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Questions and Answers
Which leadership perspective suggests that a leader's effectiveness is dependent on the specific situation and the characteristics of the followers?
What is the primary focus of the Path-Goal Theory?
According to the Contingency Theory, which of the following factors is NOT a consideration for determining the most effective leadership style?
Which leadership perspective emphasizes the transaction between the leader and the follower, where the leader provides rewards and recognition in exchange for the follower's effort and compliance?
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What is the primary goal of the leader in the Transactional Leadership perspective?
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According to the Contingency Theory, which of the following is a key factor in determining the effectiveness of a leader's decision-making style?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of the Path-Goal Theory?
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Which leadership perspective is most closely associated with the concept of leader-member exchange?
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What is the primary focus of Fiedler's LPC contingency theory?
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What is the main focus of Fiedler's LPC contingency theory?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-reliability team, as seen in a trauma resuscitation team?
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What is the primary goal of the path-goal theory?
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What is the primary goal of the path-goal theory of leadership?
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What is a characteristic of transactional leadership?
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According to the path-goal theory, what is the role of a leader?
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What is the key difference between transactional and transformational leadership?
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What is the primary assumption of contingency theories of leadership?
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What is a limitation of the trait theory?
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What is a characteristic of transformational leadership?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a trauma resuscitation team?
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What is the primary goal of a leader in a trauma resuscitation team?
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What is the main difference between transactional and transformational leadership?
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What is the primary difference between the Ohio State Studies and the University of Michigan Studies?
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What is the primary focus of contingency theories?
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What is a characteristic of leaders who are high in both initiating structure and consideration, according to the Ohio State Studies?
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What is the primary focus of the University of Michigan Studies?
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Study Notes
Leadership Theories
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Trait Theory: one of the earliest ways to predict and determine who would be leaders
- Argument: effective leaders have common traits, leadership is inborn, and it's important to select the "right" persons
- Search for traits that effective leaders have, identifying 6 traits: ambition and energy, desire to lead, self-confidence, intelligence, job-relevant knowledge, and others
- Limitations: no universal traits predict leadership in all situations, traits predict behavior more in "weak" situations, and traits do a better job at predicting the emergence of leadership than effectiveness
Behavioral Theories
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Search for specific behaviors: effective leaders engage in specific behaviors, explain leader effectiveness with behaviors, and it's possible to learn effective behaviors and become successful leaders
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Ohio State Studies:
- Two categories: initiating structure (defines role and achieves unit goals) and consideration (mutual trust, respect, and concern for feelings)
- Leaders high in both tend to achieve high employee performance and satisfaction
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University of Michigan Studies:
- Two dimensions of leadership behavior: emphasizing interpersonal relations and task aspects of the job
- Employee-oriented leaders were associated with higher group productivity and job satisfaction, while production-oriented leaders were associated with low group productivity and lower job satisfaction
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Ohio State Studies:
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Transactional vs. Transformational Leadership:
- Transactional Leadership: economic and rational exchange relationship, contingent reward, and punishment, predominant style from the 1940s until today
- Transformational Leadership: creating vision, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, more effective than transactional leadership
Leadership in a Trauma Resuscitation Team
- Team Composition: cross-functional professional taskforce, including attending surgeon, surgery fellow, surgery residents, anesthesia providers, nurses, and technicians
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Characteristics:
- High-reliability team, placing reliability as a priority over objectives
- Short duration of team existence, flexible boundary, uncertainty, and urgent tasks
- Empowered knowledge team working in an intense, time-constrained, and stressful situation
Leadership and Power
- Leadership: the process of influencing people and providing an environment to achieve team or organizational objectives
- Power: the capacity of one party to influence another party, not the act of changing attitudes or behavior, and a function of dependency
- Bases of Power: coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, and referent power
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Description
Assess your knowledge of leadership theories, including contingency theories like Fiedler's LPC and path-goal theory, as well as trait theory. Learn about the arguments and key concepts surrounding these leadership approaches.
