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Questions and Answers
What is the gestation period for a replacement heifer?
283 days
What is the primary purpose of milk replacer in calf rearing?
To prevent milk loss and ensure regular feeding to avoid scour
What is the ideal body condition score target for a replacement heifer at mating?
3.25
What is the primary benefit of the leader-follower grazing system during weaning?
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What is the basis for selecting a bull for breeding in a dairy herd?
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What are the key characteristics of Holstein dairy breeds?
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What is the primary difference between morning and evening milk samples?
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How does milk quality impact its price?
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What is the purpose of regular sampling in milk quality investigation?
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Why is animal welfare important in the dairy industry?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Common Types, Breeds, and Crosses of Cattle
- Dairy breeds: Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire, Brown Swiss
- Holstein: High milk production, black and white
- Jersey: High butterfat content, smaller size
- Beef breeds: Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Limousin
- Angus: Marbled meat, high-quality beef
- Hereford: Hardy, adaptable
- Crossbreeds: Combine traits for improved milk yield, growth rate, or disease resistance
Milk Quality Analysis
- Investigate milk quality through regular sampling
- Check for: somatic cell count, bacteria, fat, and protein content
Comparison of Milk Samples
- Morning (a.m.) milk: Higher water content, lower solids
- Evening (p.m.) milk: Higher solids, richer milk
Market Trends and Requirements
- Importance of market trends: Guides production practices, influences pricing and consumer demand
- Production practices should adapt to changing market trends
Milk Quality and Price
- Impact of milk quality on price: Higher quality (low somatic cell count, high protein and fat content) commands better prices
- Poor quality milk reduces market value
Management Practices
- Handling and housing: Clean, spacious, well-ventilated housing
- Animal health and welfare: Optimal health and welfare practices
- Slurry/farmyard manure: Effective management and utilization
- Food quality and safety: Ensure quality, safe, and traceable food for consumers
Policies and Regulations
- Importance of policies related to traceability and animal welfare
- Connection with the food-supply chain: Policies impact food production and quality
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Description
This quiz covers the birth and early care, calf rearing, and housing of replacement heifers from birth to 2 years. Learn about gestation, feeding sequences, and milk replacers.
