Latin Text Analysis

• The text explores the concept of Filipino identity, its historical influences, and its connection to the educational system.
• It questions whether education is being utilized as a tool for change in the Philippines.

Discovery of Filipino Identity for an Effective Education System

• The rise of the modern world is accompanied by countless problems in all aspects of life.
• There is a loss of focus on philosophy and truth.
• Problems in economy and government greatly affect one's life.
• The state of education in the Philippines is an issue that does not receive much attention.
• According to Fr. Leonardo Estioko, SVD, education is the mirror of society and also an instrument for change.
• The government tends to focus more on other sectors.

The Need for a Filipino Identity

• The solution to issues in the Philippines lies in forming an effective education system.
• Understanding the true Filipino identity is the only way to achieve an improved education system.
• A large reason for the problems is the lack of identity, leading to Filipinos questioning the kind of society they desire.
• Discovering the true seeks to provide answers and is a challenge.
• Achieving a more effective education system can lead to a more orderly society.

Introduction to Identity

• There have been attempts to discover the true Filipino identity, a topic that has become a significant problem over time.
• Emerita S. Quito began her criticisms of the Filipino spirit.
• The 1970s and 1980s were critical as Filipinos intensified their search for self-identity.
• Former President Ferdinand E. Marcos attempted to create a new Filipino consciousness by establishing the Bagong Lipunan (New Society).
• Virgilio Enriquez initiated Filipino Psychology (Sikolohiyang Pilipino).
• Dr. Zeus A. Salazar became known in the field of sociology and history through his Pantayong Pananaw (From-Us-for-Us Perspective).
• There was a burning desire among Filipinos during that time to discover their true identity in their respective fields.

Loss of Identity

• Searching or discovering something implies that something was lost.
• The search for Filipino identity arose due to colonization.
• Fr. Leonardo Estioko used the story of a lion raised by goats to illustrate this which forced to live as a goat after its mother's death, adopting a different lifestyle.
• The lion eventually realized its true nature and lived among lions.
• According to Estioko, the Philippines is like that lion, having lived under the influence of Spaniards and Americans.
• More than 400 years of colonization deeply affected Filipino life, reflected in religion, government, and education.
• Education is the last to undergo Filipinization because it is deeply rooted in Americanism, a point also made by Renato Constantino in "Miseducation of the Filipinos."
• Colonization caused Filipinos' true identity to sink, affecting education's role as a tool for societal change.
• Education and philosophy should be anchored in the true identity of Filipinos.
• To create an effective education system, discovering the true identity of Filipinos is necessary.

The Filipino Spirit

• The Filipino spirit has everything from the past.
• What happens now is the result of history.
• According to Lourd De Veyra, without history, there is no sense.
• Understanding the past helps comprehend the present.
• One cannot understand their society without knowing their nation's history.
• Romulado Abulad uses "critique" as a key component in his philosophy, rooted in history.
• Analyzing something from the perspective of "grinding history" is vital for thorough examination.
• Understanding Filipino identity requires a look back at their Filipino history.

Characteristics of the Filipino Spirit

• Emerita S. Quito emphasized that physical characteristics do not define Filipino identity but rather a soul identity.
• The soul identity is akin to the "spirit of the people" in English and "Volkgeist" in German.
• Quito used "Diwa" to mean the consciousness that reflects the overall consciousness of Filipinos.
• As a consciousness, it can be called a philosophy that is the source of Filipino thought.
• "Deeper feelings" are conveyed through myths and legends
• Filipino identity is not reflected in external appearance but in "collective consciousness."
• According to Quito, the Filipino spirit existed before colonizers and is "free from foreign influence, unsullied by foreign contact."
• This is supported by legends and folk tales that exhibit unique thought and spirit.
• Quito greatly admired the myths and legends written in vernacular language.
• Identifying specific characteristics of the Filipino spirit is challenging due to the archipelago's diverse groups and tribes.
• Quito focused on the traits of being religious and having a unique basis for customs and values.

Being Religious

• Ancient Filipinos believed in a Supreme Being and this was affirmed by Pablo Fernandez who stated the ancient Filipinos called their God "Bathala."
• Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, a religion already existed, although without formal structure.
• According to Jose S. Arcilla, S.J., the natives of Manila had their own gods when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi arrived.
• The were even willing to accept the God of the Spaniards if proven more powerful.

Value system

• Claims that Filipino values are based on their belief in Bathala.
• It is similar with Karma of the Indians:
  • Bahala na: Give trust to Bathala in everything.
  • Wheel of fate: Everything changes in life, after hardship is joy and after joy is hardship.
  • Kindness: The Filipinos are generous and caring.
  • Reciprocity: The things that are received must also be returned and given due appreciation.
  • Shame: Hiya can is viewed in different aspects such as its meaning, shyness, kindness etc.
• These values were prominent before foreigners arrived.
• According to Quito, Filipinos were lost and drown in new culture, customs, and values.

The Filipino Spirit During the Colonial Period

• The arrival of foreigners in the Philippines led to the loss of purity of the Filipino spirit because of their goal to expand their territory.
• The Philippines was under foreign control for nearly 400 years: about 300 years under the Spaniards, 50 years under the Americans, and 3 years under the Japanese.
• The Filipinos developed a "colonial mentality", were the old ways were replaced.

Foreign Thinking

• The long stay left a large influence on the way of thinking
• Filipinos had an inferiority complex and the native ones were defeated
• The Philippines' culture is not pure, but is neither aligned with East or West

Foreign habits

• The ways of thinking were greatly affected and also applied into living
• Quito provided groups about these habits:
  • Laziness
    • The passion wears off as they do it.
  • Selfishness
    • If something is needed, help will go away.
  • Cowardice
    • People aren't sure in a critical situation.
• Quito also stated that the Filipino trait is the result of foreign influences:
  • Religion of the Spaniards
  • Technology of the Americans
  • Spirit of Asians

Values

• Values were inevitable and are stated in the words of Florentino Timbreza "the concerns and interests in life are defined by my sense of value."
• It is important to clarify the basis of values and there is a basis:
  • Indebtedness
    • When help is given, the helper should be recognized.
  • Shame And Togetherness
    • Filipinos value their name, family, and work/
  • Loving a Family
    • A saying that blood is thicker than water.

Summary

• The Filipinos had their own identity, were changing over time, and is inevitable to mix with culture.

Analysis of common phrases and word locations within three columns of Latin text. Focus on identifying frequent phrases and specific phrase placements across columns. Includes matching phrases to their respective columns.