Lewis Dot Structure of Ammonia and Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a Lewis structure?

  • To determine the atomic number of an element.
  • To identify the number of isotopes present in an atom.
  • To represent the distribution of valence electrons around an atom. (correct)
  • To calculate the molecular weight of a compound.

    • What is the definition of a lone pair in a Lewis structure?

  • A pair of electrons that participates in nonbonding interactions. (correct)
  • A pair of electrons involved in ionic bonding.
  • A pair of electrons that forms a bond.
  • A pair of electrons shared between two atoms.

    • How is the central atom determined when drawing a Lewis structure?

  • It is the first atom mentioned in the compound's name.
  • It is always oxygen in most compounds.
  • It is the atom with the highest electronegativity value.
  • It is the atom with the least electronegativity value. (correct)

    • In drawing Lewis structures, what do multiple bonds represent?

    <p>The sharing of two electron pairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons does carbon have?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element must be at the center when drawing the Lewis structure of Ammonia (NH3)?

    <p>Nitrogen (N)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the polarity of a molecule?

    <p>Difference in electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a polar covalent bond, what is the range of electronegativity difference between atoms?

    <p>0.5-1.7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed when the electronegativity difference is greater than 1.7?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Lewis symbol of an element represent?

    <p>Valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrons are involved in chemical bonding?

    <p>Valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do atoms adopt specific positions relative to each other in a molecule?

    <p>To maximize bond strengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the VSEPR theory aim to predict?

    <p>Molecular geometry based on valence shell electron bond pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule?

    <p>Molecular Geometry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In VSEPR theory, how are atoms generally spatially arranged in molecules?

    <p>At angles of 90°, 109.5°, 120°, and 180°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the central atom in a Lewis structure?

    <p>It is the atom from which all other atoms are bonded directly or indirectly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a molecule with non-symmetrical molecular structure?

    <p>Bent molecular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be predicted using the Lewis structure of a molecule?

    <p>Three-dimensional shape or geometry of the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a lone pair in a Lewis structure?

    <p>The pair of electrons that do not take part in bonding (nonbonding electrons)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the idea of covalent bonding and emphasized the importance of electron pairs in bonding?

    <p>Gilbert Newton Lewis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons are there in Carbon? In Oxygen?

    <p>C=4; O=6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element must be in the center when drawing the Lewis structure of a compound?

    <p>The element with the least electronegativity value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula of Carbon Dioxide?

    <p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two bonding electrons can be represented by a single line, how should four bonding electrons be represented?

    <p>By drawing a double bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Valence-Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory?

    <p>To predict molecular geometry based on the number of valence shell electron bond pairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define lone pair electrons in a Lewis structure.

    <p>Pairs of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are atoms generally spatially arranged in molecules according to the VSEPR theory?

    <p>In angles of 90°, 109.5°, 120°, and 180°.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the central atom in a Lewis structure?

    <p>To connect and bond with other atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Lewis structure of a molecule help predict?

    <p>The three-dimensional shape of the molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the polarity of a molecule be determined?

    <p>By assessing the electronegativity difference between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of electronegativity difference for a polar covalent bond?

    <p>0.5-1.7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed when the electronegativity difference is greater than 1.7?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do lone pair electrons contribute to in a molecule?

    <p>Shape and structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do valence electrons determine in an atom?

    <p>Chemical bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are electrons shared in a nonpolar covalent bond?

    <p>Equally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the polarity of a molecule?

    <p>Electronegativity difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

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