Libyan Palette and Scorpion King Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What material is the Libyan Palette made from?

  • Sandstone
  • Limestone
  • Granite
  • Grey schist or greywacke (correct)

Where was the Libyan Palette discovered?

  • The Valley of the Kings
  • Abydos (correct)
  • Thebes
  • Memphis

What is the current Arabic name of Abydos?

  • El-Birba
  • Hierakonpolis
  • Tjenu
  • El-Araba or El-Araba Elmadfouna (correct)

To which period is the Libyan Palette believed to date?

<p>Zero Dynasty or Proto-dynastic Period (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory exists regarding the identity of the Scorpion King?

<p>He was possibly the same as Narmer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of palettes in ancient Egypt?

<p>They were usually made of schist. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What evidence suggests Scorpion came from Nekhen?

<p>His macehead was discovered in a cache at Nekhen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about tomb U-J in Abydos regarding Scorpion King?

<p>It cannot be linked to him with any evidence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the primary functions of cosmetic palettes in ancient cultures?

<p>To grind pigments for creating eye paint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were palettes often buried with the deceased?

<p>As funerary equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature distinguishes the verso from the recto side of a palette?

<p>The presence of a circular depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of shapes did later palettes develop into?

<p>Animal shapes like hippopotami and turtles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which palette is classified as a commemorative votive palette dedicated by King Narmer?

<p>Narmer palette (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the four registers on the front face of the Libyan palette depict?

<p>Animals, cattle, and groups of trees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the Libyan palette affects the size of the last animal in each of the first three registers?

<p>The palette's shield shape decreasing in width (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following palettes is thought to commemorate the tributes given to Egypt from the Libyan lands?

<p>Libyan palette (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason the Tjehenu tribe is mentioned in relation to the animals depicted in the palette?

<p>They provided the animals as a tribute or mutual trade. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 2nd register, how are the donkeys depicted in terms of their size?

<p>The last donkey is depicted as smaller due to lack of space. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is used to depict the rams in the 3rd register?

<p>The last ram turns its head back to add variety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 4th register depict besides the olive trees?

<p>An inscription in hieroglyphs related to the land. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is notable about the size of the animals in the registers as they progress?

<p>They increase in size towards the left-hand side edge of the palette. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many olive trees are depicted in the 4th register?

<p>Eight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significance do the inscriptions in hieroglyphs have in the 4th register?

<p>They indicate the name of the tribe associated with the land. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which king is noted for gaining power and prosperity from the Libyans?

<p>King Khasekhem of the 2nd Dynasty (C), King Snefru of the 4th Dynasty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is represented on the uppermost part of the Second or Back Face of the Palette?

<p>Human feet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symbols are shown participating in the foundation ceremony on the Palette?

<p>Human and animal symbols (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the falcon represent in the Owl Nome’s fortified enclosure wall?

<p>The god Horus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely meaning of the hieroglyphic letter 'm' in the Owl Nome?

<p>El-Fayium province (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nome is identified with the sacred bird described in the Benu (bnw) Nome?

<p>Benu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Benu Nome symbolize in relation to Egyptian mythology?

<p>Rebirth and the sun (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many nomes are depicted on the Palette in total?

<p>Seven (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which regions currently correspond to the location of Heliopolis?

<p>Cairo region of Ain Shams and Matarya (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the male wrestlers symbolize in the context of the Wrestlers Nome?

<p>The fight between Horus and Seth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symbol represents the Kheper Nome?

<p>A scarab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The current Arabic name of the city historically identified as Pr-W3dt is:

<p>Tell el-Farafin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the lion on the Ka Nome's enclosure wall?

<p>It symbolizes royal power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the Ka Nome is challenged by a specific hypothesis?

<p>The destruction of the nome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about Abydos?

<p>It represents the main cult center for Osiris. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential historical significance of the Kheper Nome’s association with the sun god Re?

<p>It symbolizes the idea of resurrection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which city is most likely associated with the Kheper Nome according to archaeological arguments?

<p>Abydos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the fortress wall referred to as hwt in relation to Memphis?

<p>It is associated with the patron god of Memphis, Ptah. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient king is attributed to the founding of Memphis as the capital of unified Egypt?

<p>Menes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the name Mennefer Pepy refer to?

<p>The pyramid complex of King Pepy I. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symbol tops the fortified enclosure wall of the Hut Nome?

<p>A scorpion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inscriptions are found on the fortified walls described in the content?

<p>Names of the nomes inscribed with specific signs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material was the Narmer Palette made from?

<p>Grey schist quarried from Wadi Hammamat. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Nesu Nome?

<p>It features fortified walls topped by two falcons as symbols of power. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Greek name for Egypt derive from?

<p>The Egyptian name Hwt-k3-Pth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Scorpion King

An ancient Egyptian ruler of the Zero Dynasty or Proto-dynastic Period.

Libyan Palette

A grey schist palette, possibly from the reign of the Scorpion King.

Abydos

An important ancient Egyptian cult center associated with Osiris.

Zero Dynasty

The period immediately preceding the First Dynasty in ancient Egypt.

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Narmer

An early Egyptian ruler of the First Dynasty. Potentially linked to Scorpion II.

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Schist

A type of stone used for making ancient Egyptian palettes.

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Macehead

A ceremonial top portion of a staff, often used for symbolic purposes

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Palette

A flat stone slab used in ancient Egypt for grinding pigments and cosmetics

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Ancient Egyptian Cosmetic Palettes

Stone palettes, used for grinding pigments, like malachite, for eye makeup called kohl. Often buried with the deceased and used to commemorate events.

