Layers of the Heart Wall Quiz

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In atherosclerosis, what is the primary substance that accumulates in the arterial wall?

Fibrin

Calcium

Collagen

Cholesterol (correct)

What is the initial event that triggers the development of atherosclerosis?

Calcification of the arterial wall

Smooth muscle cell proliferation

Endothelial injury (correct)

Plaque rupture

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is primarily affected in arteriosclerosis?

Tunica media (correct)

Tunica intima

Tunica adventitia

All layers are equally affected

Which of the following risk factors is NOT directly associated with the development of atherosclerosis?

Seasonal allergies Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the advanced stage of atherosclerosis, where the artery becomes severely narrowed or blocked?

Stenosis Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is primarily affected in an aortic dissection?

Tunica media Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the tunica media in arteries?

To regulate blood pressure through smooth muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery has the thickest tunica adventitia layer?

Medium/muscular/named/distributing arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) in the tunica intima of arteries?

To regulate the diffusion of nutrients within the vascular wall Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the arterial wall is most affected in the development of atherosclerosis?

Tunica intima Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?

Arteriosclerosis is a hardening of the arteries, while atherosclerosis is a buildup of plaque Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery is most susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis?

Coronary arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the thickening of the tunica media in arteriosclerosis?

Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis?

Genetic predisposition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which atherosclerosis can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease?

Decreased oxygen supply to the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery is most affected by the development of aneurysms, a complication of arteriosclerosis?

Aorta and its main branches Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?

The involvement of fatty plaques only in atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the vessel wall is primarily affected by arteriosclerosis?

Media Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?

Accumulation of cholesterol and fats in the vessel walls Signup and view all the answers

How does atherosclerosis differ from arteriosclerosis in terms of outcome?

Atherosclerosis leads to formation of fatty plaques while arteriosclerosis causes narrowing of arteries Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to an aneurysm formation?

Excessive blood pressure or weakening of the arterial wall Signup and view all the answers

How does atheroma contribute to atherosclerosis?

By causing inflammation and narrowing of the arterial lumen Signup and view all the answers