Latin American Literature and Movements

Latin American Literature

• Refers to all works of literature in the Latin American culture
• Includes countries like Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala, Colombia and Peru

The Vanguardia (Avant-garde)

• Took place in Latin America between 1916 and 1935
• A collective term for different literary movements

Creacionismo

• Founded by Vicente Huidobro, a Chilean poet

Ultraismo

• Introduced by Jorge Luis Borges, an Argentinian writer

Estridintismo

• Founded in Mexico City by Manuel Maples Arce, a Mexican writer

Surrealism

• Originated in Argentina when Argentinian poet Aldo Pellegrini launched the first Surrealist magazine
• Became a major influence in Latin American Literature in the 20th century

Pablo Neruda

• Chilean poet who wrote the poetry collection Residence on Earth, inspired by Surrealism

Octavio Paz

• Mexican poet who wrote poems with surrealist imagery
• Major works published in Freedom Under Parole

Jorge Luis Borges

• Known for his fantastic stories published in the collection Ficciones

Alejo Carpentier

• Cuban writer who wrote The Kingdom of This World, a novel of the magic realism genre

Miguel Angel Asturias

• Guatemalan writer who wrote the novel The President, which introduced magic realism alongside Carpentier’s novel

Boom Novels

• Modernist novels that appeared in the latter half of the 20th century
• Had features that were different or absent from previous regionalist writers

The Death of Artemio Cruz

• By Carlos Fuentes, a Mexican writer

Hopscotch

• By Julio Cortázar, an Argentinian fictionist

The Time of the Hero

• By Mario Vargas Llosa, a Peruvian writer

One Hundred Years of Solitude

• By Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a Colombian fictionist

Post-Boom

• Writers included a host of women who published works in the last twenty years of the 20th century

Isabel Allende

• Chilean writer who wrote The House of Spirits

Diamella Eltit

• Chilean writer who wrote E. Luminata

Luisa Valenzuela

• Argentinian writer who wrote Black Novel with Argentines

North American Literature

• Refers to all works of literature in English published in the United States

19th Century

• Edgar Allan Poe became famous for his macabre stories and poems

The Fall of the House of Usher

• Macabre story by Edgar Allan Poe

The Cask of Amontillado

• Macabre story by Edgar Allan Poe

Annabel Lee

• Poem by Edgar Allan Poe

Raven

• Poem by Edgar Allan Poe

Nathaniel Hawthorne

• Known for his symbolical tales

The Hollow of the Three Hills

• Symbolical tale by Nathaniel Hawthorne

Young Goodman Brown

• Symbolical tale by Nathaniel Hawthorne

The Scarlet Letter

• Gothic romance written by Nathaniel Hawthorne

Emily Dickinson

• Wrote odd poems, mainly using imperfect rhymes and avoiding regular rhythms

Poems by Emily Dickinson

• Collection of Dickinson’s poems published in 1890

20th Century

Robert Frost

• Wrote poems with traditional stanzas and blank verse
• Poems portray ordinary people in everyday situations

Mending Wall

• Poem by Robert Frost

The Road Not Taken

• Poem by Robert Frost

After Apple-Picking

• Poem by Robert Frost

Harper Lee

• Published the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, a story of a girl awakening to prejudice and racism.

To Kill a Mockingbird

• Popular novel by Harper Lee

Ezra Pound

• Leader of the Imagists who emphasized direct and sparse language and precise images

Ripostes

• Works by Ezra Pound (1912)

Lustra

• Works by Ezra Pound (1916)

Anne Sexton

• Known for her confessional poetry

Live or Die

• Work by Anne Sexton (1966) which won a Pulitzer Prize

Wanting to Die

• Example of Anne Sexton's confessional poetry