Lifeguard Health Risks and Prevention

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended SPF for sunscreen to reduce the risk of skin cancer?

SPF 10

SPF 15

SPF 30 (correct)

SPF 50

What should lifeguards do before going outside to maximize the effectiveness of sunscreen?

Use sunscreen only when it is sunny

Apply sunscreen at least 30 minutes prior to going outside (correct)

Use sunscreen only after arriving at the beach

Apply sunscreen immediately before exposure

How often should sunscreen be reapplied to maintain protection?

Only after swimming

Every hour

Every 30 minutes

Every 2 hours (correct)

During which times of day are UV rays the strongest, increasing the risk of skin damage?

11AM to 4PM Signup and view all the answers

What common misconception do young adults have regarding tanning and sunburn?

A base tan can prevent sunburn Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three S's of sun protection recommended to lifeguards?

Sunscreen Signup and view all the answers

Which group has a higher risk of developing skin cancer due to poor sun protection habits?

Young adults in high school or college Signup and view all the answers

What can be considered a wrong approach to tanning that increases skin cancer risk?

Using tanning beds regularly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is NOT recommended for sun protection?

Sunscreen Signup and view all the answers

What protective clothing item helps reduce sun exposure during outdoor activities?

Long sleeve shirt Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is least likely to provide adequate sun protection?

Baseball cap Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to perform monthly self-exams for skin cancer symptoms?

To monitor for changes in moles Signup and view all the answers

Which skin cancer symptom involves changes in the mole's surface?

Oozing or bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that increases the risk of developing skin cancer?

Extensive sun exposure Signup and view all the answers

Who should consider getting an initial skin cancer screening exam?

Individuals at high risk for skin cancer Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of lifeguarding can negatively impact mental well-being?

High risk and trauma-related experiences Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard recommended amount of water to drink per day to maintain hydration?

64oz Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for lifeguards to drink water throughout the day, rather than solely when thirsty?

Thirst is a sign of dehydration. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of injury can result from repetitive strain in lifeguards?

Overuse injuries Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injuries is commonly associated with lifeguarding activities?

Tennis elbow Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is specifically associated with running on sandy surfaces?

Runner's knee Signup and view all the answers

What type of injury can occur from dismounting lifeguard towers or stands?

Calf strain Signup and view all the answers

What should individuals do to enter the beach according to the guidelines?

Use the gate area with a valid pass Signup and view all the answers

What hazard can cause lacerations to a lifeguard's feet on the beach?

Human-made debris Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk when a lifeguard runs to a rescue while wearing equipment?

Loss of balance Signup and view all the answers

How should staff handle individuals found on the rocks at Elliot Park?

Instruct them to leave immediately Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary duties of lifeguards at Lee St Beach in relation to Elliot Park?

Keep the area clear of trespassers Signup and view all the answers

Why should staff be aware of Clark Square Park's location?

It has a rockline along Lake Michigan. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary safety concern regarding the rocks in parks like Garden Park?

They can lead to dangerous activities like swimming. Signup and view all the answers

What should staff do when they observe people sitting or playing on the rocks?

Inform them to exit the rocks immediately. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key guideline for parking near the beaches?

Parking regulations must be observed. Signup and view all the answers

What must employees do with their parking pass at the end of a shift?

Return it after use. Signup and view all the answers

What is one responsibility of camp counselors regarding campers?

To monitor and keep campers together Signup and view all the answers

What should happen if a camp arrives unexpectedly at the beach?

Beach staff should be alerted Signup and view all the answers

What type of programs are included in the seasonal lakefront activities?

Guided kayak tours Signup and view all the answers

Who should be contacted for lakefront program ideas?

The lakefront program coordinator Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for staff to know all regulations?

To manage and enforce them effectively Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of communication with patrons as a staff member?

Being fair and consistent Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome desired from quick enforcement of regulations?

To prevent confusion among patrons Signup and view all the answers

What amenities are available for rent during beach hours?

Kayaks, SUPs, and sailboats Signup and view all the answers

Which beach is known for allowing scuba divers to access a nearby shipwreck?

Greenwood Beach Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature does Clark Street Beach have that impacts water safety on windy days?

