Legislative and Executive Branch Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is required for Congress to override a Presidential veto?

  • 3/5 members of Congress
  • A simple majority of members
  • 2/3 members of Congress (correct)
  • Unanimous consent from both houses

What is a filibuster used for in the Senate?

  • To expedite the voting process
  • To delay or block a vote (correct)
  • To introduce new amendments
  • To approve a new bill

How many senators represent each state?

  • Three
  • Varies by population
  • Two (correct)
  • One

What is the role of a Conference committee in the legislative process?

<p>To review bills and send them to the President (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clause allows Congress to exercise powers not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution?

<p>The Necessary and Proper clause (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age requirement to be a member of the U.S. House of Representatives?

<p>25 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Pork-Barrel Projects?

<p>Projects included in a bill to benefit a specific district (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to approve or reject Presidential appointments?

<p>The Senate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What voting power does the Vice President have in the Senate?

<p>Can only vote in case of a tie (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What privileges do Congress members have regarding postal services?

<p>Free mailing privileges for official communications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of jurisdiction allows a court to be the first to hear a case?

<p>Original jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which court has exclusive jurisdiction over a particular type of case?

<p>Supreme court (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason federal courts hear cases?

<p>Disputes between citizens of the same state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who chooses the President and Vice President in the electoral process?

<p>The House for the President and the Senate for the Vice President (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government is responsible for creating executive orders?

<p>Executive branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these represents a check on the judicial branch by the legislative branch?

<p>Impeach judges (A), Confirm judicial nominations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the situation where two different courts can hear the same case?

<p>Concurrent jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can the President issue to mitigate the consequences of a legal decision?

<p>Pardons and reprieves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main roles of the judicial branch in relation to laws?

<p>Declaring laws as unconstitutional (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a case that would fall under federal jurisdiction?

<p>Involvement of U.S. diplomats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the legislative branch influence the judicial branch?

<p>Enacting new laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which position is chosen by the Senate during the electoral process?

<p>Vice President (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a role of the executive branch?

<p>Creating laws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of jurisdiction allows a court to hear an appeal from a lower court?

<p>Appellate jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does the executive branch have regarding judicial nominations?

<p>Propose nominations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the judicial branch check the executive branch?

<p>By declaring executive actions unconstitutional (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cases falls under admiralty and maritime laws?

<p>Crimes committed on boats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which government body plays a role in approving the appointments of judges?

<p>Senate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is known for manipulating district boundaries to favor one political party during elections?

<p>Gerrymandering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pocket veto?

<p>Not signing a bill, causing it to be rejected (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the eligibility requirements to become president?

<p>Must be a U.S. citizen and at least 35 years old (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of the president's Cabinet?

<p>To assist the president in carrying out duties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are executive orders?

<p>Directives issued by the president with the effect of law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the U.S. Supreme Court is true regarding its terms?

<p>Supreme Court justices serve for life unless they resign or are impeached (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a role of the president?

<p>Chief justice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the power of judicial review primarily associated with?

<p>Interpreting the Constitution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following goals is part of the Foreign policy?

<p>World security (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of majority opinions in the Supreme Court?

<p>It represents the opinion of more than half of the justices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Legislative Branch Power

The legislative branch's power to approve or reject Presidential appointments.

Bill to Law Process

Congress creates bills, which are reviewed by committees and voted on. The President can approve or veto a bill.

Bill of Attainder

The government's right to punish a person guilty of a crime.

Conference Committee

Reviews bills and sends them to the President for approval.

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Overriding a Veto

2/3 of Congress is needed to override a Presidential veto.

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Filibuster

A tactic to delay or block a vote in the Senate.

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Senate Representation

Each state has two representatives in the Senate.

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Necessary and Proper Clause

Allows Congress to carry out powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution.

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Pork-Barrel Projects

When something is slipped into a bill to benefit a specific district.

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Qualifications for the Senate

The requirements to be a candidate in the U.S. Senate: 25 years old, U.S citizen for two years, resident of the represented district for at least one year

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Executive Branch

The branch of the US government responsible for enforcing laws.

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Pardon

A power of the President to excuse someone's crime.

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Foreign Policy

A set of goals related to a country's relationship with other countries.

