LEEA Foundation Certificate - Measurement Units
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Questions and Answers

What is the generally accepted unit for marking a Safe Working Load (SWL) that is less than one tonne?

  • Metric Tons
  • Kilograms (correct)
  • Pounds
  • Stone

Which of the following is NOT typically one of the measurement conversions mentioned?

  • 1 tonne = 2204.62lbs
  • 1 foot = 10 inches (correct)
  • 1kg = 2.2lbs
  • 1 inch = 25.4mm

What type of documentation is referred to as the 'birth certificate' for new equipment?

  • Safety compliance certificate
  • Proof load testing report
  • Maintenance record
  • Conformity documentation (correct)

Which method of verification might be deemed unnecessary for certain assembled items?

<p>Proof load testing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who determines the verification methods used once equipment is in service?

<p>The Competent Person (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is considered unsuitable for proof load testing?

<p>Textile slings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the conversion factor from pounds to kilograms?

<p>1 lb = 0.45kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about verification and equipment safety is accurate?

<p>Verification must comply with health and safety requirements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is the most commonly used hardness testing method in the lifting equipment industry?

<p>Brinell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Charpy impact test measure?

<p>Energy absorbed during fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which test is the specimen supported at both ends and struck by a pendulum?

<p>Charpy impact test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Izod impact test is true?

<p>Notches are used to ensure initial failure upon impact. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the bend test?

<p>To qualitatively assess the ductility through deformation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many specimens are typically tested during the Charpy impact test at any given temperature?

<p>3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as a key property when measuring notch toughness through impact testing?

<p>Energy absorption capability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is characterized by a materials specimen being notched and held vertically?

<p>Izod impact test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What assumption is made about the slinging factor for endless chain and wire rope slings?

<p>It assumes a choke hitch. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of wire rope slings compared to chain slings?

<p>Wire rope slings are more susceptible to damage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of construction for wires in a sling is generally recommended?

<p>Ordinary lay with a fiber core. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using thimbles in the construction of wire rope slings?

<p>To protect the eye from abrasion and point loading. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario are the ratings of lifting accessories particularly critical?

<p>When using accessories with multiple legs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is critical in ensuring the safety of wire rope slings?

<p>The minimum breaking load of the rope. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of slings are commonly found in the offshore industry?

<p>Five leg wire rope slings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk when using slings for lifting?

<p>Bending slings around loads with small radii. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the aluminium ferrule in the eye formation of a rope?

<p>To secure the eye by flowing into the rope formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum length that the tail should protrude through the ferrule when using square-cut ferrules?

<p>Half of the rope diameter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a rope has been cut by a heat process, what is the recommended maximum protrusion of the tail from the ferrule?

<p>Equal to the rope diameter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to do when using tapered ferrules?

<p>Follow the ferrule manufacturer’s instructions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Flemish eye method, what shape is formed by unraveling three strands?

<p>Y formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured about the strands during the Flemish eye formation?

<p>They should still lay together as they had in the rope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a homogeneous joint when using an aluminium ferrule?

<p>The ferrule flowing into the rope formation under pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be visible through the small view hole in a tapered ferrule?

<p>The tail end of the rope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum peripheral length of a soft eye in relation to the rope lay length?

<p>Four times the rope lay length (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hand-spliced eyes is true?

<p>The method involves threading individual strands back in a prescribed pattern. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are clamp-type grips, known as 'bulldog' grips, not recommended for making slings?

<p>They do not provide a consistent level of safety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of splice should not be used for lifting purposes?

<p>Splices made with the lay of the rope. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a stirrup thimble?

<p>To protect the rope from damage in choked situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to wire rope when the tucks are made against the lay of the rope?

<p>It tends to untwist, posing a safety risk. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the eye formation process, what role does the ferrule play?

<p>It secures strands and grips the rope. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to fit thimbles when making Flemish eyes?

<p>The design of Flemish eyes complicates the process. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Weight Conversions

1 kg equals 2.2 lbs for metric-imperial understanding.

Safe Working Load (SWL)

The maximum load that lifting equipment can safely handle, measured in tonnes or kilograms.

Verification of Equipment

Ensures new equipment meets health and safety standards documented by conformity.

Competent Person

A qualified individual responsible for assessing equipment for fitness post-installation.

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Hardness Testing

Method to verify equipment hardness via indentations after heat treatment.

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Vickers Test

A hardness test using a diamond pyramid to create an indentation.

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Brinell Test

Measures hardness by using a steel ball to form an indentation.

