Legal Terminology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a 'set off' in legal terms?

A cross-claim for the recovery of money where the defendant subtracts debts owed to them by the plaintiff from the plaintiff's claimed dues.

What is a 'settlement' in a legal context?

An agreement reached by the parties involved in a case to resolve their dispute.

What is a 'special court'?

It's a court within the judicial system with specialized jurisdiction, often focusing on a particular area of law or having specific powers.

What defines the 'stage of the case'?

The steps or stages a case progresses through during its legal process. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'statute' in legal terminology?

A law passed by a legislative body at the municipal, state, or federal level. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between 'substantive' and 'procedural' law?

Substantive law defines rights, duties, and powers of parties, while procedural law outlines the steps and procedures for enforcing those rights and duties. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'suit' in legal terms?

A civil action initiated by a party or parties against another in a court of law. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'summons'?

A document served on a person commanding them to appear in court and respond to a complaint filed against them. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a 'surety' in bail?

A surety is a person who guarantees the accused person's appearance in court after being granted bail, providing a security deposit that is forfeited if the accused doesn't show up. Signup and view all the answers

What is 'testimony' in a legal proceeding?

Evidence presented in court by a witness under oath. Signup and view all the answers

What is 'theft' in legal terms?

The dishonest removal of movable property from someone's possession without their consent. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'writ of mandamus'?

An order from a court of higher jurisdiction to compel a lower court, tribunal, commission, or individual to perform an action required by law or refrain from an illegal action. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'writ of habeas corpus'?

A court order requiring the production of a detained person before the court to determine the lawfulness of their imprisonment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'writ of prohibition'?

An extraordinary writ that prevents a lower court or quasi-judicial body from exceeding its jurisdiction. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'writ of quo warranto'?

A writ to restrain someone from holding a civil office for which they are not entitled. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'writ of certiorari'?

A writ issued by a higher court, like the Supreme Court or High Court, to review the decision of a lower court, tribunal, or quasi-judicial body. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writ requires a person to appear in court to determine the legality of their detention?

Writ of Habeas Corpus (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writ prevents a court from overstepping its legal authority?

Writ of Prohibition (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writ is used to compel a lower court or official to perform a legal duty?

Writ of Mandamus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writ is issued to review a decision made by a lower court?

Writ of Certiorari (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writ is used to challenge the right of a person to hold a civil office?

Writ of Quo Warranto (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'settlement' in the context of legal disputes?

An agreement reached by the involved parties to resolve their dispute. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'stage of the case'?

The sequential steps involved in the progression of a legal case. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'statute'?

A law passed by a legislative body at the local, state, or national level. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'substantive law'?

A law that defines rights, duties, and powers, such as criminal offenses and penalties or civil rights and responsibilities. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the purpose of a 'summons' in legal proceedings.

A document ordering a person to appear in court to respond to a complaint filed against them. Signup and view all the answers

Define 'theft' as a legal term.

The dishonest taking of movable property without the owner's consent. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'mandamus writ'?

An order issued by a higher court to compel a lower court, tribunal, or individual to perform an action required by law. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the purpose of a 'habeas corpus writ'?

A court order requiring the release of a person detained unlawfully. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the function of a 'prohibition writ'?

A writ issued by a higher court prohibiting a lower court or quasi-judicial body from exceeding its jurisdiction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a 'quo warranto writ'?

A writ to challenge the legality of a person holding a civil office, questioning their right to the position. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'certiorari writ'?

A writ issued by a higher court to review and potentially quash a decision made by a lower court, tribunal, or quasi-judicial body. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Set off

A kind of cross-claim where the defendant reduces their debt by the amount the plaintiff owes them.

Settlement

An agreement reached by parties in a case to resolve their dispute.