Leadership vs. Management Overview

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Questions and Answers

What defines a leader in the context of an organization?

A person who manages resources and schedules.

A person who maintains existing policies.

A person who enforces rules and regulations.

A person who influences individuals and groups. (correct)

Which of the following statements best differentiates managers from leaders?

Leaders are appointed, while managers rely on followers' acceptance.

Managers create change, while leaders maintain order.

Leaders focus on the future, while managers focus on the present. (correct)

Managers initiate policy changes, while leaders follow procedures.

Which type of power is derived from the formal position held by an individual in an organization?

Expert power

Reward power

Referent power

Legitimate power (correct)

What is the primary mechanism through which leaders exert their influence?

Influence Signup and view all the answers

How do leaders establish relationships with their followers?

By creating emotional bonds and trust Signup and view all the answers

Which type of power allows an individual to affect others' behavior through the promise of rewards?

Reward power Signup and view all the answers

What role does power play in leadership?

Power provides the foundation for effective leadership. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes referent power?

Influence gained from personal admiration and respect. Signup and view all the answers

What is the follower's response characterized by enthusiasm and unusual effort known as?

Commitment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contingency factor of power?

Persuasion Signup and view all the answers

What does rational persuasion primarily rely on?

Logical arguments Signup and view all the answers

Which influence tactic involves gaining support by involving others in the decision-making process?

Consultation Signup and view all the answers

In which leadership style does the leader make decisions without consulting subordinates?

Autocratic Leadership Signup and view all the answers

Which influencing tactic is demonstrated by a CEO asking an employee to look into a project?

Legitimating Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of transactional leadership?

Mutual benefits Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between power and influence?

Influence does not require authority Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style emphasizes collaboration and emotional intelligence?

Modern Leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is the influence tactic where someone is pressured to comply with a request due to negative consequences?

Pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes compliance in a follower's response?

Minimal effort and no initiative Signup and view all the answers

What influences the effectiveness of a leader's power?

Situational context and contingency factors Signup and view all the answers

What does personal appeal as an influence tactic focus on?

Attractiveness of a requester's qualities Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style is characterized by leaders being true to their own values?

Authentic Leadership Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Leadership Defined

A leader influences individuals and groups within an organization.
Leaders help followers establish goals and guide them towards achievement.
Leaders often orchestrate group activity and set the tone for reaching goals.

Management vs. Leadership

Management roles are often appointed, while leadership is based on follower acceptance.
Managers have formal authority (e.g., scheduling, hiring).
Managers maintain order and efficiency, while leaders inspire change and growth.
Organizations need both management and leadership for success.

Management vs. Leadership (Characteristics)

Feature	Management	Leadership
Focus	Present	Future
Goal	Maintain status quo	Create change
Policy	Implement existing policies	Initiate new policies
Culture	Maintain existing culture & structure	Create new culture & structure
Approach	Aloof and objective	Emotional bonds with followers
Power	Position power	Personal power

Leadership, Power, and Influence

Power is the ability to influence others.
Leadership effectiveness depends on the amount of power a leader possesses.
Influence is the outcome of attempts to change attitudes or behaviors.

Types of Power (Organizational)

Legitimate Power: Influence due to formal position.
Reward Power: Influence through positive reinforcements.
Coercive Power: Influence through negative sanctions.

Types of Power (Personal)

Expert Power: Influence from recognized knowledge and skills.
Referent Power: Influence from respect, admiration, and likeability.

Follower Responses to Power

Commitment (Internalization): Enthusiastic agreement and effort.
Compliance: Carrying out requests indifferently.
Resistance: Opposition and avoidance of requests.

Contingency Factors of Power

Substitutability: Availability of alternatives.
Centrality: Importance of the leader's role.
Discretion: Autonomy in decision-making.
Visibility: How visible the leader's actions are.
Contingency factors determine how effectively leader's power is used.

Leadership and Influence (General)

Influence is crucial to leadership.
Influence is the degree to which attitudes/behaviors are changed.
Influence often occurs downward, but can also be lateral or upward.

Influence Tactics

Rational Persuasion: Use of facts and logic.
Inspirational Appeals: Appealing to values and emotions.
Consultation: Seeking input from others.
Ingratiation: Making others feel good.
Personal Appeals: Appealing to relationships and likeability.
Exchange: Offering reciprocal benefits.
Coalition: Obtaining support from a group.
Pressure: Exerting strong influence.
Legitimating: Appealing to rules and regulations.
Effective leaders use a combination of these tactics.

Influence Tactics and Power

Leaders with high referent power are less likely to use pressure or legitimization.
Leaders with limited power might use only certain influence tactics.
Leaders must flexibly use influence tactics in diverse situations.

Leadership Styles

Autocratic: Leader holds all authority and control.
Democratic: Leader consults followers and shares authority.
Transformational: Leader inspires change and high performance.
Transactional: Leader motivates through exchange principles.
Authentic: Leader acts based on self-awareness and values.
Laissez-faire: Leader gives complete freedom to followers.
Modern: Emphasize collaboration, adaptability, and emotional intelligence.

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Description

Explore the critical differences between leadership and management. This quiz delves into the characteristics, roles, and functions that distinguish leaders from managers within organizations. Test your understanding of how both elements contribute to organizational success.