Legislative Committees Overview
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Legislative Committees Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is legislative oversight?

Congressional review of the activity of an agency, department, or office

What is the necessary and proper clause?

Gives Congress the authority to pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the Constitution.

What is a standing committee?

A committee to which proposed bills are referred, continues from one Congress to the next.

What is a joint committee?

<p>A committee set up to expedite business between houses and to help focus public attention on major issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are special committees?

<p>Temporary committees appointed for specific purposes, such as conducting a special investigation or study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a conference committee?

<p>A joint committee created to iron out differences between House and Senate versions of a specific piece of legislation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do subcommittees do?

<p>They work on specific policy areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Legislative committees are mentioned in the Constitution.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are legislative committee assignments made?

<p>Members are assigned by party leaders and seek committees that help their constituents and increase their influence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions and purposes of committees?

<p>To divide workload, consider bills, maintain oversight, conduct investigations, and ease congressional workload.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during committee action?

<p>Most bills die in committee as committees may choose not to act on them, hold hearings, and produce reports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic steps for how a bill becomes a law?

<p>The bill is drafted, sent to the House and Senate, then sent to a conference committee, and finally to the President.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a bill is introduced to the House?

<p>It can be written by a variety of people, but only members can introduce it, and revenue bills must start in the House.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a bill is introduced to the Senate?

<p>Can be written by a variety of people, including lobbyists and staff.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during committee action in the House?

<p>Bills can be amended, hearings are held, and reports are produced for the full House.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Rules Committee do in the House?

<p>Decides whether bills will go to the floor, sets debate rules, and schedules votes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during floor action in the House?

<p>Members can make amendments, debate the merits of the bill, and there is limited debate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during committee action in the Senate?

<p>Bills can be amended, hearings are held, and reports are produced for the full Senate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during floor action in the Senate?

<p>Members can make amendments and debate the merits of the bill with unlimited debate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the President's involvement in a bill?

<p>The President can sign the bill, veto it, let it become law, or pocket veto it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do bills fail?

<p>Because of how difficult it is to pass a bill; they must be approved by committees and both chambers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a filibuster?

<p>A formal way of halting action on a bill by means of long speeches or unlimited debate in the Senate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a discharge petition?

<p>A petition that gives a majority of the House the authority to bring an issue to the floor despite committee inaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is logrolling?

<p>Voting 'yes' to support a colleague's bill in return for a promise of support in the future.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is specialization in the context of labor?

<p>If someone specializes in a field of labor, they pursue that career.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Legislative Oversight

  • Congressional review of agency, department, or office activities.

Necessary and Proper Clause

  • Grants Congress authority to pass laws necessary to implement enumerated powers.

Standing Committee

  • Permanent committee that reviews proposed bills and continues from one Congress to the next.

Joint Committee

  • Committee established to expedite business between the two houses and focus on major public issues.

Special Committees

  • Temporary committees appointed for specific purposes like special investigations or studies.

Conference Committee

  • Joint committee created to reconcile differences between House and Senate versions of legislation.

Subcommittees

  • Specialized groups within committees focusing on specific policy areas.

Legislative Committees

  • Not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution but play crucial roles in the legislative process.

Legislative Committee Assignments

  • Party leaders assign members to committees based on influence, constituent needs, and specialized knowledge.

Functions and Purpose of Committees

  • Divide workload, consider bills, oversee the executive branch, conduct investigations, and hold hearings on issues.

Committees at Work

  • Many bills fail in committee stages, which may include hearings and markups.

Basic Steps for a Bill to Become Law

  • Drafting, consideration by the House and Senate, reconciliation by a conference committee, and presidential approval.

Bill Introduction in the House

  • Introduced only by members; revenue bills must originate in the House.

Bill Introduction in the Senate

  • Similar to the House; can be drafted by various stakeholders.

Committee Action in the House

  • Bills may be amended and produce reports for full House consideration.

Rules Committee Action in the House

  • Determines floor schedule, debate rules, and vote timing for bills.

Floor Action in the House

  • Limited debate and the ability to amend bills.

Committee Action in the Senate

  • Similar procedures to the House, including hearings and amendments.

Floor Action in the Senate

  • Allows unlimited debate and amendments, facilitating detailed discussion of bills.

Presidential Involvement in a Bill

  • Options include signing, vetoing, allowing it to become law, or using a pocket veto.

Reasons Bills Fail

  • Difficulties in passing; must be approved by committees and both legislative chambers.

Filibuster

  • A tactic to prolong debate in the Senate and delay or block action on a bill.

Discharge Petition

  • Enables a majority of the House to bring an issue to the floor despite committee inaction.

Logrolling

  • A practice of mutual support among legislators for their respective bills.

Specialization

  • Pursuing expertise in a specific field within legislative committees aids in effective division of labor.

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Description

This quiz covers the various types of legislative committees in the U.S. Congress and their functions. You'll learn about standing, joint, special, and conference committees, as well as the important role of subcommittees. Test your understanding of how these entities contribute to the legislative process.

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