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Questions and Answers
Which item is NOT required by ISO 15189 in a test report?
Which item is NOT required by ISO 15189 in a test report?
- Date and time of collection
- Identification of laboratory
- Results reported in SI units
- Name of the testing technician (correct)
What is the main focus of scientific management as proposed by Frederick Taylor?
What is the main focus of scientific management as proposed by Frederick Taylor?
- Enhancing employee satisfaction and morale
- Determining the most efficient ways to complete tasks (correct)
- Maximizing profits through employee expansion
- Encouraging creativity among employees
What is the purpose of documenting biological reference intervals in a test report?
What is the purpose of documenting biological reference intervals in a test report?
- To clarify methodology limitations
- To aid in interpreting the results (correct)
- To provide a record of laboratory scores
- To indicate sample type
Which element is associated with the authorization of releasing a test report?
Which element is associated with the authorization of releasing a test report?
According to Theory X, how are employees characterized?
According to Theory X, how are employees characterized?
What does the management system in a quality framework primarily address?
What does the management system in a quality framework primarily address?
What characteristic is associated with managers who follow Theory Y?
What characteristic is associated with managers who follow Theory Y?
Why is it important to include the destination of the report in the test report contents?
Why is it important to include the destination of the report in the test report contents?
What does the organizing function in management primarily achieve?
What does the organizing function in management primarily achieve?
What approach do Theory Y workers primarily take towards their work?
What approach do Theory Y workers primarily take towards their work?
What skill is primarily associated with effective decision-making in management?
What skill is primarily associated with effective decision-making in management?
Which characteristic defines top-level managers in an organization?
Which characteristic defines top-level managers in an organization?
What does horizontal differentiation refer to within an organization?
What does horizontal differentiation refer to within an organization?
Which role is typically associated with middle managers?
Which role is typically associated with middle managers?
What is a key aspect of financial management?
What is a key aspect of financial management?
What is primarily encompassed by people skills in management?
What is primarily encompassed by people skills in management?
Which management level is often involved in making decisions about the direction of the business?
Which management level is often involved in making decisions about the direction of the business?
Which statement correctly describes the concept of differentiation in management?
Which statement correctly describes the concept of differentiation in management?
Which of the following is NOT a component that should be included in a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)?
Which of the following is NOT a component that should be included in a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)?
What is the primary purpose of written Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)?
What is the primary purpose of written Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)?
What type of information does a Laboratory Information System (LIS) provide?
What type of information does a Laboratory Information System (LIS) provide?
Which of the following statements best describes the role of an LIS in patient record management?
Which of the following statements best describes the role of an LIS in patient record management?
What is included in the patient demographics provided by an LIS?
What is included in the patient demographics provided by an LIS?
How often should Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) be updated?
How often should Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) be updated?
What function does an LIS perform regarding quality control specimens?
What function does an LIS perform regarding quality control specimens?
What is the significance of having instructions in an SOP?
What is the significance of having instructions in an SOP?
Which leadership style allows subordinates to feel free to discuss their jobs with their superiors while the manager retains control over decisions?
Which leadership style allows subordinates to feel free to discuss their jobs with their superiors while the manager retains control over decisions?
In which leadership style does the manager provide motivation mainly through rewards and some punishments?
In which leadership style does the manager provide motivation mainly through rewards and some punishments?
What characterizes the Exploitative and Authoritative leadership style in terms of manager-subordinate relationships?
What characterizes the Exploitative and Authoritative leadership style in terms of manager-subordinate relationships?
Which of the following describes the role of employees under the Participative leadership style?
Which of the following describes the role of employees under the Participative leadership style?
Which leadership style is characterized by a condescending confidence from the manager and a lack of feedback from subordinates?
Which leadership style is characterized by a condescending confidence from the manager and a lack of feedback from subordinates?
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Study Notes
Decision Making and Communication
- Effective decision-making involves evaluating options and communicating these decisions to co-workers.
- Proficiency in performance tasks is essential for successful execution.
People Skills
- Mastery of methods, techniques, and equipment in specific functions like engineering or finance is critical.
- Understanding theories of human needs and work motivation enhances management capabilities.
Financial Management
- Involves effective use and accounting of monetary assets to ensure organizational success.
Types of Management
- Managers utilize conceptual, human, and technical skills to perform planning, organizing, leading, and controlling functions.
- Responsibilities vary by department, hierarchy levels, and performance goals.
- Vertical differentiation involves establishing a chain of command among employees, while horizontal differentiation separates workers based on assigned tasks.
Management Levels
- Top-Level Managers: Oversee the organization as a whole; responsible for strategic planning, policy development, and key decisions.
- Middle Managers: Act as a bridge between top management and lower levels, executing organizational plans according to company policies.
Scientific Management
- Frederick Taylor, known as the "Father of Scientific Management," focused on increasing work efficiency through standardization, specialization, and training.
Theories X and Y
- Theory X: Assumes employees are disinterested and need direction. Managers are authoritarian and micromanage.
- Theory Y: Employees are self-motivated and seek fulfillment; managers encourage employee participation and creativity.
Organizing
- Organizing establishes relationships between people and their activities to achieve organizational objectives.
Documents and Records
- Essential for a quality management system, ensuring information is readily available.
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) provide detailed, structured guidance for procedures, promoting consistency and accuracy.
Laboratory Information System (LIS)
- A computer network that processes and stores laboratory data, interfacing with instruments to maintain accurate patient records and quality control.
Leadership Styles
- Exploitative and Authoritative: Views employees as tools; fosters distrust and lack of communication.
- Benevolent and Authoritative/Autocratic: Managers trust subordinates minimally, providing direction with rewards and punishments.
- Consultative: Managers seek input but retain decision-making control, fostering open communication.
- Participative: Recognizes the importance of employee contribution to success; promotes a team-oriented approach where employees share decision-making responsibility.
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