Legends, Folktales, and Fairytales Unit

Questions and Answers

What does the difference in how Fabien spoke to his peer and to the volunteer demonstrate?

Bruno is in the pre-production stage of language acquisition.

True

Which communication strategy would benefit a student with a language disorder?

Use sentence completion and cloze techniques.

Why will students with home languages from Latin find it easier to learn English science vocabulary?

The lexical items are similar. Signup and view all the answers

What linguistic concept are teachers deepening when they expand student understanding of spelling rules?

Orthography Signup and view all the answers

What instructional strategy is the high school teacher utilizing by showing her ELLs that many words in Spanish and English have nearly identical spellings and meanings?

Matching cognates Signup and view all the answers

What hypothesis does Mr. Duffy support regarding language acquisition?

Critical period hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

Why is a translated standardized test unlikely to yield accurate results for ELL students?

Cultural differences can lead to confusion among students. Signup and view all the answers

What describes a practice of studying Latino traditions of oral storytelling in a class primarily consisting of Latino students?

Culturally responsive pedagogy Signup and view all the answers

How can a teacher best assess fifth-grade ELL students' science skills and knowledge?

Use various assessment measures, including demonstration and oral performance. Signup and view all the answers

What would be the best response for a teacher noticing an ELL student making errors with inflectional endings when reading aloud?

Plan a lesson to explicitly teach specific rules related to the inflectional endings. Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do ELL students gain from recognizing the positives of being biliterate and bilingual?

They can understand the benefits of being proficient in more than one language. Signup and view all the answers

Which issues does negative language transfer account for? Select all that apply.

Foreign accents Signup and view all the answers

When should Mrs. Brunson pause during her instruction to help ELL students?

After every complete thought. Signup and view all the answers

How can a teacher best differentiate a lesson on identifying the main idea for ELL students?

Include visual supports, like a related illustration of the text. Signup and view all the answers

Directing students' focus to content, not culture, is an effective practice for Mr. Keeve.

False Signup and view all the answers

What strategy will help all ELLs in a fifth-grade class complete an essay assignment?

Providing differentiated graphic organizers based on proficiency level. Signup and view all the answers

What is one main benefit of using onset/rime activities for Spanish students learning English?

Onset/rime helps students learn to decode. Signup and view all the answers

What does the word wall activity help English language learners with?

Word analysis Signup and view all the answers

What reading comprehension skill is Carlos most likely to struggle with compared to his peers?

How to skim a text for information. Signup and view all the answers

How can a teacher differentiate a KWL chart activity to support intermediate ELL students?

Pre-teach important and unfamiliar vocabulary and provide a word bank with definitions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of projecting an image of Abraham Lincoln and asking students what they know about him?

Builds background knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment format is likely to cause issues for a student with language differences?

Essay Signup and view all the answers

What accommodation should be made for an ELL student during a reading assessment?

Use a reading passage that can be supported by the student's schema. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate response when ELL students have the lowest grades in homework?

Have the teacher ensure that the homework demonstrates the students' academic abilities. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the English language makes it difficult for ELL students?

Deep orthography. Signup and view all the answers

Why might ELL students from Mexico and Colombia speak more monotonously than native students?

Spanish is a syllable-timed language, while English is a stress-timed language. Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate way for a beginning-level ELL to be assessed on the life cycle of a butterfly?

Use drawings and oral responses. Signup and view all the answers

What regular strategy should a teacher implement to complement reading instruction for early elementary ELs?

Include frequent academic and social opportunities for English learners to practice vocabulary. Signup and view all the answers

What recommendation is most appropriate for ELL students nervous about presentations in a research project?

Each student practices in a small group and uses the feedback to improve their presentation. Signup and view all the answers

What do the errors in the student's excerpt primarily involve?

Misplaced modifiers. Signup and view all the answers

Formative assessments provide students with a grade to compare with their peers.

False Signup and view all the answers

What two things can a teacher do to help ESL students develop comprehension skills?

