Lecture 11: What of the Future? New Methods, New Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What role does locomotor play serve in Belding’s ground squirrels?

  • Enhancing motor skills (correct)
  • Developing cognitive abilities
  • Improving social skills
  • Strengthening sensory perception
  • Which species did Reinhold et al. study in their research on play behavior?

  • Rats (correct)
  • Octopuses
  • Lobsters
  • Ants
  • What type of strategies did the rats exhibit when playing hide-and-seek?

  • Targeting specific locations (correct)
  • Verbal communication
  • Random movement
  • Avoiding human interaction
  • Which part of the brain was found to be activated during play based on the research mentioned?

    <p>Prefrontal cortex (mPFC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of calls do tickled rats emit?

    <p>50 kHz calls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant aspect of species play that researchers are interested in distinguishing?

    <p>The common roots and mechanisms of play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some hiding strategies mentioned in the text?

    <p>Being silent when hiding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the experiment with rats?

    <p>It reveals rats can take different roles, avoid being seen, and show different patterns of brain activity while seeking versus hiding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest could help answer some outstanding questions about animal behavior?

    <p>Miniaturizing brain recorders and applying them to multiple animals playing together or alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the idea of adding a 5th 'why' to the framework developed by Tinbergen?

    <p>Burghardt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential future application of insights gained from the 'hide-and-see' experiment?

    <p>Reading animals' minds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who expanded Julian Huxley's 3-why framework to a 4-why framework?

    <p>Tinbergen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept distinguishes animals from humans in terms of studying species?

    <p>Homoplasy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of evolution results in non-homologous characters resembling each other?

    <p>Convergent Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between homology and homoplasy?

    <p>Homology indicates a common ancestry, while homoplasy does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of evolution, what does the term 'homoplasy' imply?

    <p>Traits that are similar but not due to a common ancestor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the concept of 'homoplasy' important in comparative neuroethology?

    <p>It aids in understanding why certain traits are similar across different species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary phenomenon leads to homologous characters changing independently in a similar manner?

    <p>Parallel Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

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