Learn2Serve Food Manager Certification - Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Thawing food can be part of the cooking process if?

cooked to the requirements of the FDA food code

Which of the following are foodborne pathogens easily transmitted through food? (Select all that apply)

  • Salmonella (correct)
  • Hepatitis A (correct)
  • Carrot
  • E Coli (correct)
  • What is a cause of Salmonella?

    Can be found on any food item exposed to animal waste

    What is the infection period for Salmonella?

    <p>Immediate, develops within 12-72 hours and lasts 4-7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common symptoms of Salmonella?

    <p>Food poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What preventive measures can help avoid Salmonella? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Cook foods properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cause of Shigella?

    <p>Pests or human-to-human by infected feces. Shigella is a bacteria found in the digestive tract of humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does Shigella infection develop?

    <p>Develops within 2-3 days of exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of Shigella?

    <p>Loose, watery stool. Dysentery in severe cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a preventative measure for Shigella?

    <p>May spread to others through contaminated stool up to 4 weeks after symptoms have passed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cause of Norovirus?

    <p>Food items or water sources contaminated with infected feces or fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infection period for Norovirus?

    <p>Sudden onset, lasts 1-2 days, extremely contagious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of Norovirus?

    <p>Gastroenteritis or 'stomach flu'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long can Norovirus be infectious after recovery?

    <p>Can be infectious three days - two weeks after recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cause of E. Coli?

    <p>Poor processing and handling of food that has been contaminated (i.e. manure-based fertilizers)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infection period for E. Coli?

    <p>Develops within 3-4 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of E. Coli?

    <p>Bloody diarrhea, severe cases cause blood problems and kidney failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be done to prevent E.Coli?

    <p>Proper handling and cooking to safe temperatures, proper hand washing after restroom, proper fruit and veg washing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cause of Hepatitis A?

    <p>Raw or undercooked shellfish harvested from polluted waters, other infected individuals, cold cuts, fresh squeeze juices, raw fruits and vegetables, water contaminated with sewage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infection period for Hepatitis A?

    <p>Sudden onset, lasts less than two months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are symptoms of Hepatitis A?

    <p>Fever, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort, dark urine, jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some preventative measures for Hepatitis A?

    <p>Proper sanitation, personal hygiene, water treatment with chlorination, heating to 185 degrees for one minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Clostridium botulinum?

    <p>Occurs in badly packaged or damaged canned and vacuum-sealed foods including canned vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infection period for Clostridium botulinum?

    <p>Onset 4-6 hours, targets the nervous system and may cause permanent damage if not treated immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of Clostridium botulinum?

    <p>Botulism, neurotoxicity - double vision, inability to swallow, speech difficulty, progressive paralysis of respiratory system, can be fatal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some prevention measures for Clostridium botulinum?

    <p>Canned and packaged items are in good condition upon receipt, even small dents can be potentially dangerous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes food spoilage?

    <p>Rough handling, exaggerated high or low keeping temperatures, bacteria, enzymes, mold and pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can dehydration and overheating be used to reduce?

    <p>Pathogenic biological contaminants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should vegetables regularly covered in soil be stored?

    <p>Below or beneath other veggies so that any loose soil will not fall on clean items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do TCS foods include?

    <p>Time/Temp Control for Safety: 1) Raw and most cooked meat, poultry and seafood; 2) Most milk and dairy products; 3) Eggs; 4) Cooked veggies and pasta; 5) Raw seed sprouts and soy products; 6) Cut melons; 7) Cut leafy greens; 8) Garlic in oil that have not been processed; 9) Cut tomatoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions cause disease-causing bacteria to multiply?

    <ol> <li>Foods high in protein, moist and slightly acidic pH; 2) Time; 3) Temp in the danger zone 41 to 135 degrees F; 4) Oxygen; 5) Moisture</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Thawing Food

    • Thawing food can be part of cooking if cooked according to FDA food code requirements.

    Foodborne Pathogens

    • Major pathogens include Salmonella, Shigella, Norovirus, E. Coli, Hepatitis A, and Clostridium Botulinum.

    Salmonella

    • Causes: Found on any food item contaminated by animal waste.
    • Infection: Symptoms develop within 12-72 hours and last 4-7 days.
    • Symptoms: Manifest as food poisoning.
    • Prevention: Avoid cross-contamination, maintain personal hygiene, and cook foods to proper temperatures.

    Shigella

    • Causes: Transmission occurs via pests or human-to-human contact through infected feces.
    • Infection: Symptoms arise within 2-3 days after exposure.
    • Symptoms: Characterized by loose, watery stool; can lead to dysentery in severe cases.
    • Prevention: Contagious through contaminated stool even up to 4 weeks post-symptoms.

    Norovirus

    • Causes: Spread through contaminated food or water from infected feces or fluids.
    • Infection: Sudden onset; highly contagious with a duration of 1-2 days.
    • Symptoms: Causes gastroenteritis or "stomach flu."
    • Prevention: Infectious period can last from three days to two weeks after recovery.

    E. Coli

    • Causes: Typically arises from poor food processing or handling, especially manure-based fertilizers; most strains are harmless.
    • Infection: Symptoms develop within 3-4 days post-exposure.
    • Symptoms: Includes bloody diarrhea; severe cases may lead to blood problems and kidney failure.
    • Prevention: Safe food handling, accurate cooking temperatures, and proper washing of fruits and vegetables.

    Hepatitis A

    • Causes: Associated with raw or undercooked shellfish from polluted waters, infected individuals, cold cuts, juices, raw fruits, and sewage-contaminated water.
    • Infection: Sudden onset lasting less than two months.
    • Symptoms: Fever, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort, dark urine, jaundice.
    • Prevention: Focus on sanitation, personal hygiene, chlorination of water, and cooking to 185°F for one minute.

    Clostridium Botulinum

    • Causes: Found in poorly packaged or damaged canned/vacuum-sealed foods, especially canned vegetables.
    • Infection: Onset occurs within 4-6 hours, targeting the nervous system and requiring immediate treatment to avoid permanent damage.
    • Symptoms: Manifest as botulism with neurotoxic effects including double vision, difficulty swallowing, and potential respiratory paralysis; can be fatal.
    • Prevention: Ensure condition of canned and packaged items; report any small dents or damages to vendors.

    Food Spoilage

    • Causes include rough handling, extreme temperature variations, bacteria, enzymes, mold, and pests.

    Dehydration and Overheating

    • Effective methods to reduce pathogenic biological contaminants.

    Vegetable Storage

    • Soil-covered vegetables like potatoes and mushrooms should be stored beneath other produce to prevent soil contamination.

    TCS Foods

    • Time/Temperature Control for Safety includes nine categories:
      • Raw and cooked meat, poultry, seafood
      • Milk and dairy products
      • Eggs
      • Cooked vegetables and pasta
      • Raw seed sprouts and soy products
      • Cut melons and leafy greens
      • Garlic in oil
      • Cut tomatoes

    Conditions for Bacteria Multiplication

    • Key factors include high-protein moist foods, time, temperatures between 41-135°F (danger zone), oxygen availability, and moisture levels.

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    Description

    Enhance your understanding of food safety with these flashcards designed for the Learn2Serve Food Manager Certification. This set covers key concepts such as thawing food, foodborne pathogens, and specific risks associated with Salmonella. Perfect for those preparing for a food safety manager exam.

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