Activate prior knowledge and teach self-monitoring techniques. Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate modification for intermediate-level learners in a content-based ELD lesson?

Providing glossaries. Signup and view all the answers

What specific instruction might help ELL students understand phrases like 'It’s raining cats and dogs'?

Semantics. Signup and view all the answers

What metacognitive questions might an ESL teacher provide during a writing assignment? Select all that apply.

What is the purpose of my piece? Signup and view all the answers

What option would best encourage a new ELL student to practice speaking with classmates?

Allow time before and after activities for students to chat with their desk mates. Signup and view all the answers

What strategy could help a fifth-grade ELL teacher promote natural intonation and phrasing in reading?

Sharing a read-aloud and having students echo-read the same text. Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest advantage of a self-made dictionary over a standard dictionary for students?

Students are more likely to recognize and remember the definitions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate adjustment for a social studies test given to an ELL student?

Provide a glossary of terms found on the test. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an anecdotal record in an ESL portfolio?

A teacher note on a task the teacher observed. Signup and view all the answers

How can a bilingual teacher promote English language and literacy development for older beginner-level ELLs?

Design literacy units that build on current language skills and past experiences. Signup and view all the answers

What approach did Mrs. Albertson take to help her new ELL student?

Build on the student's prior knowledge and language skills. Signup and view all the answers

Which program model integrates ESL instruction with subject matter instruction?

Content-based ESL model. Signup and view all the answers

What activity can facilitate English language acquisition by relating known words to new vocabulary?

Think of similar words in the primary language. Signup and view all the answers

What engaging strategy can Mr. Ramsey use to promote vocabulary expansion for ELLs?

Use activities to internalize language. Signup and view all the answers

Why is teaching ELL students to request clarification useful for their language acquisition?

It teaches students a strategy for overcoming gaps in comprehension. Signup and view all the answers

How should Mrs. Lester select books for her unit on legends, folktales, and fairytales?

Select books from varying cultural perspectives to gain a wide knowledge base of the studied literary genres. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following must be completed before creating a final schedule for a student from Nicaragua?

Review recommendations of the LPAC Signup and view all the answers

When selecting a text for ELL students, an ESOL teacher should consider how well the text translates into students' native languages.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the reasoning behind interactive, learner-centered instructional activities that incorporate students' cultural and language backgrounds?

They promote academic success. Signup and view all the answers

Arturo can read grade-level texts with appropriate rate, speed, intonation, and expression. This is a characteristic of which reading proficiency level?

Advanced High Signup and view all the answers

What speaking proficiency level is Roberto demonstrating characteristics of when he uses academic vocabulary but has significant pauses?

Intermediate Signup and view all the answers

Based on the description, what listening proficiency level is Leticia most likely at?

Beginning Signup and view all the answers

What should Mr. Driscoll do to help Kai, an ELL who doesn't participate in class?

Respect Kai's silent period. Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest benefit of asking Margie to describe what she has read during her reading assignment?

Mr. Ellis will be able to target instruction to benefit Margie's needs. Signup and view all the answers

Which academic programs would best ensure the success of ELL students?

Programs that use a standards-based approach. Signup and view all the answers

In which domains must education for English language learners be responsive according to Texas state law?

Linguistic, academic, and affective. Signup and view all the answers

What can Ms. Klein ask Juan to ensure he understands the concept of gravity?

To elaborate in his response and give an example. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary result of the Castañeda v. Pickard court case?

A trial period of an ESL program is necessary to determine its effectiveness. Signup and view all the answers

What should Mr. Thompson initially consider when helping students with group work difficulties?

The students' home cultures may have different views on conflict resolution. Signup and view all the answers

What can a teacher provide to support a beginning ELL student struggling with vocabulary?

Provide picture cards with common vocabulary words. Signup and view all the answers

Mrs. Burns creates a competitive atmosphere in the classroom to motivate students.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which language program is Mrs. Romero most likely working within?

