Laws of Motion Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the SI unit of impulse?

  • Joule
  • Kilogram-meter per second (kg m/s)
  • Pound-force
  • Newton-second (NS) (correct)
  • Impulse is equal to the force applied multiplied by the mass of the object.

    False

    Define an isolated system.

    A system with no exchange of mass and energy between it and its surroundings.

    The law of conservation of linear momentum states that in the absence of __________, the total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant.

    <p>external forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Impulse = Product of force and time Isolated System = No exchange of mass and energy Linear Momentum = Mass times velocity Conservation of Momentum = Total momentum remains constant without external force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Newton's Second Law, how is the external force related to the change in momentum?

    <p>F = dp/dt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The impulse experienced by an object is directly proportional to the change in momentum of that object.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total momentum of a system when an external force acts on it?

    <p>The total momentum changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is kinetic friction?

    <p>The force of friction when one body is in motion on another surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kinetic friction is dependent on the area of contact between two surfaces.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for kinetic friction?

    <p>fk = μk R</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding coplanar concurrent forces?

    <p>They act at a single point in the same plane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sum of the resolved components of all forces in a given direction must be equal to zero for equilibrium.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The constant μk is known as the coefficient of ______.

    <p>kinetic friction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Lami’s theorem?

    <p>Each force must be proportional to the sine of the angle between the other two forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of friction?

    <p>It makes it possible to walk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static friction acts between surfaces in contact before one body starts to ______ on the surface of another.

    <p>move</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Friction is always a disadvantage in mechanical applications.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of friction with their descriptions:

    <p>Kinetic Friction = Friction during motion between surfaces Static Friction = Friction preventing motion between surfaces Rolling Friction = Friction when a body rolls over another surface Limiting Friction = Maximum static friction before motion occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement describes limiting friction?

    <p>It is the maximum force of static friction just before one body begins to slide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one disadvantage of friction.

    <p>Wear and tear of machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of friction with their descriptions:

    <p>Static friction = Force between surfaces before motion begins Limiting friction = Maximum static friction before sliding starts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen to the resultant force when a point is in equilibrium?

    <p>The resultant force must be equal to zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In order for the point O to be in equilibrium, the vector sum of forces P, Q, and R must equal ______.

    <p>zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Newton's First Law of Motion state?

    <p>A body in motion continues in a straight line unless acted upon by an outside force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inertia is the property of a body that resists changes to its state of motion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for momentum?

    <p>p = mv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The unit of force in the SI system is called __________.

    <p>newton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of force with its definition:

    <p>Newton's First Law = A body at rest remains at rest. Newton's Second Law = Force is the rate of change of momentum. Newton's Third Law = Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Impulsive Force = Force acting for a very short time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the SI unit of momentum?

    <p>Kilogram meter per second (kg m/s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, action and reaction forces act on the same body.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

    <p>F = ma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the centripetal force for a car moving on a circular road?

    <p>The friction between the car tyre and the road</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The centrifugal reaction force cancels out the centripetal force acting on the car.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the maximum speed limit of a car for safe turning on a banked road?

    <p>v_{max} = \sqrt{\mu rg}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Centripetal force is required to keep an object moving in a __________ path.

    <p>circular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the forces acting on a car on a circular road?

    <p>The normal force is equal to the weight of the car.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Banking of roads is intended to reduce reliance on friction for providing centripetal force.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the speed of the car exceeds the limit determined by __________, it will skid off the road.

    <p>friction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Newton’s Third Law, what is the relationship between action and reaction forces?

    <p>Action is equal to reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The recoil velocity of the gun is the same as the muzzle velocity of the bullet.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total momentum of a system when there are no external forces acting on it?

    <p>The total momentum remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The movement of the gun backwards after firing is called __________.

    <p>recoil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the recoil velocity of the gun after firing?

    <p>$V = -\frac{mv}{M}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The equation $m_2v_2 - m_2u_2 = -m_1v_1 + m_1u_1$ represents the forces between two colliding bodies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a bullet of mass 0.01 kg has a muzzle velocity of 400 m/s, what is the recoil velocity of a gun of mass 5 kg?

    <p>-0.8 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Laws of Motion

    • Force: An external push or pull that changes or attempts to change the position of a body at rest or in uniform motion.
    • Inertia: A body's resistance to change in its state of rest or uniform motion. Inertia is directly proportional to mass. A greater mass means a greater inertia.
    • Newton's First Law: A body at rest stays at rest, and a body in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
    • Momentum: The product of mass and velocity. Momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Momentum's direction is the same as the direction of velocity. Formula: p = mv (momentum = mass × velocity)
    • Newton's Second Law: The rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and is in the same direction. The formula is F = ma (force = mass × acceleration).
    • Impulse: The product of force and the time during which the force acts. Impulse is a vector quantity. Formula: I = F × t (impulse = force × time)
    • Isolated System: A system where there is no exchange of mass or energy with its surroundings.
    • Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum: In the absence of external forces, the total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant.

    Friction

    • Types of Friction: Static friction (opposes motion before movement), Limiting friction (maximum static friction), Kinetic friction (opposes movement during motion).
    • Laws of Limiting Friction: The magnitude of limiting static friction is independent of the contact area as long as the normal reaction remains the same. It is directly proportional to the normal reaction. Formula: fs = µsR (limiting friction = coefficient of static friction × normal reaction)
    • Laws of Kinetic Friction: The magnitude of kinetic friction is constant and depends on the nature of the two surfaces in contact, independent of contact area. It's directly proportional to the normal reaction. Formula: fk = µkR (kinetic friction = coefficient of kinetic friction × normal reaction).

    Concurrent Forces

    • Concurrent Forces: Forces acting at the same point on a body.
    • Coplanar Concurrent Forces: Forces acting in the same plane.
    • Equilibrium of Concurrent Forces: Three forces in equilibrium can be represented by the sides of a triangle taken in order.
    • Lami's Theorem: A useful relationship among three concurrent, coplanar forces in equilibrium.

    Centripetal Force

    • Centripetal force: the force that keeps a body moving in a circular path. Formula: F = mv²/r (force = mass x velocity² / radius).
    • Centrifugal Reaction: the reaction to the centripetal force.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamental Laws of Motion as described by Sir Isaac Newton. This quiz covers concepts such as force, inertia, momentum, and the mathematical relationships governing these principles. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the laws that govern motion and force.

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