Latin Verb Conjugations and Forms Quiz

Latin Grammatical Verb Inflections:

• Conjugation can mean the creation of derived forms of a verb affected by language-specific factors.

• Conjugation also means a group of verbs with the same pattern of inflections.

• Latin verbs are divided into four conjugations based on their active present infinitive endings.

• The word "conjugation" comes from the Latin coniugātiō, meaning "yoking together (horses into a team)".

• Regular verbs in Latin are usually said to have four conjugations.

• The ancient Romans originally divided their verbs into three conjugations.

• Modern grammarians generally recognise four conjugations.

• Latin verbs are listed with four "principal parts", which allow the student to deduce the other conjugated forms.

• The first conjugation is characterized by the vowel ā and can be recognized by the -āre ending of the present active infinitive form.

• The second conjugation is characterized by the vowel ē and can be recognized by the -eō ending of the first person present indicative and the -ēre ending of the present active infinitive form.

• The third conjugation has a variable short stem vowel, which may be e, i, or u in different environments.

• The fourth conjugation is characterized by the vowel ī and can be recognized by the –īre ending of the present active infinitive.Latin Verb Conjugations and Forms

• The perfect tenses of "to do, to make" are identical with the perfect passive tenses of "to do, to make".

• The 1st and 2nd plural forms of "to eat" are almost never found.

• The verb "to eat" has regular 3rd conjugation forms appearing alongside irregular ones.

• In early Latin, a present subjunctive form of "to eat" is found.

• Confusion is possible between the forms of "to eat" and those of "to be" and "to give out".

• The compound verb "to eat up, consume" is similar to "to eat".

• The non-finite forms of verbs are participles, infinitives, supines, gerunds, and gerundives.

• The gerundive is a first and second declension adjective and functions as a future passive participle.

• The gerund is formed similarly to the present active participle, but the -ns becomes an -ndus.

• The supine is the fourth principal part of the verb and resembles a masculine noun of the fourth declension.

• Deponent verbs are passive in form but active in meaning and use active conjugations for tenses that do not exist in the passive.

• Impersonal verbs are those lacking a person and use the third person singular.

• Several verb forms may occur in alternative forms, including syncopated forms and contractions.