Laptop Repair Methodology and Components

A process that translates domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses. This is critical for internet browsing as it allows computers to find each other, and it relies on a network of specialized servers called DNS servers.

Port 53 is used by the Domain Name System (DNS) for resolving domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses.

A network device that connects different networks and filters traffic between them. It acts like a traffic cop, deciding which path data should take to reach its destination.

A network device that connects devices within a single network and forwards data based on the destination MAC address. It's like a smart switchboard, directing information to the right recipients within the network.

Port 25, also known as SMTP, is the primary protocol for sending email between clients and servers. It's like the mailman, delivering your emails from your inbox to the recipient's.

Port 80 is used by the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is the core protocol for transmitting websites on the internet. It's the foundation for all the webpages you browse, making it possible to see and interact with them.

Port 443 is used by HTTPS, which is a secure version of HTTP. It encrypts the data transmitted between your computer and websites, ensuring that your information is protected.

Port 3389, also known as RDP, allows you to remotely control another computer. It's like extending your desktop to another location, giving you full access to another computer's resources.

A device that connects multiple computers or devices on a network, allowing them to communicate with each other.

A simple switch with no configuration options, typically used in small networks.

A switch with advanced features for managing network traffic, commonly used in larger networks.

A device that connects wireless devices to a wired network, translating wireless signals to wired signals and vice versa.

A centralized point for managing network cables, connecting cables to switches or routers.

A device that filters network traffic based on predefined rules, blocking unauthorized access.

A technology that transmits both power and data over a single Ethernet cable, simplifying installations.

A network interface card (NIC) allows a computer to connect to a network.

A technology using radio waves to enable short-range, wireless communication between devices, such as smartphones and payment terminals. It's commonly used in contactless payments.

A technology that uses radio waves to transmit data wirelessly over short distances, typically within a personal area. It's often used for wireless headsets, keyboards, and other peripherals.

A network standard that specifies how wireless devices communicate over radio waves. It defines different versions (a, b, g, n, etc.) with varying speeds, frequencies, and bandwidth.

A network technology designed for low-power, long-range communication between devices. It's popular in the Internet of Things (IoT), enabling smart home devices, sensors, and other connected objects to communicate.

A protocol for automatically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. It simplifies network configuration by eliminating the need for manual IP address assignment.

A system that translates human-readable domain names (like google.com) into numerical IP addresses (like 172.217.160.142) that computers use to communicate. It helps make the internet easier to use.

A server that provides file storage and access for multiple devices on a network. It centralizes file management, providing a single point for users to share, access, and manage files.

A server responsible for managing email communication within a network. It receives incoming email, sends outgoing email, and typically provides features like spam filtering and virus scanning.

A temporary assignment of an IP address from a DHCP server to a device on a network. The lease expires after a set period of time, and the device must request a new lease to continue using the IP address.

The process by which a device with a DHCP lease contacts the DHCP server before the lease expires to request a renewal.

A timer set by a DHCP client that triggers a renewal request halfway through the original lease time.

A timer set by a DHCP client that triggers a second renewal request if the server doesn't respond to the first request. This happens at 87.5% of the original lease time.

A group of devices connected to the same network segment and able to communicate directly with each other. They share the same broadcast domain.

A technology that logically divides a network into separate subnets, allowing for better security and network efficiency. It's like giving each department in an office its own network.

A virtual private network that allows secure communication over a public network, like the internet. Data is encrypted, making it difficult for unauthorized access.

The process where a network device, often a firewall, translates a private IP address used within a network into a public IP address for communication with the internet.

A method for identifying logical partitions on a SCSI drive, often used in virtualization to manage storage on a hard drive.

A network where all devices share a single communication channel, leading to potential collisions and slowdowns.

A network that uses fiber optic cables for high-speed data transmission, often used for long-distance communication.

A standard for connecting peripherals to computers, known for its speed and versatility, supporting various devices beyond hard drives.

A type of network designed for high-speed storage access, commonly used in large data centers and enterprise environments.

A type of connection for external storage devices that mimics the SATA standard but uses a different cable to connect to the motherboard.

A wireless network that uses 802.11 technology to connect devices within a limited area, often used in homes, offices, and public spaces.

A standard for connecting hard drives to computers, providing data transfer speeds from 16 MB/s to 133 MB/s, and is considered a legacy technology.

A tool used to attach terminators or connectors to the end of cables, ensuring proper connection and data flow.

A method used to recognize and identify each SCSI device connected to a computer. It's similar to assigning a name tag to every device.

A specialized tool used to diagnose issues with wireless networks, analyzing signal strength, interference, and connectivity problems.

Twisted pair copper cabling is a common type of cable used in Ethernet networks, consisting of two or four pairs of insulated copper wires twisted together, reducing electromagnetic interference.

A specialized cable designed for use in plenum spaces (above ceiling tiles) that is fire resistant and non-toxic, ensuring safety in case of fire.