Lecture 13: The Origin of Humans and Our Big Brains

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Questions and Answers

What was the defining feature of our earliest ancestors according to the text?

  • Bipedalism (correct)
  • Big brain
  • Hair reduction
  • Sun-skin contact reduction

What adaptation did early humans develop for life in the savanna?

  • Bipedalism (correct)
  • Hair increase
  • Decreased perspiration
  • Increased sun-skin contact

What purpose did hair reduction serve in early human evolution?

  • To reduce heat stress (correct)
  • To protect against predation
  • To increase sun-skin contact
  • To climb trees easily

Why did early humans evolve bipedalism according to the text?

<p>To have free hands for collecting food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant environmental change that influenced early human evolution?

<p>Shift from dense rain forests to savannas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which continent is highlighted as the key site of human evolution in the text?

<p>Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary factor is attributed to the rapid increase in brain volume once meat and stone tools were introduced?

<p>Higher food quality of meat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does having a smaller gut contribute to the expansion of the brain in hominins?

<p>By making food processing more efficient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What facilitated the quicker energy assimilation leading to a larger brain size in hominins?

<p>Use of fire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Juvenile Ape Hypothesis suggest about humans and chimpanzees?

<p>Humans share more traits with juvenile chimpanzees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the higher quality diet, as mentioned in the text, impact the brain size of hominins?

<p>It contributed to bursts of brain expansion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which evolutionary concept, mentioned in the text, explains how hominins retained a more juvenile brain while maturing sexual organs?

<p>Heterochrony (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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