Early exit bilingual Signup and view all the answers

What can Ms. Samson do to assist her intermediate-level ELLs with homework describing photosynthesis?

Provide them with sentence frames. Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest benefit of incorporating literature that reflects various cultural and literary traditions into instruction?

Students are better able to understand perspectives, values, and beliefs beyond those that are familiar. Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the adjustment stage of culture shock?

A person becomes more comfortable with the new culture and navigation becomes easier. Signup and view all the answers

What might be causing ELLs in Mr. Bruno's trivia game to score lower than their native English-speaking peers?

The ELLs require more time to process information. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Lau vs. Nichols ruling require schools to do?

Schools must scaffold and provide other strategies to make input comprehensible. Signup and view all the answers

What listening proficiency level should an advanced student have to understand implicit information?

An advanced student can understand most main points and important details, and some implicit information. Signup and view all the answers

What can be expected from intermediate students when asked to identify causes or effects in a story?

They can answer using a simple or incomplete sentence. Signup and view all the answers

Which bilingual education program model is designed to expedite the acquisition of English?

Early-exit transitional Signup and view all the answers

Why is dual language education recognized as the best type of bilingual education?

It gives both languages equal importance. Signup and view all the answers

What concept about culture adaptation does the behavior of ELL students in the middle school class exemplify?

Cultural identity levels can vary among individuals that live in a culture different from their own heritage. Signup and view all the answers

Why might middle school ELL students struggle with the current assignment on word order?

They are having a conflict with the rules from their first language. Signup and view all the answers

Interaction in small groups is not an effective way to hold students accountable for their own learning.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for the idea that the human brain's capacity to acquire language appears to diminish over time?

Critical period hypothesis. Signup and view all the answers

What does the affective filter theory support regarding second language acquisition?

A teacher corrects every word that comes out of a student's mouth, and as a result, the student stops speaking. Signup and view all the answers

What component of language is the student having difficulty with when he says, 'Chris play with me during recess'?

Morphology is the study of the structure and construction of words. Signup and view all the answers

What principle is the elementary student using when she says the word 'encounter' in three chunks?

Segmentation. Signup and view all the answers

What stage of Second Language Acquisition is Daniel, an ELL from Chile, most likely to fall into?

Early Production. Signup and view all the answers

Which ELL student is using a circumlocution strategy?

An ELL who uses the following description: 'It's a fruit. It's a red, purple color. It has a lot of seeds. It's a little sour.' Signup and view all the answers

What approach does the lesson planned by Ms. Jameson suggest she is a fan of?

Multisensory approach. Signup and view all the answers

What concept does Mrs. Summerville's instructional activities on synonyms and antonyms cover?

Semantics. Signup and view all the answers

What should Mr. Starke understand about Gia's silence in class?

The silent period is a normal stage in language acquisition. Signup and view all the answers

What is needed to help an advanced English learner fix fossilized errors?

Explicit instruction and multiple interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What instructional activity would be appropriate for Hannah in the early production stage of language acquisition?

Asking her to respond to yes/no or either/or questions. Signup and view all the answers

Which strategies would likely help a student struggling with fossilization of errors? (Select all that apply)

Having students keep a record of written errors as part of a language portfolio. Signup and view all the answers

What concept related to literacy development do Mr. Clark's morphology lessons demonstrate?

Students who learn roots, prefixes, and suffixes can more easily decode new vocabulary while reading. Signup and view all the answers

What does the linguistic term language acquisition refer to?

Learning a first or second language as a process, either piece by piece, or through a total immersive experience. Signup and view all the answers

What was Fabien's statement to his peer indicating?

He was expressing eagerness about receiving cookies. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Selecting Books for ELL Classrooms

Choose literature reflecting diverse cultural perspectives to enhance understanding of legends, folktales, and fairytales.

Enrollment Process for ELL Students

Review LPAC recommendations before finalizing the student's school schedule.

Text Selection for ELL Students

Consider factors beyond translation into native languages when selecting texts for English language learners (ELLs).

