Levalbuterol Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the trade name of levalbuterol?

  • Xopenex (correct)
  • Albuterol
  • Ventolin
  • Proventil

What class of medication is levalbuterol?

Sympathomimetic bronchodilator (relatively beta 2 specific)

What are the indications for using levalbuterol?

Bronchospasms associated with asthma and COPD

What is the mechanism of action of levalbuterol?

<p>Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta 2 receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are side effects of levalbuterol? (Select all that apply)

<p>Dry mouth (A), Tremors (B), Headache (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for levalbuterol?

<p>Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should be taken when administering levalbuterol?

<p>Use caution in patients with cardiac disorders, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What interactions should be noted with levalbuterol?

<p>Epinephrine and other sympathomimetics may intensify effects; beta blockers antagonize its effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of administration for levalbuterol?

<p>Nebulized</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the onset time for levalbuterol?

<p>10-15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of effect for levalbuterol?

<p>5-6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the adult national dose range for levalbuterol?

<p>0.63-1.25 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Levalbuterol Overview

  • Trade name: Xopenex
  • Class: Sympathomimetic bronchodilator, relatively beta-2 specific (C)

Indications

  • Used for bronchospasms associated with conditions like asthma and COPD

Mechanism of Action

  • Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta-2 receptors
  • Results in bronchodilation and decreased airway resistance

Side Effects

  • Common sympathetic side effects: tremors, anxiety, nervousness, restlessness
  • Other side effects: palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension, headache
  • Can cause dry and irritated throat, dry mouth, flushing, diaphoresis, cough, wheezing, bronchial irritation

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics

Precautions

  • Use caution in patients with:
    • Cardiac disorders and hypertension
    • Diabetes mellitus
    • Seizures
  • In case of overdose, focus on treating underlying rhythms

Drug Interactions

  • Epinephrine and other sympathomimetics may enhance levalbuterol's effects
  • MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants can intensify cardiovascular side effects, specifically hypertension
  • Beta blockers can antagonize the effects of levalbuterol
  • Digoxin may increase the risk of dysrhythmias

Routes of Administration

  • Administered via nebulization
  • Available in pre-packaged doses of 0.31mg, 0.63mg, or 1.25mg in a 3mL NaCl solution

Onset and Duration

  • Onset: 10-15 minutes
  • Duration: 5-6 hours

Adult National Doses

  • Typical dose ranges from 0.63mg to 1.25mg

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