Lewis Dot Structures Tutorial

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Questions and Answers

What does the number of dots around a Lewis symbol represent?

Number of valence electrons (correct)
Atomic number
Neutrons in the nucleus
Protons in the nucleus

How does the group valence of an element relate to the number of dots in its Lewis symbol?

It is always equal to the number of protons
It is always equal to the atomic number
It is generally either equal to the number of dots or 8 minus the number of dots (correct)
It is unrelated to the Lewis symbol

According to Kössel, why are halogens and alkali metals separated by noble gases in the periodic table?

To prevent complete electron transfer
To allow stable octet configurations for ions (correct)
To maintain electronegativity balance
Due to their similar reactivity

What electron configuration do noble gases (except helium) have in their outer shell?

$ns^2np^6$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are negative and positive ions stabilized after gaining or losing electrons?

Due to electrostatic attraction (D) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

Valence electrons = Number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom Group valence = Number of dots in Lewis symbols or 8 minus the number of valence electrons Electronegative = Tendency to attract electrons in a chemical bond Electropositive = Tendency to donate electrons in a chemical bond Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the correct explanation:

Separation of halogens and alkali metals by noble gases = To stabilize negative and positive ions formed by electron transfer Stable noble gas electronic configurations = Outer shell configuration of eight electrons for stability Formation of negative ions from halogens = Associated with gain of an electron by halogen atoms Formation of positive ions from alkali metals = Associated with loss of an electron by alkali metal atoms Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

Octet rule = Atoms tend to lose, gain, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of 8 electrons Duplet of electrons = Helium's stable configuration with 2 electrons in its outer shell Stabilization of ions by electrostatic attraction = Achieved by the opposite charges between positive and negative ions Lewis symbols = Representations of atoms showing their valence electrons as dots around the symbol Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their roles in chemical bonding:

Lewis dot structure = Helps in understanding how atoms form covalent bonds by sharing electrons Coordination compounds = Complexes where metal ions are surrounded by ligands through coordinate bonds Electrostatic attraction = Force that stabilizes ionic compounds through attraction between opposite charges Kössel's observations = Highlight the stability achieved when atoms attain noble gas electronic configurations Signup and view all the answers

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