Questions and Answers
What is the term for the right colic hepatic flexure?
Right colic hepatic flexure
What is the definition of the transverse colon?
Transverse colon
What major artery supplies blood to the superior mesenteric region?
Superior mesenteric artery
What is the word for the expanded portion in the large intestine where it meets the ascending colon?
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What is the term for the ascending colon?
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What part of the digestive system is referred to as the ileum?
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What is the function of the ileocecal valve?
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What is the structure that is located at the beginning of the large intestine?
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What is the name of the small pouch that extends from the cecum?
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What is the final section of the digestive tract known as?
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What muscle regulates the opening of the anus?
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What is the passageway for feces called?
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What is the term for the part of the colon that is S-shaped?
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What is the name for the longitudinal muscle bands in the colon?
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What connective tissue structure supports the intestines?
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What is the part of the colon that moves downward after the transverse colon?
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What are the small fatty pouches attached to the surface of the colon called?
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What is the structure that connects the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall?
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What is the term for the left colic splenic fixture in the colon?
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Study Notes
Large Intestine Anatomy Study Notes
- The large intestine is a vital part of the digestive system, where water is absorbed and waste material is formed.
- Key regions include the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.
Right Colic (Hepatic) Flexure
- The right colic flexure is the bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon, located near the liver.
Transverse Colon
- The transverse colon traverses horizontally across the abdomen, connecting the ascending colon to the descending colon.
Superior Mesenteric Artery
- This artery supplies blood to the small intestine and parts of the large intestine, including the ascending and transverse colon.
Haustrum
- Haustra are small pouches formed by the contraction of the tenia coli, which help in the segmentation of the colon.
Ascending Colon
- The ascending colon rises from the cecum to the right colic flexure, playing a key role in the absorption of water and salts.
Ileum
- The ileum is the final section of the small intestine, which connects to the cecum of the large intestine via the ileocecal valve.
Ileocecal Valve
- This valve regulates the flow of material from the ileum to the cecum, preventing backflow into the small intestine.
Cecum
- The cecum is a pouch-like structure at the beginning of the large intestine, receiving material from the ileum.
Appendix
- The appendix is a small, tube-like structure attached to the cecum, often considered vestigial but may play a role in gut flora maintenance.
Rectum
- The rectum is the final section of the large intestine, storing feces before elimination through the anal canal.
External Anal Sphincter
- This voluntary muscle surrounds the anal canal and controls the expulsion of feces.
Anal Canal
- The anal canal is a short passage that connects the rectum to the external environment, crucial for defecation.
Sigmoid Colon
- The sigmoid colon is the S-shaped segment of the large intestine that connects the descending colon to the rectum.
Tenia Coli
- The tenia coli are three bands of muscle that run along the colon's length and are responsible for its contraction and movement.
Mesentery (Cut Edge)
- The mesentery is a fold of peritoneum that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall, providing support and containing blood vessels.
Descending Colon
- The descending colon runs down the left side of the abdomen, transporting waste to the sigmoid colon.
Epiploic Appendages
- These are small, fatty pouches that hang off the colon, believed to have a role in fat storage and as a cushion.
Transverse Mesocolon
- The transverse mesocolon is the fold of peritoneum attaching the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall, allowing for some movement.
Left Colic (Splenic) Flexure
- The left colic flexure is the bend between the transverse colon and the descending colon, located near the spleen.
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy of the large intestine, detailing key regions such as the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal. It also includes information on the right colic flexure, transverse colon, and superior mesenteric artery, essential for understanding the digestive system.
