Light Sources: Incandescent and Fluorescent Lamps
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Questions and Answers

What is responsible for regulating the current flow through the fluorescent lamp?

  • Inductor
  • Diode
  • Resistor
  • Ballast (correct)

    • Why do larger tubes require a substantial voltage to start the arc?

  • They have more electrodes
  • They contain a different gas mixture
  • The mercury atoms need to be ionized (correct)
  • They have a higher resistance

    • What is used in preheat lamps to preheat the filaments before striking the arc?

  • Resistor
  • Capacitor
  • Combination filament/cathode (correct)
  • Inductor

    • Which component is used for power factor correction in fluorescent lamps?

    <p>Capacitor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for altering mains voltage frequency into high-frequency AC for fluorescent lamps?

    <p>Transistor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is used for the envelope of germicidal lamps that produce unfiltered ultraviolet glow?

    <p>Fused quartz (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fluorescent lamps equipped with a capacitor?

    <p>For power factor correction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes lamps that use a filament/cathode at each end in conjunction with a preheating mechanism?

    <p>Preheat lamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an incandescent light bulb produce light?

    <p>By passing an electric current through a thin filament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the enclosing glass bulb serve in an incandescent light bulb?

    <p>Prevents oxygen from reaching the filament (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term used to refer to incandescent bulbs?

    <p>Electric lamps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of current can incandescent lamps work well on?

    <p>Alternating current and direct current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the wide use of incandescent lamps in household and commercial lighting?

    <p>Low manufacturing cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inventor was issued U.S. Patent #223898 for the Electric Lamp in 1880?

    <p>Thomas Edison (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the notation FC##T# for circular bulbs represent?

    <p>Diameter of the circle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of power sources are compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) produced for?

    <p>Both AC and DC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which color is usually indicated by the abbreviation EW for fluorescent lamps?

    <p>Warm white (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are DC CFLs popular for use?

    <p>Recreational vehicles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lamps are typically labeled BLB and used in bug zappers?

    <p>Blacklight-blue lamps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do some families in developing countries use to power DC CFLs instead of kerosene lanterns?

    <p>Wind generators (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historical figure invented the predecessor to the modern compact fluorescent lamp (CFL)?

    <p>Peter Cooper Hewitt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average rated lifespan of a CFL compared to incandescent lamps?

    <p>8-15 times longer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common color represented by the abbreviation CW for fluorescent lamps?

    <p>Cool white (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) from an incandescent lamp?

    <p>Use of a ballast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hours is the rated lifespan of typical CFLs within?

    <p>6,000-15,000 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lamp is denoted by the abbreviation BL and commonly used in nightclubs?

    <p>&quot;Blacklight&quot; lamps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a measure used to compare the energy efficiency of different types of light bulbs?

    <p>Lumens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical efficiency range of a CFL in converting electric power to radiant power?

    <p>17-21% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the spiral-type compact fluorescent lamp slightly less efficient compared to tubular fluorescent lamps?

    <p>Due to a thicker layer of phosphor on the twist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the output of lamps commonly measured in lumens?

    <p>To account for eye sensitivity to wavelength changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical luminous efficacy of CFL sources?

    <p>60 to 72 lumens per watt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In comparison, what is the luminous efficacy range for incandescent lamps?

    <p>8 to 17 lm/W (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one drawback of CFLs when compared to incandescent bulbs in terms of starting time?

    <p>They take longer to achieve full brightness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the shorter life of CFLs when turned on and off for short periods?

    <p>Frequent cycling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lamp uses a radio-frequency oscillator to excite mercury vapor?

    <p>Electrodeless lamp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFLs) from traditional CFLs?

    <p>Higher voltage and lower current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the environmental benefits of using compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)?

    <p>Less consumption of power compared to incandescent lamps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the size of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) sometimes an issue?

    <p>The larger size may not fit well in existing light fixtures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might accompany the failure of the electronic ballast in a CFL?

    <p>Distinctive smell or odors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do CFLs offset the higher energy consumption during their manufacturing phase?

    <p>By lasting longer and using less energy than incandescent lamps over their lifespan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary objective of compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) design?

    <p>High durability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do CFLs help reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>By using less power to provide the same amount of light as incandescent lamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might high output CFLs be larger than their incandescent equivalents?

    <p>Due to phosphor surface area proportionality with light output (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue might be experienced when the electronic ballast in a CFL fails?

    <p>Distinctive odors or smoke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who invented the modern CFL in response to the 1973 oil crisis?

    <p>Ed Hammer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company did George Inman team with to create a practical fluorescent lamp?

    <p>General Electric (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important technical advance in CFLs mentioned in the text?

    <p>Replacement of electromagnetic ballasts with electronic ballasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who patented a high pressure vapor lamp in 1927?

    <p>Friedrich Meyer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of a CFL emits ultraviolet light when an electrical current flows through it?

    <p>Gas-filled tube (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lamps have two main parts: gas-filled tube and ballast?

    <p>Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the fate of General Electric's invention of the modern CFL due to cost reasons?

    <p>It was shelved by GE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phosphor coating do inside a gas-filled tube of a CFL?

    <p>Emits visible light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a fluorescent lamp convert electrical energy into radiant energy?

    <p>By emitting ultraviolet photons when an electron jumps to a higher energy level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Heinrich Geissler's contribution to the development of the fluorescent lamp?

    <p>Creating a mercury vacuum pump (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental process for converting electrical energy into radiant energy in a fluorescent lamp?

    <p>Incident free electron transfers energy to the atom's outer electron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What early observation led to advancements in the development of the fluorescent lamp?

    <p>A radiant glow in glass vessels with an electrical current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the instability of a higher energy state have on an atom in a fluorescent lamp?

    <p>It emits an ultraviolet photon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facilitated the observation of a strong green glow in Geissler tubes when an electrical current passed through?

    <p>Creation of a mercury vacuum pump (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the fluorescent lamp is the radiant green glow observed?

    <p>&quot;On the walls of the tube at the cathode end&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for incident free electrons to transfer energy to an atom's outer electron in a fluorescent lamp?

    <p>&quot;A higher energy state that is unstable&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lamps have a reflective coating inside the bulb to direct light forward?

    <p>Multifaceted Reflector (MR) lamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bulb puts approximately double the amount of light on the front central area as General Service bulbs of the same wattage?

    <p>Reflector (R) bulbs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of lighting fixtures are Parabolic Aluminized Reflector (PAR) bulbs commonly used?

    <p>Outdoor spot and flood fixtures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the number in a PAR bulb's name, such as PAR 30 or PAR 38?

    <p>The diameter of the bulb in 1/8s of an inch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the increase in voltage across the lamp for easy starting in fluorescent lamps?

    <p>Capacitor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compared to incandescent lamps, what is a major advantage of fluorescent lamps in terms of luminous efficacy?

    <p>Lower power consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential health and safety issue associated with fluorescent lamps if they break?

    <p>Mercury contamination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the ballast required in fluorescent lamps?

    <p>To stabilize current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the luminosity of a fluorescent tube compared to an incandescent lamp?

    <p>Smaller light source (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When operated for several hours, approximately how much longer can a fluorescent lamp last compared to an equivalent incandescent lamp?

    <p>~10-20 times longer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of heat emission, how does the heat produced by fluorescent lamps compare to an equivalent installation of incandescent lamps?

    <p>~50-60% less heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the inductor in conjunction with the capacitor in a fluorescent lamp?

    <p>Limit current flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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