Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is spaced repetition?
What is spaced repetition?
- Studying the same material multiple times in a single session
- Alternating study material in briefer sessions over a longer period of time (correct)
- Learning new information only once
- Reviewing material after a short interval
Spaced repetition is not proven to be effective for retention.
Spaced repetition is not proven to be effective for retention.
False (B)
What is the spacing effect?
What is the spacing effect?
Study - inter-study interval (I.S.I.) - re-study - retention period - test
What is the lagging effect?
What is the lagging effect?
What is the general term for Lag effect and Spacing effect?
What is the general term for Lag effect and Spacing effect?
What does distributed practice define?
What does distributed practice define?
What did Rawson & Kitsch (2005) test?
What did Rawson & Kitsch (2005) test?
What was the outcome of Rhorer & Taylor's (2006) lab study?
What was the outcome of Rhorer & Taylor's (2006) lab study?
What did Kornell (2009) find regarding spaced vs. massed learning?
What did Kornell (2009) find regarding spaced vs. massed learning?
What was the focus of Sobel, Cepeda & Kapler's (2011) real-world study?
What was the focus of Sobel, Cepeda & Kapler's (2011) real-world study?
What did Kuepper-Tetzel, Erdfelder, & Dickhäuser (2014) study in real-world context?
What did Kuepper-Tetzel, Erdfelder, & Dickhäuser (2014) study in real-world context?
What are the theoretical explanations for distributed practice?
What are the theoretical explanations for distributed practice?
What is encoding/contextual variability theory?
What is encoding/contextual variability theory?
What does study phase retrieval theory suggest?
What does study phase retrieval theory suggest?
What did Taylor & Rohrer (2009) research about interleaved study?
What did Taylor & Rohrer (2009) research about interleaved study?
What is good rehearsal?
What is good rehearsal?
Study Notes
Spaced Repetition
- Involves alternating study material in shorter sessions over extended periods.
- Proven to be doubly effective for retention.
Spacing Effect
- Refers to the interval between study sessions (inter-study interval, I.S.I.) influencing retention and test performance.
Lagging Effect
- Characterized by a long inter-study interval (I.S.I.) followed by re-study, impacting retention rates.
Distributed Practice
- General term encompassing both lag effect and spacing effect, emphasizing learning over various intervals.
Definition of Distributed Practice
- Involves allocating a fixed amount of study time distributed across different intervals.
Research Findings
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Rawson & Kitsch (2005): In experiments with scientific texts, massed study showed better immediate test results compared to distributed practice with a one-week I.S.I.
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Rhorer & Taylor (2006): Spaced learners tested better after four weeks compared to massed learners, who performed slightly better in immediate tests.
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Kornell (2009): Stacked cards learned in a spaced fashion resulted in better retention after a day compared to massed sessions.
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Sobel, Cepeda & Kapler (2011): 5th graders learning vocabulary performed better with spaced practice compared to massed practice with a shorter inter-study interval.
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Kuepper-Tetzel et al. (2014): 6th graders learning German-English pairs showed best results with a 1-day I.S.I., tested 7/35 days later.
Theoretical Explanations for Distributed Practice
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Encoding/Contextual Variability Theory (Glenberg, 1979): Successful retrieval improves with practice and longer intervals, increasing context association.
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Study Phase Retrieval Theory (Thios & D'Agostino, 1976): Retrieval during a second study session enhances recall for the final test, contingent on effortful practice.
Additional Findings
- Taylor & Rhoder (2009): Interleaved study showed that distributed practice yielded more consistent long-term retention compared to mass study.
Conclusion on Good Rehearsal
- Effective rehearsal is synonymous with proper dispersal of study sessions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on spaced repetition and the spacing effect with these flashcards. This quiz covers key concepts related to effective study techniques and retention strategies. Challenge yourself to improve your understanding of distributed practice.