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Cosmetic Palette Function

Used for grinding pigments, commemorated events, and used as votive offerings in temples.

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Recto/Verso Sides

The "front" and "back" sides of an ancient Egyptian palette, usually distinguished by a central depression on the verso.

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First Face Depictions

The first register shows animals, the second animals, the third animals, and the fourth shows trees (likely olive).

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High Relief Carving

A form of carving in which the figures project from the background surface.

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Commemorative Palette

A palette used to commemorate a victory, event, or important figure.

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Votive Palette

A palette given as a dedicated offering to a deity or in a temple as a thank you or gesture or a desire for a blessing.

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Libyan Palette Animals

A series of animal depictions, likely tribute/trade, on an ancient Egyptian palette.

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Tjehenu Tribe

A Libyan tribe exchanging goods/animals with ancient Egypt.

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Oxen Depiction

Four oxen depicted in the first register, showing diminishing size and proper anatomy.

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Donkeys Depiction

Four donkeys in the second register, showing varying sizes due to space constraints.

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Rams Depiction

Five rams in the third register, also sized differently due to limited space.

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Olive Trees Depiction

Eight olive trees in the fourth register, likely representing trade or tribute.

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Tjehenu Region Location

Region west of the Nile Delta, providing resources like cattle and olives.

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Tribute/Trade with Tjehenu

Mutual exchange of goods like cattle and olive oil between Tjehenu and Egypt.

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Wrestlers Nome

A nome (ancient Egyptian administrative district) symbolized by two wrestlers representing Horus and Seth.

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Kheper Nome

A nome represented by a scarab beetle, symbol of the sun god Khepri.

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Ka Nome

A nome represented by two upraised arms, but surprisingly, not attested.

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Fortified Enclosure Wall

A wall surrounding a nome administrative district in ancient Egypt.

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Royal Symbol

A symbol representing the pharaoh's authority.

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Upper Egypt/Lower Egypt

Geographical regions in ancient Egypt, Upper being the South and Lower being the North.

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Palermo Stone

Ancient Egyptian stone slab recording historical events, including a gift of cattle and olive oil to Egypt.

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Second Face of the Palette

Part of the palette depicting royal founding ceremony of seven fortified towns (nomes).

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Benu Nome

Another fortified Egyptian nome symbolized by a phoenix (bnw), possibly associated with Heliopolis.

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Fortified Nomes

Seven administrative regions in ancient Egypt, each depicted as a fortified enclosure.

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Foundation Ceremony

Formal ritual used by ancient Egyptians to establish new settlements or territories.

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Hieroglyphic Letter 'm'

A primitive form of the name of el-Fayyum province written in early Egyptian hieroglyphics.

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Hwt-k3-Pth

An ancient name for Memphis, the capital of Egypt, meaning "House of the Ka of Ptah".

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Inb hd

The ancient Egyptian name for Memphis, meaning "The White Wall", referring to the limestone enclosure wall surrounding the city.

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Mit Rahina

The current Arabic name for the ancient city of Memphis.

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Mennefer Pepy (Mn-nfr Ppy)

The name eventually given to Memphis, combining the ancient name "Mennefer" with King Pepy I's name, referencing the pyramid complex at Saqqara.

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Nesu (nsw) Nome

A nome depicted on the Narmer Palette, symbolized by a fortified enclosure wall topped by two falcons, representing Horus of the South and North.

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Narmer Palette Material

Made of grey schist, a type of stone quarried from Wadi Hammamat in Sinai and the Eastern Desert, referred to as "bhn" in hieroglyphics.

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Grey Schist

The type of stone used to make the Narmer Palette, quarried from Wadi Hammamat.

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Study Notes

Libyan Palette

  • Made of grey schist or greywacke from Wadi Hammamat, Sinai

  • Replica of the back side also displayed

  • Discovered at Abydos, ancient cult center of Osiris, Isis, and Horus

  • Called "3bdw" in hieroglyphs (current Arabic name: El-Araba)

  • Dates to the reign of the Scorpion King, Zero Dynasty or Proto-dynastic Period (Naqada III)

Scorpion King (Scorpion II)

  • Identity debated among Egyptologists:

    • Some believe Scorpion II is Narmer, based on artistic style similarities on mace heads.

    • Others suggest he originated from Nekhen (Hierakonpolis)

Historical Background of Palettes

  • Commonly made of schist (slate or greywacke)

  • Used to grind pigments like malachite (eye paint)

  • Believed to have protective properties against eye strain

  • Used in funerary ceremonies

Libyan Palette Description

  • Partially damaged, only lower part survives

  • Unknown if recto or verso side is visible

  • Possible commemoration of victorious campaign in Libyan lands (Tjehenu and Temehu).

  • Depicts animal scenes (bulls, oxen, donkeys, rams) in registers within a shield-like form

  • Olive trees are included in the representation

  • Inscriptions detail the tribe Tjehenu in hieroglyphics

Palette in the Temple

  • Shows symbols of royal power (lions, falcons etc)

  • Depicts the names of 7 nomes inscribed within enclosure walls

  • These nomes represent provinces or parts of land

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The Libyan Palette or Palette of the Scorpion King PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the Libyan Palette, its historical significance, and connections to the Scorpion King from ancient Egypt. Explore its origins, materials, and usage in ancient cultures. Delve into the debates among Egyptologists regarding historical identities and artifacts.

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