LCM (Least Common Multiple) and HCF

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Questions and Answers

Express the number 72 as a product of its prime factors in index notation.

$2^3 \times 3^2$

Determine the Highest Common Factor (HCF) of $2^3 \times 3^2 \times 5$ and $2^2 \times 3^3 \times 7$.

$2^2 \times 3^2 = 36$

Find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 16 and 24 using their prime factorizations.

48

Simplify the following expression using the laws of indices: $\frac{(3^4 \times 3^{-2})^3}{3^5}$

<p>$3^{-1} = \frac{1}{3}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Evaluate the expression: $(2^0 + 3^{-1}) \times 3^2$.

<p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Numbers $A$ and $B$ have prime factorizations $A = 2^4 \times 3 \times 5^2$ and $B = 2 \times 3^2 \times 7$. What is the least common multiple (LCM) of $A$ and $B$?

<p>$2^4 \times 3^2 \times 5^2 \times 7 = 25200$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Without fully calculating, explain whether the HCF of two numbers can ever be larger than the smallest of the two numbers. Why or why not?

<p>No, the HCF cannot be larger than the smallest number because the HCF must be a factor of both numbers, and a number cannot have a factor larger than itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Find the prime factors of 924.

<p>2, 3, 7, 11</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest number that has 2, 3, 5, and 7 as its only prime factors?

<p>210</p> Signup and view all the answers

The LCM of two numbers is 120 and their HCF is 4. If one of the numbers is 24, what is the other number?

<p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

Express 360 as a product of its prime factors in index notation.

<p>$2^3 \times 3^2 \times 5$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how finding the prime factors of two numbers helps in determining their HCF and LCM.

<p>Prime factors allow you to identify common factors for HCF (taking the lowest powers) and all factors for LCM (taking the highest powers), ensuring accurate calculations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Index Notation

A way of writing repeated multiplication of the same number using a base and an exponent.

Product of Powers

When multiplying powers with the same base, add the exponents: a^m * a^n = a^(m+n)

Quotient of Powers

When dividing powers with the same base, subtract the exponents: a^m / a^n = a^(m-n)

Power of a Power

When raising a power to another power, multiply the exponents: (a^m)^n = a^(m*n)

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Zero Exponent

Any non-zero number raised to the power of 0 is 1: a^0 = 1 (if a ≠ 0).

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What is LCM?

The smallest positive integer divisible by all given numbers.

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What is HCF?

The largest positive integer that divides all given numbers without a remainder.

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What is Prime Factorization?

Breaking down a number into a product of its prime factors (e.g., 12 = 2 x 2 x 3).

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How to find LCM using Prime Factorization?

  1. Prime factorize each number. 2. Take the highest power of each prime factor. 3. Multiply these to get the LCM.
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How to find HCF using Prime Factorization?

  1. Prime factorize each number. 2. Take the lowest power of each common prime factor. 3. Multiply these to get the HCF.
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What is a Prime Factor?

A factor that is also a prime number.

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What is a Prime Number?

A number greater than 1 divisible only by 1 and itself.

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How to find Prime Factors?

Repeatedly divide by the smallest prime number until the quotient is 1.

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Study Notes

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