Light Reflection and Refraction Concepts

The angle of incidence is the angle formed between the incident ray and the normal at the point of incidence.

A virtual image is an imaginary image that cannot be projected on a screen, whereas a real image can be captured on a screen.

The image is virtual, erect, laterally inverted, and of the same size as the object.

<p>A concave mirror has a reflecting surface that is curved inward, while a convex mirror has a reflecting surface that is curved outward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The principal axis is the line that joins the pole and the center of curvature of a spherical mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The radius of curvature is the distance from the pole to the center of curvature of the spherical mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The normal line is an imaginary line perpendicular to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence, essential for measuring angles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A planar mirror produces a laterally inverted image because it flips the left and right sides of the object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The focal length is the distance between the pole of the mirror and the focus point, represented as $PF = f$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The image will only be formed when two or more rays of light converge at a single point, which is the Principal Focus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A ray of light passing through the center of curvature behaves as a normal and retraces its path after reflection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concave mirrors are used in torches and searchlights to focus light beams effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convex mirrors provide an erect image and a wider field of view, allowing drivers to see large areas behind them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The object is always placed to the left side of the mirror, with all distances measured from the pole, which serves as the origin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light rays parallel to the principal axis will pass through the focus after reflection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The distance OF2 and OF1 is called the focal length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>After refraction, a ray parallel to the principal axis will pass through the focal point F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnification is defined as the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A magnification value of m &lt; 1 signifies that the image is diminished.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power of a concave lens or diverging lens is always negative because it diverges light rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurements are made from the optical center 'O', similar to the convention for spherical mirrors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The SI unit of power is represented as 'diopter' denoted by 'D', and 1 diopter signifies the power of a lens with a focal length of 1 meter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ray of light goes straight, without any deviation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Snell's Law states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is calculated by taking the ratio of the speed of light in air to the speed of light in glass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A convex lens bulges outwards and is a converging lens, whereas a concave lens bulges inwards and is a diverging lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The principal axis is an imaginary straight line that passes through the two centers of curvature of the lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mirror formula states that the relationship is given by the equation $1/f = 1/v + 1/u$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The optical center is the central point of a lens where a ray of light passes straight through without deviation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The focus of a convex lens is the point where rays of light parallel to the principal axis converge after refraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The speed of light decreases as it travels from a vacuum to a denser medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power of a lens is the reciprocal of its focal length, calculated as $P = 1/f$ (in diopters).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The aperture is the effective diameter of the circular outline of a spherical lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light bends towards the normal when it enters the glass slab from air, due to increased optical density.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The emergent ray is parallel to the direction of the incident ray after passing through the slab.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sign convention helps in consistently determining the nature of distances as positive or negative based on their direction from the origin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnification is the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object, indicating how much larger or smaller the image appears.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For a concave mirror, the focal length 'f' is negative, while for a convex mirror, 'f' is positive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bending of light rays indicates a change in the speed of light as it transitions from one medium to another due to refraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emergent rays are parallel to the incident rays because the angle of incidence and refraction at the entrance and exit of the slab remain consistent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, it bends towards the normal, while it bends away from the normal when moving from a denser to a rarer medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concave mirrors can form real (negative height) and virtual (positive height) images, whereas convex mirrors only form virtual images (positive height).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lateral displacement refers to the shift in the path of light as it refracts at the boundary of two different media, resulting in a separation from its original line.</p> Signup and view all the answers