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Pocket Veto

A veto that occurs when a president does not sign a bill within a specified time.

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Natural Born Citizen

A person who is a citizen by birth in a specific country.

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Electoral College

The group of people chosen by each state to formally elect the president and vice-president.

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Judicial Review

The power of the court to examine laws and determine if they are constitutional.

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Majority Opinion

The opinion of the majority of judges on a court case.

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Dissenting Opinion

The opinion of judges who disagree with the majority opinion.

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Gerrymandering

The practice of manipulating electoral district boundaries to gain an advantage in elections.

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Original Jurisdiction

The authority of a court to hear a case for the first time.

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Exclusive Jurisdiction

When a specific court is the only one allowed to hear a particular type of case.

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Appellate Jurisdiction

A higher court's power to review decisions made by lower courts.

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Federal Court Cases

Cases that involve the U.S. Constitution, federal laws, or disputes between states or citizens of different states.

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Checks and Balances

A system designed to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.

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Legislative Check on Executive

The legislative branch can approve or reject presidential appointments, impeach the president, and override presidential vetoes.

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Legislative Check on Judicial

The legislative branch can impeach and remove judges from office, change a court's jurisdiction, and create new laws that affect the court's decisions.

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Executive Check on Legislative

The president can veto legislation passed by Congress.

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Executive Check on Judicial

The president appoints federal judges, who are then confirmed by the Senate.

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Judicial Check on Executive and Legislative

The judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional, which can overturn decisions made by the other branches of government.

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Executive Branch Power

The power of the executive branch to propose laws, veto legislation, and issue executive orders. This branch is responsible for enforcing laws and carrying out government operations.

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Judicial Branch Power

The power of the judicial branch to interpret laws and declare them unconstitutional. This branch is responsible for ensuring that laws are applied fairly and consistently.

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Checks and Balances: Legislative to Executive

The legislative branch can check the power of the executive branch by rejecting appointments, overriding Presidential vetoes, and impeaching the President.

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Checks and Balances: Executive to Legislative

The executive branch can check the power of the legislative branch by vetoing legislation and calling special sessions of Congress.

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Checks and Balances: Judicial to Legislative

The judicial branch can check the power of the legislative branch by declaring laws unconstitutional.

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Checks and Balances: Judicial to Executive

The judicial branch can check the power of the executive branch by declaring executive orders unconstitutional.

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Separation of Powers

The division of governmental power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. This principle is designed to ensure that no single branch has absolute control and to create a system of checks and balances.

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Study Notes

Legislative Branch

  • Congress has the power to approve or reject Presidential appointments
  • Bill becomes a law:
    • Congress proposes ideas
    • Bill is proposed to the House
    • Bill goes to committees for discussion
    • Congress debates and votes on the bill
    • President can veto or approve the bill
    • Conference committee reviews and sends to the President
    • 2/3 of Congress needed to override a veto
    • Filibuster can delay or block a vote
  • Each state has two senators and representatives based on population
  • Necessary and Proper Clause allows Congress to carry out powers
  • "Pork Barrel" projects are additions to bills to benefit the proposer's district
  • Franking privileges allow Congress members to send mail for free

Executive Branch

  • President has power to pardon
  • Foreign policy goals: national security, international trade, world democracy, world peace
  • President can use a pocket veto
  • If President is unable to fulfill duties, Congress can choose the Vice President
  • Presidential roles include Commander-in-Chief

Judicial Branch

  • Judicial Review: interprets the Constitution
  • US Supreme Court terms have no limit
  • Types of Opinions: Majority, Dissenting, Concurring
  • Court Jurisdiction Levels: Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals, District Courts
  • Original jurisdiction: the first court hearing a case
  • Exclusive jurisdiction: the only court that can hear a case
  • Appellate jurisdiction: a court that repeats a case (tries again)
  • Federal court cases include: Constitution, Federal law, disputes between states, citizens of different states, federal or foreign governments, treaties, admiralty/maritime law, U.S. diplomats

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key functions and powers of the Legislative and Executive branches of the U.S. government. This quiz covers Congress's role in law-making, the president's powers, and important concepts like vetoes and appropriations. Dive deep into the workings of American politics.

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