A strong structural current Signup and view all the answers

Which type of patrons is most commonly found at Lee Street Beach?

Families Signup and view all the answers

What happens on the Fourth of July at Clark Street Beach?

It is closed due to fireworks Signup and view all the answers

Which feature separates Clark Street Beach from the Evanston Dog Beach?

A breakwall Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant threat at Greenwood Beach due to its location?

Heavy boat traffic Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Clark Street Beach compared to other beaches in Evanston?

It is the busiest and most eventful beach Signup and view all the answers

Which beach is specifically mentioned as having facilities for aquatic summer camps?

Greenwood Beach Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for daily beach access in Evanston?

A daily pass or season pass is required for each person. Signup and view all the answers

When does swimming start at Evanston's beaches?

May 25th Signup and view all the answers

What natural feature is located directly to the west of Lighthouse Beach?

Natural grass dunes Signup and view all the answers

During which time period may swimming be affected by staffing and weather conditions at Evanston's beaches?

May 25th to September 2nd Signup and view all the answers

What type of beachgoers are typically expected at Lighthouse Beach?

Families with children Signup and view all the answers

Which landmark is situated just west of Lighthouse Beach?

The Grosse Point Lighthouse Signup and view all the answers

What potential risk is associated with the sandy area near Lighthouse Beach's swimming spot?

Rocky bottom sand Signup and view all the answers

What distance is the City of Evanston water treatment facility from Lighthouse Beach?

A few hundred yards to the south Signup and view all the answers

What must individuals do when requested by the City of Evanston staff at the beach?

Comply with the requests. Signup and view all the answers

Under which condition is swimming prohibited at the beach?

When weather or safety conditions are adverse. Signup and view all the answers

What type of flotation devices are allowed in the swim areas?

US Coast Guard approved personal flotation devices. Signup and view all the answers

What should lifeguards inspect before allowing flotation devices in the swim area?

The product label for approval and proper fit. Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior can lead to a patron being asked to leave the beach?

Acting in a threatening or violent manner. Signup and view all the answers

When are swimmers allowed to swim in the designated areas?

Only when lifeguards are on duty. Signup and view all the answers

Which parking location is available on the 1500 block of Sheridan Road?

Lagoon Lot Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a patron acts inappropriately at the beach?

They may be asked to leave without a refund. Signup and view all the answers

What is the parking regulation at the boat ramp lot?

Parking by permit only Signup and view all the answers

How many campers should there be for each counselor in the water?

10 campers Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why swimming might be restricted at the beach?

High waves or contaminated water. Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with skin cancer?

Newly formed freckles in children Signup and view all the answers

When is free parking available at specified locations?

After 4 PM on weekdays and all day on weekends Signup and view all the answers

What is a common recommendation for individuals at high risk of skin cancer?

Seek an initial screening by a dermatologist Signup and view all the answers

What should Beach Managers do when camps visit the beaches?

Check with the Camp Director for beach rules Signup and view all the answers

Which parking area is NOT mentioned as having free parking after 4 PM on weekdays?

Dawes Park Lot Signup and view all the answers

What mental health challenge can lifeguards face due to their responsibilities?

Constant exposure to trauma-related experiences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is recommended if a suspicious-looking mole is identified?

Seek a professional examination immediately Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of separating the campers in the swimming area?

To help them stay organized and safe Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Dempster Street Sailing Beach located in relation to the City of Evanston's aquatic camps?

At the Dempster Street Sailing Beach Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic indicates that a mole may be a cause for concern?

Asymmetrical shape with irregular borders Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended frequency for monthly self-exams for skin cancer symptoms?

Monthly Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a recommended protective measure against skin cancer?

Applying bronzer to enhance tan Signup and view all the answers

What change in the mole should prompt immediate medical attention?

A mole that becomes itchy or painful Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lifeguard Injuries

Paddleboards are the leading source of trauma for lifeguards in Honolulu.
Rescue boats and emergency vehicles can also cause injuries, with previous studies noting serious foot and ankle injuries from Inflatable Rescue Boats (IRBs).
Injuries can occur from various sources, including boats, vehicles, and even interaction with the public or rescue victims.

