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Lever Systems and Torque
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Lever Systems and Torque

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in designing a motor system to meet specific speed requirements?

  • Calculating the gear ratio required
  • Determining the output torque of the gearbox
  • Choosing the type of motor to use
  • Calculating the load the motor must be under (correct)
  • What is the formula to calculate the torque load that will cause the motor to exceed a certain current?

  • Torque Load = (Given Motor Current – Free Current) x Stall Torque / (Stall Current – Free Current) (correct)
  • Torque Load = (Given Motor Current x Free Current) x Stall Torque / (Stall Current x Free Current)
  • Torque Load = (Given Motor Current / Free Current) x Stall Torque / (Stall Current / Free Current)
  • Torque Load = (Given Motor Current + Free Current) x Stall Torque / (Stall Current + Free Current)
  • What is the purpose of calculating the torque load in a motor system?

  • To determine the output torque of the gearbox
  • To determine the maximum torque the motor can handle (correct)
  • To determine the motor current required
  • To determine the gear ratio required
  • What is the relationship between the output torque and input torque of a gearbox?

    <p>Output Torque = Input Torque x Gear Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider the gear ratios available when designing a motor system?

    <p>To ensure the gear ratio required can be achieved with the available gears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal when designing a compound gear reduction?

    <p>To achieve a gear ratio greater than the required minimum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of not being able to achieve the exact gear ratio required with the available gears?

    <p>The motor system will not meet the design criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating the gear reduction required?

    <p>To determine the gear ratio required to meet the design criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the torque applied to the output of the lever system in the example above?

    <p>8 N-m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resulting force on the output of the lever system in the example above?

    <p>1 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do gears work in terms of mechanical advantage?

    <p>They are a series of levers, where the larger diameter gear has a longer lever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the torque when a small gear drives a large gear?

    <p>Torque decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the speed when a small gear drives a large gear?

    <p>Speed decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle of rotation of the 60-tooth gear when the 36-tooth gear is rotated 1 tooth?

    <p>6 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the speeds of the two gears compare in the example above?

    <p>The small gear spins faster than the large gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanical advantage of using gears and levers?

    <p>To harness a fixed input force to accomplish a desired output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of varying the gear ratio and mechanical advantage in a system?

    <p>Improving the versatility of the system to accomplish different tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of the sizes of two gears meshing proportional to?

    <p>The resulting torque change and speed change between them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Gear Ratio denoted as?

    <p>Driven Gear Teeth:Driving Gear Teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main issue with the direct drive mechanism from the motor to the lock bar in the scoop bucket prototype?

    <p>It is moving too quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What software is used to design and test the gear drive in the scoop bucket project?

    <p>Autodesk Inventor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the Gear Reduction?

    <p>Driven Gear Teeth / Driving Gear Teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the Output Torque?

    <p>Input Torque x Gear Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the seven videos in the project, including the Overview and Summary?

    <p>To review the content and workflow of the project</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a prerequisite for completing this unit?

    <p>Basic understanding of Autodesk Inventor user interface and navigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the Output Speed?

    <p>Input Speed / Gear Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the speed and torque when the Gear Reduction is greater than 1?

    <p>The speed decreases and the torque increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using a gear drive in the scoop bucket project?

    <p>Improved control of the scoop motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the speed and torque when the Gear Reduction is less than 1?

    <p>The speed increases and the torque decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the number of teeth on a gear and its diameter?

    <p>The number of teeth is proportional to the diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall gear reduction in a gearbox with twelve 12:60 reductions as part of one compound reduction?

    <p>244,140,625</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using pulleys and belts in mechanical power transmission?

    <p>They can transfer torque over long distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is mechanical advantage important in the design of DC motor systems?

    <p>It helps the motor stay within its load limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of multiplying the gear reductions of each individual gear pair in a compound gear system?

    <p>The overall gear reduction is the product of the individual gear reductions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sprocket ratios compare to gear ratios?

    <p>Sprocket ratios are calculated by counting their teeth, while gear ratios are calculated by comparing their diameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of having a compound gear reduction of 25 in a system?

    <p>The output shaft is 25 times slower than the input shaft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long would it take for the output to spin once if the input is spun at a rate of once per second in a gearbox with a compound gear reduction of 244,140,625?

    <p>Approximately 7 years and 9 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using gear reductions in mechanical power transmission?

    <p>To transfer torque over long distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mechanical Advantage and Levers

    • Mechanical advantage can be achieved through the use of levers, which can be used to harness a fixed input force to accomplish a desired output.
    • The formula for torque is: Torque = Force x Distance from Center of Rotation.
    • Example: If the input force is 4 Newtons and moves 1 meter, the output will have a force of 1 Newton and moves 4 meters.

    Gears and Gear Reduction

    • Gears work in the same manner as levers, with the diameters of the gears becoming the lengths of the levers.
    • The resulting change of torque is equivalent to the ratio of the diameters.
    • Small gears driving large gears result in a torque increase, while large gears driving small gears result in a torque decrease.
    • The gear ratio is denoted as (Driving Gear Teeth):(Driven Gear Teeth), and the gear reduction is calculated as Driven Gear Teeth / Driving Gear Teeth.
    • Example: A 36-tooth gear driving a 60-tooth gear results in a gear reduction of 1.67 and a speed decrease.

    Gear Reduction and Torque Change

    • The ratio between the sizes of two gears meshing is proportional to the resulting torque change and speed change between them.
    • Combining gear ratios can result in a compound gear reduction, which can be calculated by multiplying the individual gear reductions.
    • Example: A gearbox with twelve 12:60 reductions results in an overall reduction of 244,140,625, almost a quarter of a billion to 1.

    Other Types of Reductions

    • Sprockets and chains, and pulleys and belts can also be used to provide gear reduction.
    • The same principles apply to these mechanisms, with the ratio being calculated by counting teeth or comparing diameters.

    Applying Gear Ratios to DC Motor Systems

    • Adjustments to mechanical advantage are important in the design of DC motor systems.
    • The first step is to calculate the load the motor must be under to meet the design criteria.
    • The output requirements and input limits are then used to calculate the ratio required.
    • Example: A VEX 2-wire Motor 393 requires a gear ratio of 18.68 to lift a 30 Newton object and not exceed the current draw of 2.5 amps.

    Designing a Gear System

    • A designer's ability to vary the gear ratio and mechanical advantage gives them the versatility to accomplish whatever work needs to be done with whatever motors they have.
    • The simplest approach is to determine the inputs and outputs, calculate the difference between them, and set the gear ratio accordingly.
    • This method can be applied to any number of motor/gearing systems.

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    Description

    Quiz about calculating torque and resultant force in a lever system, with examples of input and output forces and distances.

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