Leadership vs. Management Overview
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Questions and Answers

What defines a leader in the context of an organization?

  • A person who manages resources and schedules.
  • A person who maintains existing policies.
  • A person who enforces rules and regulations.
  • A person who influences individuals and groups. (correct)

Which of the following statements best differentiates managers from leaders?

  • Leaders are appointed, while managers rely on followers' acceptance.
  • Managers create change, while leaders maintain order.
  • Leaders focus on the future, while managers focus on the present. (correct)
  • Managers initiate policy changes, while leaders follow procedures.

Which type of power is derived from the formal position held by an individual in an organization?

  • Expert power
  • Reward power
  • Referent power
  • Legitimate power (correct)

What is the primary mechanism through which leaders exert their influence?

<p>Influence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do leaders establish relationships with their followers?

<p>By creating emotional bonds and trust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of power allows an individual to affect others' behavior through the promise of rewards?

<p>Reward power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does power play in leadership?

<p>Power provides the foundation for effective leadership. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes referent power?

<p>Influence gained from personal admiration and respect. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the follower's response characterized by enthusiasm and unusual effort known as?

<p>Commitment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contingency factor of power?

<p>Persuasion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does rational persuasion primarily rely on?

<p>Logical arguments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which influence tactic involves gaining support by involving others in the decision-making process?

<p>Consultation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which leadership style does the leader make decisions without consulting subordinates?

<p>Autocratic Leadership (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which influencing tactic is demonstrated by a CEO asking an employee to look into a project?

<p>Legitimating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of transactional leadership?

<p>Mutual benefits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between power and influence?

<p>Influence does not require authority (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style emphasizes collaboration and emotional intelligence?

<p>Modern Leadership (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the influence tactic where someone is pressured to comply with a request due to negative consequences?

<p>Pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes compliance in a follower's response?

<p>Minimal effort and no initiative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences the effectiveness of a leader's power?

<p>Situational context and contingency factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does personal appeal as an influence tactic focus on?

<p>Attractiveness of a requester's qualities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style is characterized by leaders being true to their own values?

<p>Authentic Leadership (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Leadership

The ability to influence individuals and groups within an organization, guiding them towards achieving goals.

Manager

A formally appointed individual who has the right to direct, plan, and organize others within an organization.

Leadership vs. Management

The ability to influence others based on their acceptance or rejection of the leader's authority.

Power (In Leadership)

The capacity to affect the behaviors and attitudes of others.

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Influence (In Leadership)

The mechanism through which leaders exert their power, affecting their followers.

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Legitimate Power

Based on the formal position within an organization, granting the individual authority over subordinates.

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Reward Power

The ability to influence based on the ability to reward desired behaviors.

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Coercive Power

The power to punish or withhold positive events to influence behavior.

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Contingencies of Power

The degree to which a person's power can be used to influence others.

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Influence

The ability to change someone's attitudes or behaviors.

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Rational Persuasion

Using facts, data, and logical arguments to convince others.

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Inspirational Appeals

Appealing to someone's values, emotions, and beliefs to gain support.

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Consultation

Asking for help or input from others.

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Ingratiation

Making others feel good about themselves to gain influence.

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Personal Appeal

Helping someone because you like them.

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Exchange

Giving-and-taking, where someone does something for you in return for something from you.

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Coalition

A group working together to influence others.

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Pressure

Exerting pressure or threats to influence someone.

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Legitimating

Relying on compliance with rules, laws, and regulations.

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Autocratic Leadership

The leader holds all authority and makes decisions without consulting subordinates.

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Democratic Leadership

Subordinates are involved in decision-making, but the leader has the final say.

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Transformational Leadership

The leader inspires others to achieve more than they thought possible.

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Laissez-faire Leadership

The leader gives freedom to subordinates to make decisions.

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Study Notes

Leadership Defined

  • A leader influences individuals and groups within an organization.
  • Leaders help followers establish goals and guide them towards achievement.
  • Leaders often orchestrate group activity and set the tone for reaching goals.

Management vs. Leadership

  • Management roles are often appointed, while leadership is based on follower acceptance.
  • Managers have formal authority (e.g., scheduling, hiring).
  • Managers maintain order and efficiency, while leaders inspire change and growth.
  • Organizations need both management and leadership for success.

Management vs. Leadership (Characteristics)

Feature Management Leadership
Focus Present Future
Goal Maintain status quo Create change
Policy Implement existing policies Initiate new policies
Culture Maintain existing culture & structure Create new culture & structure
Approach Aloof and objective Emotional bonds with followers
Power Position power Personal power

Leadership, Power, and Influence

  • Power is the ability to influence others.
  • Leadership effectiveness depends on the amount of power a leader possesses.
  • Influence is the outcome of attempts to change attitudes or behaviors.

Types of Power (Organizational)

  • Legitimate Power: Influence due to formal position.
  • Reward Power: Influence through positive reinforcements.
  • Coercive Power: Influence through negative sanctions.

Types of Power (Personal)

  • Expert Power: Influence from recognized knowledge and skills.
  • Referent Power: Influence from respect, admiration, and likeability.

Follower Responses to Power

  • Commitment (Internalization): Enthusiastic agreement and effort.
  • Compliance: Carrying out requests indifferently.
  • Resistance: Opposition and avoidance of requests.

Contingency Factors of Power

  • Substitutability: Availability of alternatives.
  • Centrality: Importance of the leader's role.
  • Discretion: Autonomy in decision-making.
  • Visibility: How visible the leader's actions are.
  • Contingency factors determine how effectively leader's power is used.

Leadership and Influence (General)

  • Influence is crucial to leadership.
  • Influence is the degree to which attitudes/behaviors are changed.
  • Influence often occurs downward, but can also be lateral or upward.

Influence Tactics

  • Rational Persuasion: Use of facts and logic.
  • Inspirational Appeals: Appealing to values and emotions.
  • Consultation: Seeking input from others.
  • Ingratiation: Making others feel good.
  • Personal Appeals: Appealing to relationships and likeability.
  • Exchange: Offering reciprocal benefits.
  • Coalition: Obtaining support from a group.
  • Pressure: Exerting strong influence.
  • Legitimating: Appealing to rules and regulations.
  • Effective leaders use a combination of these tactics.

Influence Tactics and Power

  • Leaders with high referent power are less likely to use pressure or legitimization.
  • Leaders with limited power might use only certain influence tactics.
  • Leaders must flexibly use influence tactics in diverse situations.

Leadership Styles

  • Autocratic: Leader holds all authority and control.
  • Democratic: Leader consults followers and shares authority.
  • Transformational: Leader inspires change and high performance.
  • Transactional: Leader motivates through exchange principles.
  • Authentic: Leader acts based on self-awareness and values.
  • Laissez-faire: Leader gives complete freedom to followers.
  • Modern: Emphasize collaboration, adaptability, and emotional intelligence.

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Description

Explore the critical differences between leadership and management. This quiz delves into the characteristics, roles, and functions that distinguish leaders from managers within organizations. Test your understanding of how both elements contribute to organizational success.

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