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Questions and Answers
Who immediately moved to work toward a period of Presidential Reconstruction after Lincoln's approach?
Who immediately moved to work toward a period of Presidential Reconstruction after Lincoln's approach?
- Andrew Johnson (correct)
- James Buchanan
- Abraham Lincoln
- Ulysses S. Grant
What enraged Radical Republicans regarding President Johnson's actions?
What enraged Radical Republicans regarding President Johnson's actions?
- Election of 1866
- Support for Black citizens
- Moderate approach to pardons
- Expansion of unpopular provisions (correct)
What was at the cornerstone of Radical Republican efforts surrounding Reconstruction?
What was at the cornerstone of Radical Republican efforts surrounding Reconstruction?
- Economic prosperity for Southern states
- Political equality for Black citizens (correct)
- Presidential authority
- Separation of powers
When was the battle between Presidential Reconstruction and Radical Reconstruction settled?
When was the battle between Presidential Reconstruction and Radical Reconstruction settled?
What majorities did Radical Republicans gain in both the House and the Senate in the election of 1866?
What majorities did Radical Republicans gain in both the House and the Senate in the election of 1866?
What new period did the election of 1866 usher in?
What new period did the election of 1866 usher in?
Why did Radical Republicans have the ability to overcome a presidential veto after the election of 1866?
Why did Radical Republicans have the ability to overcome a presidential veto after the election of 1866?
'Presidential Reconstruction' was a term used to describe which President's approach?
'Presidential Reconstruction' was a term used to describe which President's approach?
'Radical Reconstruction' aimed at what key aspect in terms of Black citizens?
'Radical Reconstruction' aimed at what key aspect in terms of Black citizens?
Which of the following best describes President Andrew Johnson's approach to Reconstruction?
Which of the following best describes President Andrew Johnson's approach to Reconstruction?
What was the primary point of contention between President Johnson and Radical Republicans during Reconstruction?
What was the primary point of contention between President Johnson and Radical Republicans during Reconstruction?
What was the significance of the election of 1866 for Radical Republicans?
What was the significance of the election of 1866 for Radical Republicans?
How did the election of 1866 impact the balance of power in Congress?
How did the election of 1866 impact the balance of power in Congress?
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Presidential Reconstruction and Radical Reconstruction?
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Presidential Reconstruction and Radical Reconstruction?
When was the battle between Presidential Reconstruction and Radical Reconstruction ultimately resolved?
When was the battle between Presidential Reconstruction and Radical Reconstruction ultimately resolved?
Which of the following statements about Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan is true, according to the passage?
Which of the following statements about Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan is true, according to the passage?
Which President initiated the period of Presidential Reconstruction?
Which President initiated the period of Presidential Reconstruction?
What was the primary goal of Radical Republicans during Reconstruction, according to the passage?
What was the primary goal of Radical Republicans during Reconstruction, according to the passage?
Which of the following statements is true about the election of 1866?
Which of the following statements is true about the election of 1866?
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Study Notes
Lincoln's Plan for Reconstruction
- Proposed in December 1863, nearly two years before the end of the Civil War
- Aimed to speed up the reunification process and "bind up the nation's wounds"
- Required 10% of a state's 1860 electorate to swear an oath of loyalty to the Union for the state to start the process of reunification
Provisions of Lincoln's Plan
- Abolition of slavery would be required in each state's constitution
- Delegates would be elected to form new state governments
- Full pardons would be granted to former Confederate soldiers and their property rights would be protected
- Military governors would be installed in conquered states to help shape the policies of the Ten Percent Plan
Loyalty Oaths
- 10% of the voting population of 1860 had to sign an oath of loyalty to the Union for a state to start the process of reunification
- The 10% standard was based on eligible voters according to the rolls of the most recent presidential election (1860)
State Constitutions
- States would have a subsequent election to elect delegates to pen new state constitutions
- New state constitutions would reestablish them as states in the Union
- Abolition of slavery would be required in each state's constitution
The Freedmen's Bureau
- Established on March 3, 1865, through action in Congress
- Tasked with providing food, shelter, medical assistance, employment aid, and education to freedmen and poverty-stricken white citizens
- Primary goal was to help freedmen find work, with local offices set up to assist with this process
Response to Lincoln's Plan
- Initially popular among Northern newspapers and many Republicans
- Received criticism from Radical Republicans who thought it was too lenient towards the South
- Wade-Davis Bill was passed by Congress but vetoed by Lincoln using a pocket veto
Legacy and Reconstruction
- Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan did not last after his assassination
- President Andrew Johnson expanded on some provisions of the plan and enraged Radical Republicans
- The election of 1866 marked a new period of Reconstruction-era, with Radical Republicans gaining majorities in both the House and Senate
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