Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
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Questions and Answers

What is the source of the lumbar plexus?

  • Ventral rami of S1-S4
  • Dorsal rami of L1-L4
  • Ventral rami of L5-S4
  • Ventral rami of L1-L4 (correct)

    • What is the main function of the ilio-hypogastric nerve?

  • Motor innervation of the quadriceps
  • Articular innervation of the hip joint
  • Sensory innervation of the thigh (correct)
  • Not mentioned in the text

    • What is the effect of a lesion of the femoral nerve?

  • Weakness of hip abduction
  • Loss of knee extension
  • Numbness on the medial side of the leg
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is the origin of the obturator nerve?

    <p>L2,3,4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the motor innervation of the femoral nerve?

    <p>Iliacus, pectineus, quadriceps, and sartorius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensory innervation of the obturator nerve?

    <p>Medial side of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a lesion of the obturator nerve?

    <p>Weakness of hip adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the articulation innervation of the femoral nerve?

    <p>Hip and knee joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the hamstring muscles, except the short head of biceps femoris?

    <p>Tibial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a common peroneal nerve injury?

    <p>Plantar flexion of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the sensation to the lateral side of the back of the leg?

    <p>Sural nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of a foot drop?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is the larger of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve?

    <p>Tibial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of a common peroneal nerve injury on the muscles of the leg?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the skin of the medial 2/3 of the sole of the foot?

    <p>Medial plantar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What passes through the tarsal tunnel?

    <p>Tibial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the medial side of the thigh?

    <p>Not specified in the content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the motor innervation of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

    <p>None</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis muscle?

    <p>Superior gluteal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of superior gluteal nerve injury?

    <p>Paralysis of hip abductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sciatic nerve?

    <p>It is the thickest nerve in the body and descends in the back of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the gluteus maximus?

    <p>Inferior gluteal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of inferior gluteal nerve injury?

    <p>Difficulty in raising the body from sitting or stooping position and abnormal gait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the sciatic nerve terminate?

    <p>At the superior angle of the popliteal fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smaller of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve?

    <p>Common peroneal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the motor function of the common peroneal nerve?

    <p>Short head of the biceps femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the deep peroneal nerve terminate?

    <p>In front of the ankle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensory function of the deep peroneal nerve?

    <p>Adjacent sides of big and 2nd toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the muscular function of the superficial peroneal nerve?

    <p>Peroneus longus and brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the superficial peroneal nerve begin?

    <p>At the neck of the fibula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the articular function of the deep peroneal nerve?

    <p>Ankle and foot joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of tibial nerve injury at the knee joint?

    <p>Posterior dislocation of the knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of paralysis of the muscles in the back of the leg and the sole of the foot?

    <p>Loss of plantar flexion of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is most likely to be compressed against the femur after sitting for a long time?

    <p>Sciatic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of paralysis of the hamstring muscles?

    <p>Weak knee flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area of sensory loss in sciatic nerve injury?

    <p>Below the knee, except the area supplied by the saphenous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the safest area for intramuscular injection in the gluteal region?

    <p>Upper lateral quadrant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nerves of the Lower Limb

    • The lumbar plexus is formed by the ventral rami of L1-L4 and gives rise to six branches.
    • The sacral plexus is formed by the ventral rami of S1-S4 and the lumbosacral trunk, and gives rise to seven branches.

    Lumbar Plexus

    • Ilio-Hypogastric Nerve (L1): motor and sensory innervation to the abdominal wall.
    • Ilio-Inguinal Nerve (L1): sensory innervation to the scrotal region.
    • Genitofemoral Nerve (L1,2): motor innervation to the cremaster muscle, sensory innervation to the scrotal region.
    • Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh (L2,3): sensory innervation to the anterolateral side of the thigh.
    • Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4):
      • Motor innervation to the iliacus, pectineus, quadriceps, and sartorius muscles.
      • Sensory innervation to the anterior and medial aspects of the thigh, and the medial side of the leg and foot up to the ball of the big toe.
      • Articular innervation to the hip and knee joints.
    • Obturator Nerve (L2,3,4):
      • Motor innervation to the obturator externus and adductors of the thigh.
      • Sensory innervation to the medial side of the thigh.
      • Articular innervation to the hip and knee joints.

    Sacral Plexus

    • Sciatic Nerve (L4-S3):
      • The thickest nerve in the body.
      • Forms from the lumbosacral trunk and exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen.
      • Divides into the tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve in the popliteal fossa.
    • Superior Gluteal Nerve:
      • Exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis muscle.
      • Innervates the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae.
    • Inferior Gluteal Nerve:
      • Exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis muscle.
      • Innervates the gluteus maximus.
    • Common Peroneal Nerve:
      • One of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve.
      • Divides into the superficial peroneal nerve and deep peroneal nerve.
    • Deep Peroneal Nerve:
      • Supplies the muscles of the front of the leg and dorsum of the foot.
      • Sensory innervation to the adjacent sides of the big and 2nd toes.
      • Articular innervation to the ankle and foot joints.
    • Superficial Peroneal Nerve:
      • Supplies the peroneus longus and brevis muscles.
      • Sensory innervation to the lower part of the anterolateral side of the leg and the dorsum of the foot.
    • Tibial Nerve:
      • The larger of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve.
      • Runs vertically from the upper angle to the lower angle of the popliteal fossa.
      • Enters the sole of the foot by passing through the tarsal tunnel and divides into the medial and lateral plantar nerves.

    Nerve Injuries

    • Femoral Nerve Injury:
      • Causes: stab wounds, gunshot wounds.
      • Motor loss: weakness of knee extension and hip movements.
      • Sensory loss: anterior and medial aspects of the thigh.
    • Obturator Nerve Injury:
      • Causes: stab wounds, anterior dislocation of the hip joint.
      • Motor loss: weak hip adduction.
      • Sensory loss: medial side of the thigh.
    • Lateral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment:
      • Causes: tight clothing, obesity, pregnancy, and diabetes.
      • Sensory loss: numbness and burning pain on the anterolateral side of the thigh.
    • Superior Gluteal Nerve Injury:
      • Causes: penetrating trauma or surgery.
      • Motor loss: paralysis of hip abductors, positive Trendelenburg's sign.
    • Inferior Gluteal Nerve Injury:
      • Causes: penetrating trauma or surgery.
      • Motor loss: weakness of hip extension and lateral rotation.
    • Sciatic Nerve Injury:
      • Causes: wrong intramuscular injection in the gluteal region, posterior hip dislocation.
      • Motor loss: paralysis of hamstring muscles, weakness of knee flexion, and all muscles below the knee.
      • Sensory loss: below the knee downward (except the area supplied by the saphenous nerve).
    • Common Peroneal Nerve Injury:
      • Causes: fracture of the neck of the fibula, pressure from casts or splints.
      • Motor loss: paralysis of muscles in the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg.
      • Sensory loss: anterolateral side of the leg (upper part) and the dorsum of the foot and toes (except the areas supplied by the sural and saphenous nerves).
    • Tibial Nerve Injury at the Knee Joint:
      • Causes: posterior dislocation of the knee, fractures of the tibia and fibula, entrapment in soleus arch.
      • Motor loss: paralysis of muscles in the back of the leg and the sole of the foot.
      • Sensory loss: sole of the foot; trophic ulcers may develop.

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    Quiz about the anatomy and function of the Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh, including its pathway, sensory innervation, and motor innervation.

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