Lecture 4: Eukaryotic Microorganisms Quiz

Organisms with membrane-bound organelles and complex life cycles, including algae, fungi, protozoa, and helminths.

Unicellular or multicellular organisms with cell walls made of cellulose and glycoproteins. They are photosynthetic and aquatic.

Organisms with cell walls made of chitin or glucosamine. They are heterotrophic and can be unicellular or multicellular.

Unicellular organisms without cell walls. They require moist environments.

Free-living heterotrophic organisms that can be found in various environments. They metabolize complex carbohydrates and are resistant to osmotic pressure.

Unicellular fungi, commonly used in food production.

Fungi that grow as multicellular filaments.

A macroscopic, multicellular fungus with a distinctive stalk and cap.

A strong and flexible polysaccharide that makes up fungal cell walls.

A network of thread-like filaments that make up the fungal body.

Fungi are organisms that get their energy by breaking down organic matter.

Unicellular fungi that reproduce by budding, similar to binary fission.

Reproductive structures in fungi that release spores into the environment.

The process of two haploid fungal cells fusing their cytoplasm.

The fusion of two haploid nuclei in a fungal cell to form a diploid zygote.

Fungal reproductive structures that are dispersed by wind or water, and can cause infections after inhalation.

A harmful algal bloom caused by an overgrowth of dinoflagellates, producing toxins that can accumulate in marine animals and cause food poisoning in humans.

A group of photosynthetic organisms characterized by diverse morphology, reproduction, and distribution. They are not a unified taxonomic group due to their variations.

Green algae characterized by the presence of chlorophyll a and b. They are mostly found in freshwater environments creating green or yellow scum.

Red algae containing a red accessory pigment. They have cell walls made of agar, which is used in several applications.

Brown algae containing a brown pigment in addition to chlorophyll and carotene. They are usually found in marine environments.

A group of photosynthetic organisms that are capable of converting light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Tiny organisms that float in water and contribute to the base of the food web.

A group of protozoa that lack mitochondria and instead have mitosomes. They are often spindle-shaped with two or more flagella. Examples include Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia lamblia.

A single-celled organism that infects the vagina, causing vaginal trichomoniasis. It is a sexually transmitted infection.

A single-celled organism that lives in the intestines and can cause giardiasis, a common intestinal infection. It has distinctive flagella.

A large group of flagellated protozoa that includes blood parasites. They are transmitted by bites from insects.

A protozoan that causes African sleeping sickness, a fatal disease if untreated.

Single-celled eukaryotic organisms lacking a cell wall. They often have flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia for movement and require a moist environment. Many are free-living, but some are parasites causing harm to humans and animals.

Protozoans in their active form that can move and feed. This is their primary state for survival.

A dormant, resting stage adopted by protozoans when the environment is unfavorable for feeding. They are spherical and lack cilia.

The process of engulfing food by a protozoan. It involves wrapping around the food particle with its membrane.

Multiple nuclear divisions followed by cell division, a method of asexual reproduction common in protozoa.

Protozoans can obtain food by phagocytizing bacteria, decaying matter, other protozoa, or even host tissue.

These organisms are found in various habitats around the world, including ponds, streams, lakes, oceans, soil, and decaying material.

Protozoans play a significant role as a food source and in the overall ecology of their respective habitats.

Unicellular organisms that are common in soil and water. They move using pseudopods and can cause amoebic dysentery.

A group of protozoa that have a complex life cycle requiring multiple hosts. They are responsible for diseases like malaria and toxoplasmosis.

A parasitic protozoan that causes malaria in humans. It requires a mosquito as a host to complete its life cycle.

A parasitic protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis. It is commonly found in cats and can be transmitted to humans through contaminated food or water.

Organisms that exhibit characteristics of both fungi and amoebas. They are more closely related to amoebas than fungi.

A type of slime mold that exists as single amoeboid cells for most of its life. They aggregate under unfavorable conditions.

A type of slime mold that exists as a large, multinucleated mass of protoplasm called a plasmodium.

Multicellular parasitic worms that are not considered microbes but are studied by microbiologists because they have microscopic stages in their life cycles.

Fungi that can grow in both yeast and mold forms depending on the temperature.

Fungal infections that affect internal organs, often caused by Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus species.

The study of fungi.

Fungal pathogens are more difficult to treat than bacterial pathogens because they have similar cell structures to human cells, making it challenging to target them without harming the host.

Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter or consuming other organisms.

The main body of a fungus, formed by a network of branching filaments.

A strong and flexible structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi and some insects.

A type of algae that can be unicellular or multicellular, containing chlorophyll a and b. They are often found in freshwater environments.

Protozoa that lack mitochondria and instead have mitosomes. They are often spindle-shaped and have multiple flagella.

A parasitic protozoan that causes vaginal trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

A parasitic protozoan that causes giardiasis, a common intestinal infection. It is characterized by its unique flagella.

A large group of flagellated protozoa that includes some blood parasites, like Trypanosoma. They are often transmitted by insect bites.

A parasitic protozoan that causes African sleeping sickness. It is transmitted by the tsetse fly and can be fatal if untreated.

A long, thread-like filament that makes up the body of a fungus. They are interconnected to form a complex network called a mycelium.

A type of asexual reproduction in fungi, where a new bud or daughter cell forms on the parent cell. The bud eventually detaches to form a new individual.

A parasitic amoeba responsible for causing amoebic dysentery, a severe intestinal infection.

The final host in a helminth's life cycle where the adult stage lives and reproduces.

An intermediate host in a helminth's life cycle, usually providing a suitable environment for larval development.

A flatworm with a segmented body, commonly known as a tapeworm.

A roundworm that typically lives in the digestive tract of humans and animals.