Life Cycle of the Sun
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Questions and Answers

Which type of property deals directly with changes in composition of a substance?

  • Density
  • Chemical properties (correct)
  • Mass
  • Physical properties

    • What are salt and water examples of?

  • Plasma
  • Mixtures
  • Elements
  • Compounds (correct)

    • Which state of matter has low energy, high density, definitive volume, and definite shape?

  • Solid (correct)
  • Plasma
  • Liquid
  • Gas

    • What is an example of matter existing in mixtures?

    <p>Ocean water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property includes reactivity and pH as characteristics?

    <p>Chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a particularly destructive chemical property related to metal, like iron?

    <p>Corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial process that allows a star to start functioning?

    <p>Nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a star runs out of hydrogen fuel?

    <p>It starts fusing helium into carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do stars release heat and energy during nuclear fusion?

    <p>By emitting gamma rays and neutrinos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor determines the ultimate fate of a star?

    <p>Mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of star will our sun, of medium mass, likely become after running out of hydrogen?

    <p>White dwarf star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Hertzsprung Russell diagram in studying stars?

    <p>Understanding the star's brightness, color, temperature, and size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a star has many times the mass of the sun, what is it likely to become after a red supergiant phase?

    <p>Neutron star or black hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the moon and sunlight is true?

    <p>Sunlight reflects off the moon, making it visible from Earth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to bright blue tinted stars after they run out of hydrogen fuel?

    <p>They become red supergiants and then explode into supernovae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do gamma rays and neutrinos released in stars have in common?

    <p>They can penetrate matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stage of our sun's life cycle?

    <p>White dwarf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what stage of a star's life does nuclear fusion of hydrogen begin?

    <p>Protostar stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are stars classified by the spectral classification system?

    <p>By temperature, color, and luminosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the astronomical unit defined as?

    <p>The average orbital distance of Earth from the Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the color of light emitted by a star?

    <p>Elements in the star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of star class is classified as the coolest and red in color?

    <p>M-class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a high-mass star after it reaches the red supergiant phase?

    <p>Undergoes supernova</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a low-mass star after it becomes a red giant?

    <p>Forms a planetary nebula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the size of a star affect its life cycle?

    <p>Influences its end stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of a solid, according to the text?

    <p>Atoms packed closely together vibrating in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase change involves a rise in temperature causing a substance to change from solid to liquid?

    <p>Melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a liquid when its temperature is lowered enough to become a solid?

    <p>Freezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of change preserves the substance's chemical identity?

    <p>Physical change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which celestial structure is characterized as having old stars that rotate in random orbits?

    <p>Elliptical galaxies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

    <p>Speed up reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Sun is responsible for producing energy through nuclear fusion?

    <p>Core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of spiral galaxies?

    <p>'Solar nurseries' where new stars are born</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when water vapor cools down to form droplets?

    <p>Condensation occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Sun is the visible surface during a total solar eclipse?

    <p>Photosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of matter is a combination of elements to create new matter?

    <p>Compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of the liquid state of matter?

    <p>Moderate energy, moderate density, definite volume, indefinite shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of matter includes pH and reactivity as characteristics?

    <p>Chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a particularly destructive chemical property related to metal?

    <p>Corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state of matter has low energy, high density, definitive volume, and definite shape?

    <p>Solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of matter mentioned in the lesson?

    <p>Elements and compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of matter has nothing to do with a change in composition of a substance?

    <p>Physical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase transition involves cooling a gas down to change it into a liquid?

    <p><strong>Condensation</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase called when a star grows until it engulfs Venus and Mercury, including possibly Earth?

    <p>Red giant phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do scientists classify stars based on their temperature, color, and luminosity?

    <p>Spectral classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of a protostar in the star formation process?

    <p>To accumulate enough material for nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the range of classes in spectral classification of stars?

    <p>Temperature of the star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is commonly used to describe distances within the solar system?

    <p>Astronomical Units (AUs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which stage does a star that fails to achieve nuclear fusion end up as a result?

    <p>Brown dwarf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic determines the size classification of stars?

    <p>Mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stars are classified by the spectral classification as the coolest, red, and less bright stars?

    <p>M-Class stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of a star's main sequence life cycle?

    <p>Hydrogen fuel depletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a gas?

    <p>Atoms are moving apart quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase change involves water vapor cooling down to form droplets?

    <p>Condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of galaxies have a central disk surrounded by spiraling arms?

    <p>Spiral galaxies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Sun is responsible for producing energy through nuclear fusion?

    <p>Core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

    <p>Speeding up reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during a total solar eclipse that allows the corona to be visible?

    <p>The Moon blocks the photosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do irregular galaxies differ from elliptical and spiral galaxies?

    <p>They lack a distinctive shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hormones in the body?

    <p>Communicating with cells, tissues, and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of elliptical galaxies?

    <p>Spherical or cucumber shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a physical change in matter?

    <p>A change in state without altering composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial process that allows a star to start functioning?

    <p>Accumulation of mass for nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to stars with many times the mass of the sun after the red supergiant phase?

    <p>They become neutron stars or black holes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which astronomical diagram is useful for understanding the brightness, color, temperature, and size of stars?

    <p>Hertzsprung Russell diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of star will our sun likely become after running out of hydrogen?

    <p>White dwarf star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the moon's visibility from Earth result from?

    <p>Reflection of sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic helps determine the ultimate fate of a star?

    <p>Mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is produced when stars run out of hydrogen and start fusing helium?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do stars release energy during nuclear fusion?

    <p>By emitting gamma rays and neutrinos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the color of light emitted by a star?

    <p>Temperature of the star's core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bright blue tinted stars change after running out of hydrogen fuel?

    <p>They explode into supernovae</p> Signup and view all the answers

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