Leaf Anatomy Flashcards

Leaf Anatomy

• Vein Composition: Comprised of two primary tissues, xylem (transports water) and phloem (transports nutrients).

• Mesophyll Definition: Refers to the middle layer of the leaf where photosynthesis occurs.

• Chloroplast Locations: Chloroplasts, vital for photosynthesis, are found in two layers: the palisade (upper layer) and spongy mesophyll (lower layer).

• Epidermis Role: The outermost layers of cells that protect the leaf and reduce water loss.

• Cuticle Function: A waxy covering on the leaf that prevents water loss and offers protection against pests and diseases.

• Guard Cells Purpose: Specialized cells that regulate the opening and closing of stomata to control gas exchange and water loss.

• Bundle Sheath Cells: The outer layer surrounding the vascular bundle in veins, providing support and protection.

• Palisade Structure: Tall, column-like cells located just beneath the epidermis, primarily responsible for capturing sunlight in photosynthesis.

• Stomata Functionality: Openings on the leaf surface that facilitate gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide in and oxygen out.

• Petiole Definition: The stalk that connects the leaf to the stem, aiding in support and transport of nutrients and water.