Layers of the Heart Wall Quiz
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Questions and Answers

In atherosclerosis, what is the primary substance that accumulates in the arterial wall?

  • Fibrin
  • Calcium
  • Collagen
  • Cholesterol (correct)

What is the initial event that triggers the development of atherosclerosis?

  • Calcification of the arterial wall
  • Smooth muscle cell proliferation
  • Endothelial injury (correct)
  • Plaque rupture

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is primarily affected in arteriosclerosis?

  • Tunica media (correct)
  • Tunica intima
  • Tunica adventitia
  • All layers are equally affected

Which of the following risk factors is NOT directly associated with the development of atherosclerosis?

<p>Seasonal allergies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the advanced stage of atherosclerosis, where the artery becomes severely narrowed or blocked?

<p>Stenosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is primarily affected in an aortic dissection?

<p>Tunica media (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the tunica media in arteries?

<p>To regulate blood pressure through smooth muscle contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery has the thickest tunica adventitia layer?

<p>Medium/muscular/named/distributing arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) in the tunica intima of arteries?

<p>To regulate the diffusion of nutrients within the vascular wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the arterial wall is most affected in the development of atherosclerosis?

<p>Tunica intima (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?

<p>Arteriosclerosis is a hardening of the arteries, while atherosclerosis is a buildup of plaque (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery is most susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis?

<p>Coronary arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the thickening of the tunica media in arteriosclerosis?

<p>Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis?

<p>Genetic predisposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which atherosclerosis can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease?

<p>Decreased oxygen supply to the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery is most affected by the development of aneurysms, a complication of arteriosclerosis?

<p>Aorta and its main branches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?

<p>The involvement of fatty plaques only in atherosclerosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the vessel wall is primarily affected by arteriosclerosis?

<p>Media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?

<p>Accumulation of cholesterol and fats in the vessel walls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does atherosclerosis differ from arteriosclerosis in terms of outcome?

<p>Atherosclerosis leads to formation of fatty plaques while arteriosclerosis causes narrowing of arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to an aneurysm formation?

<p>Excessive blood pressure or weakening of the arterial wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does atheroma contribute to atherosclerosis?

<p>By causing inflammation and narrowing of the arterial lumen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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