Culturally-Responsive Instruction

Implementing activities rooted in students' native languages and cultures fosters academic success.

Reading Proficiency Levels

"Advanced High" reading proficiency level includes grade-level comprehension with appropriate pace and expression.

Speaking Proficiency Assessment

"Intermediate" speaking proficiency characterized by short phrases, academic vocabulary usage, and occasional pronunciation errors.

Listening Proficiency Level

"Beginning" listening proficiency involves difficulty understanding basic conversations with limited comprehension.

Understanding Silent Period in ELLs

Acknowledge and respect the silent period as a normal phase in language acquisition for ELL students.

Instructional Techniques for Targeted Learning

Asking students to articulate their understanding encourages tailored instructional support to meet their needs.

Effective Academic Programs for ELLs

Implement standards-based programs that specifically address ELL needs to enhance academic success.

Domains of Responsive Education

Texas law mandates ELL education to be responsive in linguistic, academic, and affective domains.

Enhancing Understanding of Concepts

Encourage students to elaborate on responses and provide examples to assess comprehension deeply.

Castañeda v. Pickard Outcome

The ruling emphasizes the necessity of trial periods for evaluating the effectiveness of ESL programs.

Cultural Views on Conflict Resolution

Recognize differing cultural perspectives on conflict resolution to facilitate teamwork in diverse groups.

Supporting Vocabulary Acquisition

Utilize picture cards to assist beginning ELLs in grasping basic vocabulary.

Classroom Environment

Avoid creating a competitive atmosphere that may hinder motivation and learning in a culturally responsive classroom.

Language Program Characteristics

Early exit bilingual education incorporates native language instruction for substantial content comprehension.

Assisting Intermediate ELLs

Provide sentence frames to support intermediate-level ELLs in completing writing assignments.

Benefits of Diverse Literature

Integrating literature from various cultures enriches students' understanding of diverse perspectives and values.

Adjustment Stage of Culture Shock

Individuals in this stage find comfort in the new culture, leading to easier navigation of cultural differences.

Processing Information in ELL Groups

ELLs may require additional processing time during group activities, which can impact their performance.

Lau vs. Nichols Court Ruling

Schools must implement scaffolding and strategies to make content comprehensible for ELLs.

Listening Proficiency and Implicit Understanding

Advanced listening proficiency allows students to grasp main ideas and some implicit information.

Expectation in Oral Language Tasks

Intermediate ELLs may respond with simple or incomplete sentences when asked to identify cause and effect.

Early-Exit Programs

Early-exit transitional bilingual education focuses on quick English acquisition integration with native speakers.

Advantages of Dual Language Education

Recognized for equally prioritizing both languages while ensuring continual instruction throughout the student's education.

Cultural Identity in ELLs

Cultural identity varies significantly among ELLs adapting to a new culture, influencing their social interactions.

Language Rules Conflict

ELL students may struggle with English due to conflicts with rules established in their first language.

Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning

Collaborative group work encourages language use and offers students opportunities to develop academic language.

Critical Period Hypothesis

Suggests a natural decline in the brain's ability to acquire language over time.

Affective Filter Theory

Emotional states such as fear or boredom can hinder second language acquisition.

Morphology and Language Learning

Understanding morphology involves learning structures that form words, including suffix application.

Segmentation in Pronunciation

Breaking down words into smaller parts illustrates segmentation as a pronunciation strategy.

Early Production Stage

ELLs in this stage typically produce limited, sometimes grammatically incorrect responses.

Utilizing Circumlocution

Describing an object when its name is unknown demonstrates the use of circumlocution as a communication strategy.

Multisensory Teaching Approaches

Engaging students through diverse sensory experiences enhances comprehension and retention of information.

Semantic Understanding

Synonyms and antonyms are fundamental elements of semantics, enriching vocabulary comprehension.

Silent Period in Language Acquisition

Normal phase; students should not be pressured to speak until they feel ready.

Addressing Fossilization of Errors

Explicit instruction and numerous practice opportunities are necessary to correct long-standing language errors.

