Lecture 11: Genetic Basis of Cancer - M.Sc. Ameer H.R. Kaiwan

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What is a basic characteristic of cancer?

Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells (correct)

Strict regulation of cell division

Controlled and proper cell growth

Limited growth within tissues

What is metastasis in relation to cancer?

Regulation of cell signaling pathways

The spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body (correct)

A process of cell division

The replacement of old cells with new cells

What does the term 'Oncogenetics' refer to?

Control of cell division

Regulation of tissue maintenance

Field emerging from the study of genes causing neoplasia (correct)

Study of normal cell growth

How do genetic mutations affect cell growth in cancer?

Result in uncontrolled and aberrant cell growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental belief about neoplastic cells in cancer biology?

They arise from normal progenitors due to DNA changes Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the genetic basis of cancer crucial?

For effective prevention, early detection, and treatment Signup and view all the answers

Which type of genes are mutated or inactivated in cancer, leading to uncontrolled cell division?

Tumor suppressor genes Signup and view all the answers

What category of mutations is inherited from one's parents and can increase the risk of developing cancer?

Germline mutations Signup and view all the answers

Which type of genetic changes can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence itself?

Histone modifications Signup and view all the answers

What are driver mutations in a cancer genome?

Mutations directly contributing to cancer cell growth Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic factors can be classified into two categories: somatic mutations and germline mutations?

Cancer genetics Signup and view all the answers

In cancer, which genes directly contribute to the development of cancer by promoting cell growth and proliferation?

Oncogenes Signup and view all the answers

What role do somatic mutations play in cancer development?

Lead to uncontrolled cell division Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of oncogenes?

Promote growth and survival of cancer cells Signup and view all the answers

How do mutations in tumor suppressor genes differ from mutations in oncogenes?

Mutations in tumor suppressor genes lead to uncontrolled cell division Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is implicated in the MAPK signaling pathway and is considered an oncogene?

Ras gene Signup and view all the answers

How do internal factors contribute to mutations that can lead to cancer development?

Initiate somatic mutations in non-germline cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of mutations in genes controlling cell growth in cancer?

Promote uncontrolled cell division Signup and view all the answers