Skin Cancer Risks

Skin cancer represents over 50% of all cancer diagnoses in the U.S.
Lifeguards are at higher risk due to extensive sun exposure and poor sunscreen practices, especially among young adults.
Common sun damage symptoms include excessive tanning, which indicates skin and DNA damage, ultimately increasing skin cancer risk.
Recommended sun protection strategies include:
- Sunscreen: Use SPF 30 or higher, applied 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapplied every 2 hours.
- Shade: Seek shade during peak UV hours (11 AM - 4 PM).
- Shield: Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses.

Skin Cancer Symptoms

Irregular, asymmetrical moles; moles with varying colors, or red/blue/white patches.
New moles appearing in adults; rough or scaly red patches that can bleed.
Itching, pain, or tenderness in persistent areas; changes in mole surface characteristics.

Mental Health Concerns

Lifeguarding duties are physically intensive and mentally taxing, requiring quick responses and dealing with high-stress situations.
Regular hydration is essential, with a daily recommendation of 64 oz, increased on hot days to prevent dehydration.

Common Injuries

Overuse injuries stem from repetitive strains, leading to inflammation and pain in muscles and tendons.
Specific injuries include:
- Shoulder tendonitis from paddling and rescue board use.
- Back injuries from lifting or carrying victims.
- Running-related injuries such as runner's knee, shin splints, and ankle problems.
Sand running exacerbates injury risk due to unstable surfaces.

Park and Safety Management

Elliot Park: Located between Dempster St. and Lee St. Beach; requires oversight to prevent trespassing and ensure swimmer safety.
Clark Square Park: Positioned away from swimming, but staff should remain vigilant regarding its rockline along Lake Michigan.
Garden Park: North of South Blvd Beach, where similar precautions apply for rock and water dangers.

Parking Regulations

Limited street parking requires staff to plan ahead and consider alternative transportation.
Employee parking passes must be displayed and returned post-shift, allowing legal extended parking in designated areas.

Collaboration with Camps

City of Evanston Recreation camps can freely access beaches. Staff must coordinate lifeguard coverage for unexpected arrivals.
The Dempster Street Sailing Staff offers rental services for kayaks and paddleboards, alongside providing various seasonal lakefront programs.

Importance of Rules and Regulations

Thorough understanding of regulations is essential for consistent enforcement and patron guidance.
Timeliness in enforcing rules is critical to prevent confusion and maintain safety.

Sun Safety and Skin Cancer

Wear protective clothing such as long sleeves, hats, and sunglasses to shield from UV rays.
Symptoms of skin cancer include:
- Irregular, asymmetrical moles or those with uneven color or border.
- Moles displaying red, blue, or white patches.
- Rough, crusty red patches that might bleed.
- New mole appearances in adults.
- Raised, itchy reddish patches.
- Small shiny bumps that can be pink/red with darker areas.
- Persistent itching, pain, or tenderness in a specific area.
- Changes in moles including oozing, scaliness, or lumps.
Monthly self-exams are advised for early detection of skin cancer.
Seek professional evaluation for suspicious changes in skin lesions, especially if they grow or bleed.

Mental Health Considerations for Lifeguards

Lifeguarding can exert significant physical and mental strain.
Lifeguards may encounter traumatic incidents that affect mental well-being.
Immediate response and rescue situations can lead to psychological impacts over time.

Evanston Beaches Overview

Evanston operates five public beaches from May 25 through September 2.
Daily or seasonal passes are required for beach entry.

Individual Beaches

Lighthouse Beach
- Located north of Central St. with rocky sandy areas.
- Known for the nearby 1873 Grosse Point Lighthouse.
- Family-friendly with playgrounds and grass dunes.
Clark St. Beach
- Adjacent to Northwestern University with volleyball courts and a bird sanctuary.
- Busiest beach, popular for events including Fourth of July fireworks.
Greenwood Beach
- Central and the smallest beach, prone to heavy boat traffic.
- Unique for allowing scuba divers, notably for access to the Morley shipwreck.
Lee St. Beach
- Surrounded by park areas, preferred by families and special recreational camps.
- Notable for its distance from facilities such as restrooms.