Yes/No and Either/Or Questions

As a suitable activity, these types of questions support ELLs in practice during the early production stage.

Strategies Against Fossilization

Listening to recorded errors and maintaining a portfolio of written mistakes help in addressing language fossilization.

Role of Morphology in Vocabulary Learning

Understanding root words aids in decoding and comprehending new vocabulary through structural knowledge.

Definition of Language Acquisition

Process of learning a language through immersive experiences or through systematic, piece-by-piece learning.

Competence in Register Usage

Adjusting speech levels based on the audience demonstrates understanding of language register differences.

Pre-Production Stage of Language Acquisition

Minimal communication indicates ELLs are likely in the pre-production phase, characterized by extensive non-verbal communication.

Communication Strategies for Sentence Formation

Utilizing sentence completion tools assists students in formulating coherent and meaningful sentences.

Recognition of Lexical Similarities

ELL students with Latin-based home languages find learning English vocabulary easier due to shared lexical items.

Understanding Orthography

Ongoing instruction in spelling rules deepens learners' grasp of orthographic conventions in English.

Matching Cognates Strategy

ELLs benefit from lessons connecting similar words in different languages to build vocabulary knowledge.### Critical Period Hypothesis
Belief that language acquisition has an optimal period ending at puberty.
Teachers of high-school English Language Learners (ELLs) might find their roles more challenging than those teaching younger learners.

Testing and Cultural Differences

Standardized tests translated into students' native languages may not yield accurate results due to cultural differences causing confusion.

Culturally Responsive Pedagogy

Involves teaching students about their traditions, such as Latino oral storytelling, and enabling them to present their own stories.

Assessment Techniques for ELLs

Utilize diverse assessment methods, including demonstrations and performance tasks, to accurately gauge learning.
Pre-teaching vocabulary and utilizing visuals can support comprehension.

Language Transfer Issues

Negative language transfer can lead to errors such as misuse of false cognates, word order mistakes, and foreign accents.

Instructional Strategies

Teachers should pause after every complete thought to aid ELL understanding during lectures.
Activities using KWL charts (Know, Want to know, Learned) promote engagement and understanding, especially when vocabulary is pre-taught.

Language Development and Vocabulary

Graphic organizers differentiated by proficiency levels can help ELLs complete assignments.
Onset/rime activities assist in decoding English words.

Interactions and Engagement

Creating opportunities for casual conversations among peers can foster communication skills in new ELLs.

Teaching Fluency

Read-aloud sessions that emphasize intonation and echo-reading help develop fluency in reading among ELLs.

Writing Assessments

Tasks requiring essay format can be challenging for ELLs; alternative formats or supports should be considered.

Promoting Bilingual Benefits

Emphasizing the advantages of bilingualism can motivate ELLs to engage with their studies and develop language skills.

Comprehension Strategies

Activate prior knowledge and teach self-monitoring techniques to enhance reading comprehension among ELLs.

Cultural Awareness in Education

Developing cultural competence and focusing on both content and culture in lessons are essential for supporting ELL students effectively.

Formative Assessments

Such assessments provide ongoing feedback and highlight student capabilities rather than language limitations.

Effective Collaborative Learning

Small group practices can boost students' confidence for presentations, allowing for feedback and improvement.

Vocabulary Development and Self-made Resources

Students create dictionaries for personal vocabulary lists, enhancing recognition and retention of definitions.

Glossaries and Reference Tools

Providing glossaries for tests can significantly support ELLs and enhance their understanding of test material.

Tailored Instruction Approaches

For ELLs, lessons should build on existing language skills and make connections to new concepts for improved language acquisition.

Content-Based ESL Models

These programs focus on using English as a medium for learning other academic subjects, rather than solely teaching English in isolation.

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Description

This quiz focuses on selecting diverse literary texts such as legends, folktales, and fairytales for an English class with English language learners. It emphasizes the importance of including books from various cultural perspectives to enhance students' understanding and appreciation of these genres.