18 Questions
What is the major concern for a patient with neutropenia?
Increased risk of infection
Which procedure is typically used to confirm a diagnosis of leukemia?
Bone marrow aspiration
What is a crucial nursing intervention for a patient with neutropenia?
Maintaining strict hand hygiene
Which type of leukemia involves dysfunctional cells due to a loss of cell regulation?
Acute myelogenous leukemia
What should be given after chemotherapy to help with neutropenia?
Hematopoietic growth factors
How can neutropenia be managed effectively by nursing staff?
Implementing protective measures like strict hand washing
What is a common symptom of lymphoma that indicates systemic involvement?
Unexplained weight loss
How should a nurse assess the response to chemotherapy in a patient with lymphoma?
Assess for tumor size changes
What is an effect of radiation therapy commonly experienced by patients with hematological cancers?
Hair loss
Which symptom should a nurse closely monitor in a patient undergoing chemotherapy for hematological cancer?
Fever
How should a nurse address potential fertility issues in a patient undergoing treatment for lymphoma?
Discuss fertility preservation options before treatment begins
What should be the focus of nursing care when managing the effects of chemotherapy in a patient with hematological cancer?
Providing supportive care to manage side effects
What is a common sign of anemia in a patient with leukemia?
Bruising
Which therapy is used in leukemia to interrupt cell growth at all points?
Combination therapy
What is the primary goal of HCST therapy in leukemia?
To kill off own stem cells first
Which diagnostic result would indicate an increased risk of infection in a patient with leukemia?
ANC 400
What is a common symptom of lymphomas according to the provided text?
Night sweats
In the diagnosis of lymphomas, which test is commonly used to confirm the type and extent of the disease?
PET scan
Study Notes
Lymphoma Symptoms
- Delayed medical treatment until systemic involvement
- "B" symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, and weight loss
- Lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly in advanced disease
- Generalized pruritus, persistent cough, and mediastinal involvement
Lymphoma Management
- Chemotherapy, radiation, and stem cell transplant
- Assessment/education similar to leukemia, including monitoring labs, pain, and symptom management, and education on disease process, risks, and complications
Complications of Lymphoma
- Spinal cord compression, superior vena cava syndrome, and hypercalcemia
Nursing Management of Hematological Cancers
- Assessment of symptoms, response to treatment, and supportive care throughout diagnosis, treatment, and disease progression
- Addressing effects of radiation and chemotherapy, and psychosocial considerations
- Addressing potential fertility issues and long-term effects of therapy
- Monitoring nutritional status, including high calorie, high protein diet, and managing causative factors of inadequate intake
Nursing Management of Hematological Cancers (continued)
- Assessing skin and mucus membranes for signs of bleeding tendencies, swelling, or lesions
- Providing mouth care, lubricating lips and nares, and using soft toothbrush or sponge
- Avoiding mouthwash and culturing any lesions
Nursing Management of Hematological Cancers (continued)
- Assessing coping strategies, identifying sources of strength and support, and evaluating cultural factors
- Facilitating open discussion, community resource referral, and practicing holistic care
Leukemia Symptoms
- Enlarged lymph nodes from bone marrow congestion, susceptibility to infection, and fever
- General signs of anemia, such as fatigue, pallor, weakness, and shortness of breath
- Bleeding tendencies, such as bruising, petechiae, and nosebleeds
- Unintentional weight loss, bone pain, and change in gait
Leukemia Nursing Management
- Chemotherapy, radiation, and drug therapy, including combination therapy to decrease resistance and minimize toxicity
- Monitoring signs and symptoms, labs, and instituting precautions
- Educating patients on precautions, manifestations of anemia, thrombocytopenia, bleeding, and adverse reactions to therapy
- Addressing drug interactions and fertility issues
Lymphomas
- Hodgkin's lymphoma: presence of Reed Sternberg cells, localized fever, night sweats, and weight loss
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: includes various types, disseminated, and extranodal involvement common
Diagnosis of Lymphomas
- History and physical, CBC, CXR, CT scan, PET scan, and bone marrow aspiration
Neutropenia
- Abnormal decrease in the number of neutrophils, often occurring alongside other conditions
- Predisposed to infection from normal body flora and outside bacteria, with low-grade fever being an emergency
- Diagnosis: blood cultures, CBC, and bone marrow aspiration
Neutropenia Nursing Management
- Determining cause of neutropenia, instituting antibiotic therapy, and identifying offending organism
- Giving hematopoietic growth factors after chemotherapy, implementing protective measures, and promoting good hygiene
Test your knowledge on nursing management of leukemia, including chemotherapy, radiation, drug therapy, and HCST. Learn about symptoms such as enlarged lymph nodes, anemia signs, bleeding tendencies, and bone pain.
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