22 Questions
In atherosclerosis, what is the primary substance that accumulates in the arterial wall?
Cholesterol
What is the initial event that triggers the development of atherosclerosis?
Endothelial injury
Which layer of the blood vessel wall is primarily affected in arteriosclerosis?
Tunica media
Which of the following risk factors is NOT directly associated with the development of atherosclerosis?
Seasonal allergies
What is the term used to describe the advanced stage of atherosclerosis, where the artery becomes severely narrowed or blocked?
Stenosis
Which layer of the blood vessel wall is primarily affected in an aortic dissection?
Tunica media
What is the main function of the tunica media in arteries?
To regulate blood pressure through smooth muscle contraction
Which type of artery has the thickest tunica adventitia layer?
Medium/muscular/named/distributing arteries
What is the primary function of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) in the tunica intima of arteries?
To regulate the diffusion of nutrients within the vascular wall
Which layer of the arterial wall is most affected in the development of atherosclerosis?
Tunica intima
What is the main difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
Arteriosclerosis is a hardening of the arteries, while atherosclerosis is a buildup of plaque
Which type of artery is most susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis?
Coronary arteries
What is the primary cause of the thickening of the tunica media in arteriosclerosis?
Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis?
Genetic predisposition
What is the primary mechanism by which atherosclerosis can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease?
Decreased oxygen supply to the heart
Which type of artery is most affected by the development of aneurysms, a complication of arteriosclerosis?
Aorta and its main branches
What is the key difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
The involvement of fatty plaques only in atherosclerosis
Which layer of the vessel wall is primarily affected by arteriosclerosis?
Media
What is the main cause of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
Accumulation of cholesterol and fats in the vessel walls
How does atherosclerosis differ from arteriosclerosis in terms of outcome?
Atherosclerosis leads to formation of fatty plaques while arteriosclerosis causes narrowing of arteries
Which condition can lead to an aneurysm formation?
Excessive blood pressure or weakening of the arterial wall
How does atheroma contribute to atherosclerosis?
By causing inflammation and narrowing of the arterial lumen
Test your knowledge on the layers of the heart wall, including the inner layer composed of simple squamous epithelial cells, the middle layer consisting of connective tissue and smooth muscle cells, and the deep layer composed of connective tissue. Explore the structure and functions of each layer.
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