the length of the perpendicular segment from the point to the line.

Circles

  • Equation of a circle: Determine the equation of circles. Identifying centers and radii is critical to determining the circle equation

Trigonometry

  • Pythagorean Theorem: The relationship between sides in a right-angled triangle (a² + b² = c²).

  • Similar Triangles: Recognizing and using similar triangles to solve problems. Identifying similar shapes, evaluating ratios of sides and using similarity to solve.

  • Primary Trigonometric Ratios (SOH CAH TOA): The ratios of sides in right triangles. Identifying and using sine, cosine, and tangent ratios.

  • Sine Law: Useful for finding unknown sides or angles in triangles with at least one given angle and its opposite side.

  • Cosine Law: Useful for finding unknown sides or angles in triangles with at least three given sides or two sides and the included angle .

  • Area of a Triangle: Calculating areas of triangles using different formulas (base x height / 2) or using the SAS formula (half the product of two sides and the sine of the included angle).

  • Applications: Using trigonometry to solve practical word problems (e.g., finding heights, distances, angles of elevation and depression).

Solutions to Quadratic Equations

  • By Factoring: Solving quadratic equations by factoring. Factoring involves recognizing common factors and using special products.

  • Using the Quadratic Formula: Solving quadratic equations using the quadratic formula. Formula: x = (-b ± √(b²-4ac))/2a

  • Applications of Solutions to Quadratic Equations: Real-life problems solvable with quadratic equations. Appropriate situations and application contexts.

Forms of a Quadratic

  • Factored Form: y = a(x - m)(x - n). Understanding how the factored form represents roots/zeros/x-intercepts.

  • Vertex Form: y = a(x - h)²+k. Understanding how the vertex form represents the vertex (h, k)

  • Standard Form: y = ax² + bx + c. Understanding how the standard form represents the quadratic expression without factorization.

Transformations of Quadratics

  • Identify and describe transformations of quadratics. Reflecting, stretching, compressing, and shifting parabolas.

  • Finding the Vertex: Finding the vertex using the formula x = -b/2a.

Calculator Steps

  • Calculator functions for quadratic functions and equations.

Quadratics Word Problems

  • Using quadratic equations to model and solve real-world problems. Identifying and applying mathematical models appropriately to the scenario in question.

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This quiz covers the classification of linear systems and methods for solving them, including graphing, substitution, and elimination. Understand how to identify the type of solution and accurately find points of intersection. Test your knowledge on these essential algebraic techniques.

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