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Rockwell Test

Hardness test that indicates depth of indentation from a minor load to a major load.

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Impact Testing

Evaluates how a material absorbs energy during fracture and shock loading.

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Charpy Test

Test measuring energy absorbed by a notched specimen to determine toughness.

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Izod Test

Tests notch toughness by holding a specimen vertically; assesses fracture energy.

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Bend Test

Qualitative test to assess material strength by deforming at midpoint.

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Sling Ratings

Indicates safe working loads based on attachment methods and use type.

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Wire Rope Slings

Used widely but may sustain damage; need flexibility and minimum breaking load.

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Thimbles

Protect sling eyes from abrasion and point loading; usually made of aluminum ferrules.

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Ferrule Secured Eyes

Eye formation method that requires proper ferrule positioning for security.

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Tapered Ferrules

Eye formation where the rope tail stays within the ferrule, essential to follow instructions.

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Flemish Eye

A complex eye formation unraveling strands into a 'Y' shape before securing.

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Hand Spliced Eyes

Traditional eye formation using specific threading patterns; requires multiple tucks for strength.

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Temporary Eyes

Not recommended for slings; made with bull dog grips leading to inconsistent safety levels.

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Sockets

Used as alternative connections for slings made with bonding or compression.

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Fork Ends

Alternative sling attachment methods ensuring strong connections, often via compression.

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Textile Slings

Lifting equipment made from fabric materials, may skip proof load testing.

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Heat Treatment

Process that improves equipment hardness and durability through controlled heating.

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Energy Absorption

The capability of materials to take in energy during stress or impact without breaking.

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Shock Loading

A sudden load increase on materials leading to potential failure; critical in design.

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Conformity Documentation

Legal papers verifying compliance with safety standards for equipment.

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Study Notes

Weight Conversions

  • 1 kg equals 2.2 lbs, facilitating understanding between metric and imperial systems.
  • Measurements commonly used for Safe Working Load (SWL) include tonnes (t) and kilograms (kg), or their imperial counterparts, Tons (T) and pounds (lb).
  • SWL under one tonne is typically marked in kilograms or pounds.

Verification of Equipment

  • New equipment must meet health and safety legislation and product standards, backed by conformity documentation, often referred to as the ‘birth certificate’.
  • Verification methods vary based on standards; certain materials, like textile slings, may not undergo proof load testing.
  • Manufacturers may utilize their verification methods; however, post-installation, a Competent Person assesses fitness for purpose.

Hardness Testing

  • Hardness of lifting equipment is verified through indentations post-heat treatment.
  • Common testing methods include Vickers, Brinell, and Rockwell; Brinell is prevalent in lifting equipment.

Impact Testing

  • Impact tests assess a material's energy absorption during fracture, crucial for understanding shock loading response.
  • Two primary methods include:
    • Charpy test: Measures energy absorbed by a notched specimen; results reflect material’s notch toughness.
    • Izod test: Similar to Charpy but holds the specimen vertically in a vice, identifying needed kinetic energy to initiate and propagate fracture.

Bend Test

  • A qualitative bend test deforms material at its midpoint, ranking its strength.

Sling Ratings and Types

  • Endless slings have limited uses; ratings are based on choking hitches and straight pulls.
  • Ratings assume that attachment points do not damage slings and account for bending around itself.

Wire Rope Slings

  • Wire rope slings are commonly used but can be prone to damage.
  • The construction must ensure adequate flexibility and a minimum breaking load for calculating SWL.
  • Two main types of thimbles protect sling eyes from abrasion and point loading, typically made using aluminum ferrules.

Eye Formation Techniques

  • Ferrule Secured Eyes: Eye formation with ferrules requires careful positioning to ensure the rope is fully engaged.
  • Tapered Ferrules: The tail end stays within the ferrule, necessitating adherence to manufacturer instructions.
  • Flemish Eye: Complex eye formation involves unraveling strands into a ‘Y’ shape and distributing them before securing with a ferrule.
  • Hand Spliced Eyes: Traditional eye formation using specific threading patterns; requires five tucks for safety.

Temporary Eyes

  • Bulldog grips used for making temporary eyes are not recommended for slings due to inconsistent safety levels.
  • Sockets and fork ends are alternatives, often implemented by compression or bonding processes.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the conversion between metric and imperial units, specifically related to the LEEA Foundation Certificate (Global). You will practice converting weights and lengths, which are essential skills for professionals dealing with equipment specifications. Test your knowledge of these essential metric and imperial unit conversions.

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