Light Properties and Reflection Quiz

Light and Its Properties

• Light travels in straight lines.
• Light reflects and refracts when interacting with surfaces.

Reflection of Light

• Laws of Reflection:
  • Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.
  • Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal are in the same plane.
• Types of Mirrors:
  • Plane Mirror: Creates a virtual, upright, and same-sized image.
  • Spherical Mirrors:
    • Concave Mirror: Can form real or virtual images.
    • Convex Mirror: Forms a virtual, smaller image.
• Mirror Formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
  • f = focal length
  • u = object distance
  • v = image distance
• Magnification (m): m = -v/u or m = h'/h

Refraction of Light

• Refraction: Bending of light when passing from one medium to another.
• Laws of Refraction:
  • Incident ray, refracted ray, and normal are in the same plane.
  • Sine of angle of incidence /sine of angle of refraction = constant (Snell's Law)
• Refractive Index (n): n = speed of light in vacuum / speed of light in medium

Lenses

• Types of Lenses:
  • Convex Lens (Converging): Can form real or virtual images.
  • Concave Lens (Diverging): Forms only virtual images.
• Lens Formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u
  • f = focal length
  • v = image distance
  • u = object distance
• Magnification (m): m = h'/h
  • h' = height of image
  • h = height of object

Power of a Lens

• Power (P): Ability of a lens to bend light, measured in diopters (D).
• P = 1/f (in meters)

Applications

• Concave Mirrors: Telescopes, shaving mirrors, headlights.
• Convex Mirrors: Rearview mirrors.
• Lenses: Spectacles, cameras, microscopes.