Clinical Microscopy Pre-Boards Exam

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Questions and Answers

It is also known as the FISHBONE diagram; it determines the cause of a problem and identify the different elements that contribute to the problem. It relates the interaction between equipment, methods, and customers.

  • Cause-and-effect diagram (correct)
  • Histogram
  • Pareto chart
  • Flowchart

Based on the principle which states that 80% of the trouble comes from 20% of the problems; this chart is used to mainly identify the problems. The information in this type of graph displays the major contributors to a problem in descending order of importance.

  • Flowchart
  • Histogram
  • Pareto chart (correct)
  • Cause-and-effect diagram

Red diamond or fire hazard, classified according to the Flash Point:

  • A to D
  • 1 to 10
  • 0 to 4 (correct)
  • A to C

Type of extinguisher for flammable organic chemicals:

<p>Class B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carbon dioxide fire extingushers:

<p>Class B and C fires (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Three-dimensional images of high contrast and resolution are obtained, without haloing:

<p>Interference contrast microscopy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Converting a brightfield microscope for polarizing microscopy requires:

<p>Two polarizing filters-one placed below the condenser and one placed between the objective and the eyepiece (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kohler illumination is:

<p>A method to ensure optimal contrast and resolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many nephrons are found in the average kidney?

<p>1.3 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More than 66% of filtered water, sodium, and chloride and 100% of filtered glucose, amino acids, and proteins, are reabsorbed in the:

<p>Proximal tubules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the nephron except in the:

<p>Ascending limb of the loops of Henle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The final concentration of the urine is determined within the:

<p>Collecting ducts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It corrects renal blood flow in the following ways: causing VASODILATION OF THE AFFERENT ARTERIOLES and CONSTRICTION OF THE EFFERENT ARTERIOLES, stimulating reabsorption of sodium and water in the proximal convoluted tubules, and triggering the release of the sodium-retaining hormone aldosterone by the adrenal cortex and antidiuretic hormone by the hypothalamus:

<p>Angiotensin II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excellent sediment preservative:

<p>Formalin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For best preservation of urinary sediments, the preservatives of choice are:

<p>Boric acid and thymol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quantitative urine tests are performed on:

<p>Timed specimens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A negative urine pregnancy test performed on a random specimen may need to be repeated using a:

<p>First morning specimen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The correct method for labeling urine specimen containers is to:

<p>Attach the label to the container (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More representative measure of renal concentrating ability can be obtained by measuring:

<p>Osmolarity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The concentration of a normal urine specimen can be estimated by which of the following:

<p>Color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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