72 Questions
What is responsible for regulating the current flow through the fluorescent lamp?
Ballast
Why do larger tubes require a substantial voltage to start the arc?
The mercury atoms need to be ionized
What is used in preheat lamps to preheat the filaments before striking the arc?
Combination filament/cathode
Which component is used for power factor correction in fluorescent lamps?
Capacitor
What is responsible for altering mains voltage frequency into high-frequency AC for fluorescent lamps?
Transistor
What material is used for the envelope of germicidal lamps that produce unfiltered ultraviolet glow?
Fused quartz
Why are fluorescent lamps equipped with a capacitor?
For power factor correction
Which term describes lamps that use a filament/cathode at each end in conjunction with a preheating mechanism?
Preheat lamps
How does an incandescent light bulb produce light?
By passing an electric current through a thin filament
What function does the enclosing glass bulb serve in an incandescent light bulb?
Prevents oxygen from reaching the filament
What is another term used to refer to incandescent bulbs?
Electric lamps
Which type of current can incandescent lamps work well on?
Alternating current and direct current
What is the primary reason for the wide use of incandescent lamps in household and commercial lighting?
Low manufacturing cost
Which inventor was issued U.S. Patent #223898 for the Electric Lamp in 1880?
Thomas Edison
What does the notation FC##T# for circular bulbs represent?
Diameter of the circle
What type of power sources are compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) produced for?
Both AC and DC
Which color is usually indicated by the abbreviation EW for fluorescent lamps?
Warm white
Where are DC CFLs popular for use?
Recreational vehicles
What type of lamps are typically labeled BLB and used in bug zappers?
Blacklight-blue lamps
What do some families in developing countries use to power DC CFLs instead of kerosene lanterns?
Wind generators
Which historical figure invented the predecessor to the modern compact fluorescent lamp (CFL)?
Peter Cooper Hewitt
What is the average rated lifespan of a CFL compared to incandescent lamps?
8-15 times longer
What is the most common color represented by the abbreviation CW for fluorescent lamps?
Cool white
What distinguishes a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) from an incandescent lamp?
Use of a ballast
How many hours is the rated lifespan of typical CFLs within?
6,000-15,000 hours
Which type of lamp is denoted by the abbreviation BL and commonly used in nightclubs?
"Blacklight" lamps
What is a measure used to compare the energy efficiency of different types of light bulbs?
Lumens
What is the typical efficiency range of a CFL in converting electric power to radiant power?
17-21%
Why is the spiral-type compact fluorescent lamp slightly less efficient compared to tubular fluorescent lamps?
Due to a thicker layer of phosphor on the twist
Why is the output of lamps commonly measured in lumens?
To account for eye sensitivity to wavelength changes
What is the typical luminous efficacy of CFL sources?
60 to 72 lumens per watt
In comparison, what is the luminous efficacy range for incandescent lamps?
8 to 17 lm/W
What is one drawback of CFLs when compared to incandescent bulbs in terms of starting time?
They take longer to achieve full brightness
What contributes to the shorter life of CFLs when turned on and off for short periods?
Frequent cycling
Which type of lamp uses a radio-frequency oscillator to excite mercury vapor?
Electrodeless lamp
What distinguishes Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFLs) from traditional CFLs?
Higher voltage and lower current
What is one of the environmental benefits of using compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)?
Less consumption of power compared to incandescent lamps
Why is the size of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) sometimes an issue?
The larger size may not fit well in existing light fixtures
What might accompany the failure of the electronic ballast in a CFL?
Distinctive smell or odors
How do CFLs offset the higher energy consumption during their manufacturing phase?
By lasting longer and using less energy than incandescent lamps over their lifespan
What is a primary objective of compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) design?
High durability
How do CFLs help reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
By using less power to provide the same amount of light as incandescent lamps
Why might high output CFLs be larger than their incandescent equivalents?
Due to phosphor surface area proportionality with light output
What issue might be experienced when the electronic ballast in a CFL fails?
Distinctive odors or smoke
Who invented the modern CFL in response to the 1973 oil crisis?
Ed Hammer
Which company did George Inman team with to create a practical fluorescent lamp?
General Electric
What is the most important technical advance in CFLs mentioned in the text?
Replacement of electromagnetic ballasts with electronic ballasts
Who patented a high pressure vapor lamp in 1927?
Friedrich Meyer
What part of a CFL emits ultraviolet light when an electrical current flows through it?
Gas-filled tube
Which type of lamps have two main parts: gas-filled tube and ballast?
Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)
What was the fate of General Electric's invention of the modern CFL due to cost reasons?
It was shelved by GE
What does the phosphor coating do inside a gas-filled tube of a CFL?
Emits visible light
How does a fluorescent lamp convert electrical energy into radiant energy?
By emitting ultraviolet photons when an electron jumps to a higher energy level
What was Heinrich Geissler's contribution to the development of the fluorescent lamp?
Creating a mercury vacuum pump
What is the fundamental process for converting electrical energy into radiant energy in a fluorescent lamp?
Incident free electron transfers energy to the atom's outer electron
What early observation led to advancements in the development of the fluorescent lamp?
A radiant glow in glass vessels with an electrical current
What effect does the instability of a higher energy state have on an atom in a fluorescent lamp?
It emits an ultraviolet photon
What facilitated the observation of a strong green glow in Geissler tubes when an electrical current passed through?
Creation of a mercury vacuum pump
In which part of the fluorescent lamp is the radiant green glow observed?
"On the walls of the tube at the cathode end"
What is essential for incident free electrons to transfer energy to an atom's outer electron in a fluorescent lamp?
"A higher energy state that is unstable"
What type of lamps have a reflective coating inside the bulb to direct light forward?
Multifaceted Reflector (MR) lamps
Which type of bulb puts approximately double the amount of light on the front central area as General Service bulbs of the same wattage?
Reflector (R) bulbs
In what type of lighting fixtures are Parabolic Aluminized Reflector (PAR) bulbs commonly used?
Outdoor spot and flood fixtures
What is indicated by the number in a PAR bulb's name, such as PAR 30 or PAR 38?
The diameter of the bulb in 1/8s of an inch
What contributes to the increase in voltage across the lamp for easy starting in fluorescent lamps?
Capacitor
Compared to incandescent lamps, what is a major advantage of fluorescent lamps in terms of luminous efficacy?
Lower power consumption
What is a potential health and safety issue associated with fluorescent lamps if they break?
Mercury contamination
Why is the ballast required in fluorescent lamps?
To stabilize current
What characterizes the luminosity of a fluorescent tube compared to an incandescent lamp?
Smaller light source
When operated for several hours, approximately how much longer can a fluorescent lamp last compared to an equivalent incandescent lamp?
~10-20 times longer
In terms of heat emission, how does the heat produced by fluorescent lamps compare to an equivalent installation of incandescent lamps?
~50-60% less heat
What is the primary function of the inductor in conjunction with the capacitor in a fluorescent lamp?
Limit current flow
This quiz covers the topic of light sources, focusing on incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. Learn about how incandescent lamps work through incandescence and how electric currents pass through filaments to produce light. Explore the features of compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) as well.
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