Legal Aspects of Globalization

A legal ideology that emphasizes the central role of the nation-state in defining and enforcing law, with every legal system confined to a specific geographical area.

A monetary system where the value of a currency is directly tied to a fixed amount of gold, ensuring stability.

Refers to the governance of people, emphasizing the importance of leadership and wise rulers in maintaining societal harmony.

The concept of rule of law in Chinese philosophy, where laws are applied fairly and impartially, encompassing both legal and moral principles.

A metaphorical concept describing the importance of strategic geographical locations to global power and influence.

A system of international governance that arose in Europe, where states were bound by shared legal principles and practices.

A situation where a market experiences a rapid increase in asset prices, driven by speculation and unrealistic expectations, followed by a sharp decline.

The process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence between countries, driven by trade, technology, culture, and other factors.

The World Trade Organisation (WTO) primarily manages global trade regulations between nations, aiming to ensure trade flows smoothly, predictably and freely.

The idea that the people's sovereignty is transferred through a constitution, establishing a chain of legitimacy.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank (WB), and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) form the three pillars of Bretton Woods institutionalized multilateralism.

Comparative law emerged as a distinct academic field in the 19th and 20th centuries arising from the study of private international law.

The Peace of Westphalia is conventionally considered the birth of the modern state.

Professor Coleman's article argues that American constitutionalism is rooted in the ideas of Hobbes, Locke, and Madison, all of whom share a Hobbesian foundation in their political philosophy.

The second generation of 'Law and Development' shifted focus from state-driven reforms to market-oriented policies, particularly in the early 1980s.

American legal realism emphasizes the difference between law as it is written (law in books) and how it is applied in practice (law in action).

A theoretical framework for understanding the nature and function of law, emphasizing the separation of law from morality and politics.

A system established after World War II that aimed to regulate the global economy and maintain peace through a combination of fixed exchange rates, international institutions, and multilateral agreements.

Private companies, often with government support, that engaged in large-scale trading and colonial ventures, demonstrating the early forms of international economic interaction.

A concept exploring how legal practices transcend national borders, forming a distinct legal order that operates alongside both international and domestic law.

An economic philosophy championed by Adam Smith, advocating for minimal government intervention in the market, allowing for economic growth through free competition.

The practice of forcibly imposing Western legal systems on colonized territories, often displacing indigenous legal traditions and claiming superiority.

A broad concept that explores the cultural context of law, examining the values, beliefs, and social practices that shape legal systems and their application.

The United States Senate's refusal to join the League of Nations, a peacekeeping organization formed after World War I, reflecting a preference for isolationism and a rejection of international involvement.

The idea that legal systems are becoming more interconnected and interdependent due to globalization, leading to shared norms and practices.

The study of how different legal systems are compared and contrasted, emphasizing the similarities and differences between them.

A legal theory focused on the practical application of law in real-world situations, recognizing that law is not just a set of abstract rules but a dynamic and evolving system.

A legal system characterized by its focus on broad principles and general rules, leaving room for interpretation and application based on specific cases.

A process of domination and control over a territory and its people by an external power.

Legal systems that combine elements and characteristics from different legal families.

The belief that universal values exist and should be promoted globally, leading to the spread of Western legal systems.

Globalization´s impact on the relationship between power and territory is altering the Westphalian order, which emphasizes state sovereignty and international law.

The Westphalian order, based on international law and state sovereignty, is being challenged by globalization.

The process of standardization of laws globally, often accompanied by economic forces that create inequalities in wealth and power.

The first law, according to Vico, received by men from heroes in the form of the first agrarian laws.

The US refused to join the League of Nations, which was established by the Treaty of Versailles to prevent future wars. While they were willing to participate in ensuring peace, they opposed the idea of becoming bound by the League's rules.

This article, also known as the "war guilt clause", held Germany solely responsible for starting World War I and imposed harsh reparations upon them. Many historians argue that this harsh treatment contributed to German resentment and the rise of Nazi ideology later on.

The League of Nations was created by the Treaty of Versailles after World War I to promote international cooperation and peace. Sadly, it proved ineffective due to the lack of enforcement power and the absence of major powers like the US, which ultimately led to its failure.

This refers to the event where Italy, a League member, invaded and conquered Ethiopia, another member state, violating the League's principles. The inaction of the League in this conflict highlighted its weakness and inability to prevent future aggressions.

The 1919 Paris Peace Conference aimed to establish peace after World War I, focusing primarily on Europe. However, despite its global ambitions, the conference primarily involved European powers and failed to incorporate a truly global perspective.

The "aequalitas" of the "justi hostes" refers to the principle of equality between warring states. This concept, championed by Gentili, transformed the legal basis of war by shifting away from the traditional justifications based on divine authority and towards a more rational approach.

The "Amity lines" represent a period of geopolitical tension between Catholic powers and Protestant sea powers, marked by religious conflicts and territorial disputes over land and resources. This period is characterized by the clash of ideologies and competing interests, fueled by religious differences.

Article 227 of the Treaty of Versailles targeted Wilhelm II, the former German Kaiser, by creating a new type of international crime, holding him personally responsible for war crimes. This aimed to impose accountability on him for his role in the war.