Linear Equations: Parallel, Perpendicular, Inverse

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following equations represents the inverse of the function $f(x) = 6x - 3$?

  • $f^{-1}(x) = rac{1}{6}x + rac{1}{2}$ (correct)
  • $f^{-1}(x) = rac{1}{6}x - rac{1}{3}$
  • $f^{-1}(x) = -6x + 3$
  • $f^{-1}(x) = - rac{1}{6}x - rac{1}{2}$

Which line is perpendicular to $y = - rac{3}{4}x + 2$?

  • $y = rac{3}{4}x - 2$
  • $y = - rac{3}{4}x - 5$
  • $y = - rac{4}{3}x + 3$
  • $y = rac{4}{3}x + 1$ (correct)

Which line is parallel to $y = -7x + 5$?

  • $y = 7x - 5$
  • $y = -\frac{1}{7}x - 2$
  • $y = -7x - 2$ (correct)
  • $y = \frac{1}{7}x + 5$

A line parallel to $y = 5x - 3$ passes through the point $(2, 7)$. What is its equation in slope-intercept form?

<p>$y = 5x - 7$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A line perpendicular to $y = -2x + 1$ passes through the point $(-4, 3)$. Give its equation in slope-intercept form.

<p>$y = \frac{1}{2}x + 5$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A line has a slope of -2 and passes through the point (4, -5). Express this line in point-slope form.

<p>$(y + 5) = -2(x - 4)$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the points (1, -1) and (3, 3), determine the slope (m) and y-intercept (b) of the line that passes through them.

<p>m = 2, b = -3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A taxi charges an initial fee of $4.00 plus $2.50 per mile. Write an equation in slope-intercept form to model the total cost, y, for x miles.

<p>$y = 2.5x + 4$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Inverse of a Function

A function's inverse undoes the original function's operation.

Perpendicular Line

A line perpendicular to another has a slope that is the negative reciprocal.

Parallel Line

A line parallel to another has the same slope.

Point-Slope Form

Equation: y - y₁ = m(x - x₁); uses a point and slope.

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Slope and Y-Intercept

m = slope (rise/run); b = y-intercept (where line crosses y-axis).

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Slope-Intercept Model

y = mx + b models a situation with a starting value (b) and constant rate (m).

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Point-Slope Formula

The equation of a line is expressed as (y - y₁) = m(x - x₁)

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Point-Slope Components

Given the point-slope equation, extract the slope and the point the line passes through.

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Study Notes

  • These notes cover linear equations, point-slope form, slope-intercept form, parallel and perpendicular lines, and inverse functions

Finding the Inverse of a Function

  • To find the inverse of the function f(x) = -4x + 2, it is f⁻¹(x) = -x/4 + ½.

Perpendicular and Parallel Lines Equations

Perpendicular

  • Determine which line is perpendicular to y = (1/5)x
  • The perpendicular line is y = -5x + 1.

Parallel

  • Find the line parallel to y = (2/5)x + 2.
  • The parallel line is y = (2/5)x + 2 as parallel lines will always have the same slope

Equation Forms

Parallel Equation

  • For a line parallel to y = (1/3)x + 2 passing through (3, -2)
  • The equation is y = (1/3)x - 3.
  • Parallel lines have the same slope.

Perpendicular Equation

  • Determine a line perpendicular to y = (1/3)x + 2 through (3, -2):
  • It is y = -3x + 7
  • Line slope becomes the negative reciprocal.

Point-Slope Form

  • For a line through (8, 33) with a slope of 3:
  • Formula y -y₁ = m(x - x₁)
  • The equation is (y - 33) = 3(x - 8)

Slope-Intercept Form

  • General Formula: y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
  • Given points (2, 4) and (-4, 1), the equation of the line is:
  • y = (1/2)x + 3
  • For a movie theater popcorn cost, where refills are $2.50 and the initial bucket is $3.50:
  • The total cost equation is y = 2.5x + 3.5
  • For point (5, -2) with a slope of 4.
  • The equation is y = 4x - 22
  • Slope-intercept form given (y - 12) = -2(x + 4):
  • The equation of the line, is y = -2x - 20

Point-Slope Equation Details

  • For the equation y + 3 = 4(x + 7):
  • m = 4, x₁ = -7, and y₁ = -3
  • Given points (3, 2) and (1, -2) write an equation:
  • The equation is (y - 2) = 2(x - 3)

Inverse Functions

  • Select ordered pairs that are the inverse of the function: {(1, 1), (–½, 2), (7, 3)}
  • Select the three ordered pairs showing the inverse of the relation on the graph: (-3, -2), (-2, 0), and (-1, 2)

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