30 Questions
What type of light scattering causes cataract-related symptoms?
Forward light scattering
Which cortical layers of the lens contribute most to light scatter with age?
Deeper cortical layers
How is backwards light scattering observed by clinicians?
By using a slit lamp on the lens
Why is it easier to identify the lens in elderly patients compared to young patients?
Backwards light scatter delineates the lens in elderly patients
Which type of light scatter is scattered toward the retina?
Forward light scattering
What drives the increase in light scatter with age in the lens?
Increase in cortical thickness
What is a consequence of pupillary dilation at night?
Increase in retinal image blur
Why can night driving be particularly difficult for individuals with cortical cataracts?
Increased exposure of the lens leading to opacities
Which quadrant of the lens is most commonly affected by cortical opacities?
Infero-nasal quadrant
What is the main reason for the presence of cortical opacities in the lens?
UV exposure
What can cause a reduction in the angle between light sources and the visual axis?
Cataracts
What is the impact of cortical opacities on light scatter during daylight?
Increased light scatter
What is a common consequence of subluxation related to the optics of the peripheral lens?
Unusual refractive errors
In which situation is surgical removal of a subluxated lens indicated?
When unusual refractive errors persist despite correction
What is typically the case for aphakic patients?
They are born without a lens
Why are prevalence figures regarding cataracts not particularly useful from a clinical perspective?
They are linked to presbyopia development
What is one reason why prevalence figures are considered useful for epidemiologists and demographers?
Planning allocation of resources for cataract surgery
What is a potential course of action for rare cases where a patient is unsuitable for a synthetic lens replacement?
Inducing apakia through surgical lens removal
In the context of cataract surgery, what is the primary reason for its indication as mentioned in the text?
To prevent IOP elevation
Why is a replacement IOL with reduced thickness preferred in cataract surgery?
To avoid compromising anterior drainage angles
What is suggested by the OCT imaging example of a thick lens pushing the iris anteriorly?
Promotion of pupil block
What aspect should be explained to patients considering cataract surgery?
Long-term outcomes of cataract surgery
What may happen if a thick lens pushes the iris anteriorly, as described in the text?
Promotion of pupil block
What important information should be provided to patients after cataract surgery, based on the text?
Support needed post-surgery
What is the purpose of removing the central circular portion of the anterior capsule during cataract surgery?
To create an aperture for lens removal and IOL insertion
What is the main function of the phaco probe during cataract surgery?
To emit ultrasonic waves to break up hard material
How is the softer cortex of the lens typically removed during cataract surgery?
By using suction alone
What holds the foldable IOL in place after insertion during cataract surgery?
'Haptics', arm-like supports resting in the capsule region
Why is it typically unnecessary to use sutures to close the corneal incision after cataract surgery?
'Self-healing' nature of the incision
How do 'haptics' assist in the positioning of the IOL during cataract surgery?
By resting in the equatorial region of the capsule
This quiz explores the correlation between age, cortical thickness, and light scatter in the lens. Key concepts include the increase in light scatter driven by changes in deeper cortical layers, two types of light scatter, and forward light scattering.
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