Lecture 3: Nervous System
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Lecture 3: Nervous System

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Questions and Answers

What are the primary functions of the nervous system?

  • Collection of sensory input, processing, and response (correct)
  • Producing hormones
  • Facilitating digestion
  • Regulating blood flow

    • Which term is defined as a cluster of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system?

  • Ganglion (correct)
  • Tract
  • Nucleus
  • Nerve

    • Which of the following structures is responsible for protecting the central nervous system?

  • Spinal nerves
  • Cranial nerves
  • Meninges (correct)
  • Dermatome

    • What is a dermatome?

    <p>An area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option represents the correct term for the matter primarily composed of myelinated axons in the nervous system?

    <p>White matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum?

    <p>Corpus callosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is located deeper than the grey matter in the cerebral hemisphere?

    <p>Basal nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe of the cerebrum is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

    <p>Occipital lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebrum?

    <p>Gyri</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain acts as a relay station for sensory impulses?

    <p>Thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily distinguishes grey matter from white matter in nervous tissue?

    <p>Presence of cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT found in white matter?

    <p>Cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is primarily associated with grey matter?

    <p>Neuron cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of neuroglia found in both grey and white matter?

    <p>Providing support and protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of nervous tissue would you find predominantly short neuronal processes?

    <p>Grey matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does most of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drain from the ventricles?

    <p>Into the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway for a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after it drains from the ventricles?

    <p>It flows down the central canal of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily involved in the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>The ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage is true?

    <p>Most CSF drains into the subarachnoid space, while a minor amount goes to the central canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the subarachnoid space play in relation to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>It serves as a pathway for CSF drainage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct term for the space located beneath the dura mater?

    <p>Subdural space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily responsible for the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid?

    <p>Arachnoid villi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the space that contains cerebrospinal fluid and is located between the arachnoid mater and pia mater.

    <p>Subarachnoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which venous structure is responsible for draining blood from the brain?

    <p>Dural venous sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the dural venous sinus located?

    <p>Between the dura mater and arachnoid mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nervous System Overview

    • The nervous system is responsible for sensory input collection, processing changes within and outside the body via sensory receptors.
    • Structured into grey matter and white matter; grey matter contains cell bodies of neurons, neuroglia, and blood vessels, while white matter consists of long neuron processes and nerve tracts.

    Functions and Terms

    • Grey Matter: Contains neuronal cell bodies and short processes.
    • White Matter: Comprised of long neuronal processes, referred to as tracts.
    • Nucleus: A collection of neuron cell bodies within the central nervous system (CNS).
    • Ganglion: A cluster of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS.
    • Tract: A bundle of axons within the CNS (ex: white matter).
    • Nerve: A collection of axons outside the CNS.

    Components of the Brain

    • Comprises four major regions:
      • Cerebrum: Largest brain part, consists of two hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum.
      • Diencephalon: Includes thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus.
      • Cerebellum: Two hemispheres, similar in structure to the cerebrum.
      • Brain Stem: Contains the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

    Cerebrum Details

    • Each hemisphere divided into four lobes:
      • Frontal Lobe
      • Parietal Lobe
      • Occipital Lobe
      • Temporal Lobe
    • Surface features include gyri (ridges) and sulci (grooves); gyri are the plural of gyrus, and sulci are the plural of sulcus.

    Tissue Composition

    • Outermost layer (cortex) is grey matter.
    • Beneath the grey matter lies white matter, consists of fiber tracts transmitting impulses.
    • Basal nuclei, located deeper, assist the motor cortex in regulating voluntary movements.

    Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and Protective Structures

    • CSF primarily drains from ventricles to the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
    • Some CSF flows through the central canal of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Features

    • Study of external and internal aspects of the spinal cord is important, focusing on nerve distribution and anatomy.

    Cranial and Spinal Nerves

    • Cranial nerves are enumerated based on anatomical features.
    • Spinal nerves have associated dermatomes, regions of skin innervated by specific spinal nerves.

    Protection of the CNS

    • Numerous structures serve to protect the central nervous system, including meninges and cerebrospinal fluid.

    Clinical Anatomy

    • Recognize the significance and procedure of lumbar puncture in clinical settings for diagnostics or therapeutic purposes.

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    Related Documents

    L3- Nervous System.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts from Lecture 3 on the Nervous System. It includes various resources such as slides for boys and girls, important notes, and additional teacher's notes. Test your understanding of the intricate workings of the nervous system.

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